Apparatus for deicing

• US 5,180,122 A
• Filed: 05/10/1991
• Issued: 01/19/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: FMC Corporation
• Original Assignee: FMC Corporation
• Inventors: Robertson, Graham D., Westcott, Michael J., Tucci, James M., Christian, Donald J.
• Primary Examiner(s): BAREFOOT, GALEN L
• Application Number:
  US07/698,033
• Time in Patent Office: 620 Days
• Field of Search: 340/903, 340/904, 340/905, 340/945, 340/962, 340/580, 340/583, 340/582, 340/601, 358/108, 358/103, 358/95, 358/93, 358/99, 358/101, 358/107, 356/5, 356/338, 250/239, 250/339, 244/134 R-134 F
• US Class Current: 244/134.00F
• CPC Class Codes: B64F 5/20 Ground installations for de-icing aircraft

Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus and method for detecting the presence of ice on a surface. The invention uses cameras to allow ice detection over a large area instead of a single point. The detecting apparatus provides an improved deicing apparatus.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

an ice detecting camera, comprising;

a first camera for producing a first signal corresponding to the intensity of reflected light in a first narrow band centered near a wavelength at which ice has a low reflectence; and

a second camera for producing a second signal corresponding to the intensity of reflected light in a second narrow band centered near a wavelength at which ice has a high reflectence; and

means for receiving the first signal and the second signal, processing the first and second signals, and producing an ice indicator signal.

2. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first camera comprises:

a filter which passes the first narrow band;

a lens;

a means for detecting the intensity of reflected light from a plurality of locations; and

a means for generating a signal which indicates individual intensities of reflected light from each individual location of the plurality of locations, and wherein the second camera comprises;

a filter which passes the second narrow band;

a lens;

a means for detecting the intensity of reflected light from a plurality of locations; and

a means for generating a signal which indicates individual intensities of reflected light from each individual location of the plurality of locations.

3. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ice detecting camera further comprises a third camera for producing a third signal corresponding to the intensity of reflected light from a broad spectrum of visible light wherein the third signal is also received and processed by the means for receiving the first and second signals.

14. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a means for deicing some of the plurality of locations.

15. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 14, wherein the means for deicing comprises means for dispersing deicing chemicals to some of the plurality of locations.

16. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 15, further comprising:

a vehicle with a front wherein the ice detecting camera is attached to the front of the vehicle; and

an electrical and mechanical means for controlling the deicing means, wherein whenever ice is detected by the ice detection camera the controlling means causes the deicing means to disperse deicing chemicals to the plurality of locations.

17. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first narrow band is centered substantially around 1.8 microns.

18. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 17, wherein the second narrow band is centered substantially around 1.6 microns.

19. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 17, wherein the second narrow band is centered substantially around 2.0 microns.

4. An apparatus, as claimed in 3, further comprising;

means for rastering the first, second, and third cameras across the plurality of locations synchronously; and

a color video monitor which receives the ice indicator signal.

5. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a means for recording the ice indicating signal.

6. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a deicing apparatus mechanically attached to the ice detecting camera.

7. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 6, wherein the deicing apparatus is a means for spraying deicing chemicals on some of the plurality of locations.

8. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

a vehicle;

a boom arm with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the boom is attached to the vehicle;

a basket mechanically attached to the second end of the boom arm; and

a deicing gun for spraying a deicing chemical, mechanically mounted on the basket wherein the ice detecting camera is mechanically attached to the basket and the color video monitor is mechanically attached to the basket.

9. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

a vehicle with a cab;

a boom arm with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the boom is attached to the vehicle;

a deicing gun for spraying a deicing chemical mechanically attached to the second end of the boom arm wherein the ice detecting camera is mechanically attached to the deicing gun.

10. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 9, further comprising, manual controls located in the cab, wherein the manual controls can aim the deicing gun and camera and operate the deicing gun, and wherein the color video monitor is located in the cab.

11. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a means for moving the ice detecting camera and deicing gun in a programmed manner and causing the deicing gun to spray in a programmed manner.

12. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

a station;

a boom arm with a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the boom arm is mechanically connected to the station and wherein the ice detecting camera is mechanically connected to the second end of the boom arm;

a first antenna electrically and mechanically connected to the station;

a second antenna;

a control mechanism;

a means electrically connected between the control means and the second antenna for receiving a signal from the control means and sending a signal through the second antenna to the first antenna;

means electrically connected between the first antenna and the ice detecting camera for receiving a signal from the ice detecting camera and sending a signal through the first antenna to the second antenna; and

means electrically connected between the second antenna and the color video monitor for receiving the signal on the second antenna sent from the first antenna and processing the signal to produce an image on the color video monitor.

13. An apparatus, as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a deicing gun mechanically connected to the station.

20. A method, comprising the steps of:

generating a first signal which indicates individual intensities of reflected light in a first narrow band, centered near a wavelength at which ice has a low reflectence, from each individual location of a plurality of locations;

generating a second signal which indicates individual intensities of reflected light in a second narrow band, centered near a wavelength at which ice has a high reflectence, from each individual location of the plurality of locations;

receiving the first signal and the second signal;

processing the first and second signals; and

producing a signal that indicates the presence or absence of ice at each of the plurality of locations.

21. A method, as claimed in claim 20, wherein:

the step of generating a first signal, comprises the steps of;

focusing some of the reflected light;

filtering the focused light, leaving only the first narrow band; and

imaging the filtered light; and

the step of generating a second signal, comprises the steps of;

focusing some of the reflected light;

filtering the focused light, leaving only the second narrow band; and

imaging the filtered light.

22. A method, as claimed in claim 21, further comprising the step of generating a third signal which indicates individual intensities of reflected light in a broad spectrum from each individual location of the plurality of locations.

23. A method, as claimed in claim 21, further comprising the step of deicing the locations where the presence of ice is indicated.

24. A method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the step of deicing comprises the step of dispensing deicing chemicals to the locations where the presence of ice is indicated.