Fluorescent degree of cure monitors
First Claim
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1. A method for measuring the degree of cure of a polymeric composition comprising the steps of:
- a) reacting a mixture comprising a polymerizable composition comprising at least one of
1) a hydride curable silicone,
2) an ethyleneically unsaturated compound,
3) a cationically sensitive compound, and a spectroscopically detectable amount of a latent uvaphore comprising at least one of dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof, to provide an at least partially polymerized composition comprising a uvaphore, which differs chemically from said latent uvaphore, that absorbs radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 and emits radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
2, λ
1 and λ
2 each being a wavelength within the ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; and
the mean of the range of λ
1 being below the mean of the range of λ
2 ; and
b) measuring uvescence intensity at a wavelength centered around λ
2 emitted by said composition during or after polymerization to provide an indication of degree of cure.
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Abstract
A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.
The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A method for measuring the degree of cure of a polymeric composition comprising the steps of:
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a) reacting a mixture comprising a polymerizable composition comprising at least one of
1) a hydride curable silicone,
2) an ethyleneically unsaturated compound,
3) a cationically sensitive compound, and a spectroscopically detectable amount of a latent uvaphore comprising at least one of dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof, to provide an at least partially polymerized composition comprising a uvaphore, which differs chemically from said latent uvaphore, that absorbs radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 and emits radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
2, λ
1 and λ
2 each being a wavelength within the ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; and
the mean of the range of λ
1 being below the mean of the range of λ
2 ; andb) measuring uvescence intensity at a wavelength centered around λ
2 emitted by said composition during or after polymerization to provide an indication of degree of cure. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for measuring the degree of cure of a polymeric composition comprising the steps of:
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a) reacting a mixture comprising a polymerizable composition comprising at least one of
1) a hydride curable silicone,
2) an ethylenically unsaturated compound,
3) a cationically sensitive compound, and a spectroscopically detectable amount of a latent uvaphore comprising at least one of dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof,said dibenzofulvene or derivative thereof having the formula ##STR8## wherein X is Cr1 R2 or NR1, wherein R1 and R2 each independently is a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, aralkynyl, alkaryl, or aralkyl group, or R1 and R2 together are a cycloaliphatic group of ring size 3 to 12 atoms, all of which can include up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of unitary N, Si, S and nonperoxidic O;
or wherein aromatic groups designated A and B together or each independently can contain up to two ring nitrogen atoms, and together or independently can be a single or fused aromatic ring system having 1 to 4 rings, and each aromatic ring designated A and B in formula I can be substituted with up to four substituents, which are chosen from
1) alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, acyl, acylamido, amino, hydroxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, aryloxy groups of up to 50 carbon atoms and 0 to 30 unitary fluoro, chloro, bromo, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, and nonperoxidic oxygen atoms,
2) cyano groups, bromo, chloro, and fluoro atoms, and
3) silyl and siloxy groups containing up to 200 silicon atoms and up to 200 unitary nitrogen, sulfur, and nonperoxidic oxygen atoms,to provide an at least partially polymerized composition comprising a uvaphore that absorbs radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
1 and emits radiant energy of a wavelength range centered around λ
2, λ
1 and λ
2 each being a wavelength within the ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; and
the mean of the range of λ
1 being below the mean of the range of λ
2 ; andb) measuring uvescence intensity at a wavelength centered around λ
2 emitted by said composition during or after polymerization to provide an indication of degree of cure. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification