Self-regulating heater utilizing ferrite-type body

• US 5,182,427 A
• Filed: 09/20/1990
• Issued: 01/26/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dover Technologies International Inc. (Dover Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Metcal Incorporated (Dover Corporation)
• Inventors: McGaffigan, Thomas H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Leung, Philip H.
• Application Number:
  US07/586,865
• Time in Patent Office: 859 Days
• Field of Search: 219/10.75, 219/9.5, 219/10.41, 219/10.43, 219/10.57, 219/85.1, 219/85.11, 219/552, 219/553, 219/503, 219/510, 219/494, 219/495
• US Class Current: 219/663
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 36/04 using electrical heaters
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/2401 by means of electricity
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2206/023 using the curie point of the material in which heating current is being generated to control the heating temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 6/101 for local heating of metal pieces
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 6/108 for heating a fluid

Abstract

A self-regulating heater is provided by placing ferrite-type body member, which is highly lossy when exposed to a high frequency magnetic field and has a predetermined Curie temperature, on or around a central conductor which is connected or is adapted to be connected to a power source which provides high frequency alternating current to the conductor. The current passing through the central conductor produces a magnetic field around the conductor, which causes the ferrite-type body to be heated by internal losses to its Curie temperature. The heater self-regulates at the Curie temperature of the ferrite-type body. The power source is preferably a constant current, impedance matched power source. The ferrite-type body member can be ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic. The ferrite-type body is preferably ferrimagnetic, such as ferrite beads, rings, and the like, which heat by hysteresis losses.

Claims

1. A self-regulating heating device having a ferrite-type body having a Curie temperature, Tc, the device comprising:

central conductor means for carrying a high frequency alternating current and producing a magnetic field around the exterior thereof;

a power supply connected to the central conductor means for supplying the high frequency alternating current to the conductor means at sufficient power to cause the ferrite-type body to heat by internal losses to its Curie temperature; and

said ferrite-type body positioned in the magnetic field of the central conductor means and being sufficiently lossy to be capable of producing sufficient heat by internal losses in said magnetic field to raise the temperature of the ferrite-type body to Tc;

whereby the heating device self-regulates at Tc when powered by said power supply at a sufficiently high frequency and at sufficient power to cause the ferrite-type body to heat to Tc by internal losses.

2. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the ferrite-type body comprises a ferromagnetic material which heats by internal losses comprising eddy current skin effect losses.

3. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the ferrite-type body comprises a ferrimagnetic material which heats by internal losses comprising hysteresis losses.

4. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the device further comprises a heat conductive surface means adapted for thermal contact with the ferrite-type body for transferring the heat produced by the ferrite-type body from the ferrite-type body to an object or material to be heated by the device.

5. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 4 wherein the surface means is electrically conductive and is connected to the central conductor means, thereby comprising part of the circuit connected to the power supply.

6. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the central conductor means consists of a single metallic conductor positioned through an internal portion of the ferrite-type body.

7. A heating device according to claim 1 wherein the central conductor means passes twice through an internal portion of the ferrite-type body.

8. A heating device according to claim 1 wherein the central conductor means passes three times through an internal portion of the ferrite-type body.

9. A heating device according to claim 1 wherein the central conductor means passes four times through an internal portion of the ferrite-type body.

10. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the power supply frequency is at least about 10 MHz.

11. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the power supply is adapted to provide constant current to the central conductor means.

12. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the ferrite-type body comprises a ferrite bead.

13. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the ferrite-type body comprises ferrite particles.

14. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 13 wherein the ferrite particles further comprise heat transfer enhancing materials, a binder or a filler.

15. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 14 wherein the particles comprise in combination lossy ferrite particles and non-lossy ferrite particles.

16. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 13 wherein the particles comprise in combination lossy ferrite particles and non-lossy ferrite particles.

17. A self-regulating heating device according to claim 1 wherein the ferrite-type body is positioned around the central conductor means.

18. The self-regulating heating device according to claim 1, wherein said ferrite-type body comprises a plurality of ferrite disks and a plurality of thermally conductive disks interposed between said ferrite disks such that the transfer of heat produced in the ferrite disks to the substrate or material to be heated by the device is enhanced by the thermally conductive disks.

19. A self-regulating heater device comprising:

central conductor means for carrying a high frequency alternating current and producing a magnetic field around the exterior thereof;

a ferrite-type body having a Curie temperature, Tc, positioned in the magnetic field of the central conductor means and being sufficiently lossy to be capable of producing sufficient heat by internal losses in said magnetic field to raise the temperature of the ferrite-type body to Tc; and

connector means adapted for electrically connecting said central conductor means to a high frequency alternating current power supply capable of causing the ferrite-type body to heat to Tc by internal losses;

whereby the heater device heats to Tc and self-regulates at Tc when powered by said power supply at a sufficiently high frequency and at sufficient power to heat ferrite-type body to Tc by internal losses.

20. A self-regulating heater device according to claim 19 wherein the device further comprises a heat conductive surface means adapted for thermal contact with the ferrite-type body and for transferring the heat produced by the ferrite-type body from the ferrite-type body to an object or material to be heated by the device.

21. A method of providing self-regulating heating of a substrate or material comprising:

positioning a heater device in thermal proximity to the substrate or material to be heated, wherein the device comprises a ferrite-type body having a central conductor means positioned in the ferrite-type body, having a Curie temperature, Tc, and being capable of producing heat by internal losses in an alternating magnetic field to raise the temperature of the ferrite-type body to Tc; and

applying a high frequency alternating current to said central conductor means to produce an alternating magnetic field around the central conductor wherein the frequency is sufficiently high and the power is sufficient to cause the ferrite-type body to heat to Tc in the magnetic field of the central conductor means.

22. A method of providing a self-regulating heating device according to claim 21, comprising applying the current as constant current at a frequency of at least about 10 MHz.

23. A method according to claim 21 comprising positioning the heater device on an electrical device having a soldered component and heating to desolder a soldered component therefrom.

24. A soldering iron tip adapted to melt solder, said soldering iron tip comprising:

at least one heating member formed of a ferrite-type body which is sufficiently lossy when exposed to a magnetic field having a frequency sufficiently high and sufficient power to cause heating of the body by internal losses and which has a predetermined Curie temperature higher than the melting point of the solder; and

a central conductor means positioned in the ferrite-type body and adapted to be connected to a power source for providing said high frequency current through said central conductor means, producing said magnetic field around the central conductor and heating said ferrite-type body to its Curie temperature.

25. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24 comprising a metal member on the external surface of the ferrite-type body for contacting the solder and wherein the central conductor means is connected to the metal member and comprising connector means being connected to the central conductor means and the metal member and being adapted for connection to the high frequency power source.

26. A soldering iron tip according to claim 25 wherein the metal member is a metal coating.

27. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24 wherein the central conductor means is u-shaped and passes through the ferrite-type body twice.

28. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24 wherein the tip comprises a tool adapted for placement on an integrated circuit chip carrier and comprises ferrite-type bodies positioned at the perimeter thereof for heating the perimeter of the tool for the melting of solder at the perimeter of the chip carrier.

29. A soldering iron tip according to claim 28 wherein a perimeter portion of the tool comprises a solder wick means for containing molten solder.

30. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24 wherein the central conductor means comprises a hollow tube adapted for removing molten solder.

31. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24, wherein said ferrite-type body comprises a plurality of ferrite disks and a plurality of thermally conductive disks interposed between said ferrite disks such that the transfer of heat produced in the ferrite disks to the solder to be melted by the device is enhanced by the thermally conductive disks.

32. A soldering iron tip according to claim 24 comprising means for impressing a non-alternating bias magnetic field across at least a portion of the ferrite-type body to reduce or eliminate heating in that portion of the ferrite-type body.

33. An elongate self-regulating heater device comprising:

an elongate central conductor means extending the length of the device for carrying a high frequency alternating current and producing a magnetic field around the exterior thereof;

a ferrite-type body having a Curie temperature, Tc, positioned in the magnetic field of the central conductor means and being sufficiently lossy to be capable of producing sufficient heat by internal losses in said magnetic field to raise the temperature of the ferrite-type body to Tc;

elongate surface means positioned on the outside of the ferrite-type body for transferring heat therefrom to the material or substrate to be heated; and

conductor means adapted for electrically connecting said central conductor means to a high frequency alternating current power supply capable of causing the ferrite-type body to heat to Tc by internal losses;

whereby the heater device heats to Tc and self-regulates at Tc when powered by said power supply at a sufficiently high frequency and sufficient power to heat ferrite-type body to Tc by internal losses.

34. An elongate self-regulating heater device according to claim 33 wherein the elongate central conductor means is U-shaped and passes through the ferrite-type body twice.

35. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 wherein the elongate surface means comprises a metal braid.

36. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 wherein the elongate surface means comprises a metal tube.

37. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 wherein the elongate surface means is electrically conductive and the elongate central conductor means is connected at the remote end thereof to the elongate surface means.

38. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 wherein the ferrite-type body comprises an elongate polymeric tube containing ferrite-type material positioned around the elongate central conductor means, the surface of which tube forms the elongate surface means.

39. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 wherein the elongate central conductor comprises a hollow tube.

40. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 comprising means for impressing a non-alternating bias magnetic field across at least a portion of the ferrite-type body to reduce or eliminate heating in that portion of the ferrite-type body.

41. An elongate self-regulating heater according to claim 33 which is in the form of an air dielectric coax cable having at least a portion of the air dielectric space filled with a ferrite-type material.

42. A self-regulating heater device comprising:

central conductor means for carrying a high frequency alternating current and producing a magnetic field around the exterior thereof;

a ferrite-type body having a Curie temperature, Tc, positioned in the magnetic field around the central conductor means and being sufficiently lossy to be capable of producing sufficient heat by internal losses in said magnetic field to raise the temperature of the ferrite-type body to Tc; and

connector means adapted for electrically connecting said central conductor means of high frequency alternating current power supply capable of causing the ferrite-type body to heat to Tc by internal losses;

whereby the heater device heats to Tc and self-regulates at Tc when powered by said power supply at a sufficiently high frequency and sufficient power to heat ferrite-type body to Tc by internal losses;

wherein the central conductor means comprises a hollow tube adapted for receiving material to be heated.