Method of molding microstructure bearing composite plastic articles

• US 5,183,597 A
• Filed: 02/25/1991
• Issued: 02/02/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Lu, Shih-Lai
• Primary Examiner(s): Lowe, James
• Application Number:
  US07/660,643
• Time in Patent Office: 708 Days
• Field of Search: 264/1.3, 264/1.4, 264/1.6, 264/1.7, 264/1.9, 264/106, 264/107, 264/22
• US Class Current: 264/1.38
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 2035/0827 using UV radiation
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 35/08 by wave energy or particle radiation B29C64/00, B29C71/04 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29D 11/00288 made by a rotating cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: B29D 11/00605 Production of reflex reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/416 Reflective
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2309/02 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2309/027 Ambient temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2309/10 linear, e.g. length, distance, width
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2309/105 Thickness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2310/0831 using UV radiation
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/24 with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate B32B37/15 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 38/06 Embossing
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 3/08 with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens diffractive Fresnel lenses G02B5/1876
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/045 Prism arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/124 plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/26 Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers

Abstract

A microstructure-bearing composite plastic article can be superior, both in microstructure and in physical properties, when it is a composite of a tough, flexible substrate, at a surface of which is microstructure formed of a cured oligomeric resin having hard segments and soft segments, which cured resin is substantially confined to the microstructure portion of the composite. Such a composite plastic article can be made by depositing an uncured oligomeric resin composition onto a master negative molding surface, filling the cavities by moving a bead of the composition between a substrate and the master, and curing the deposited composition by ultraviolet radiation while keeping the temperature during curing from rising not more than about 30° C. above a typical use temperature of the finished composite plastic article. Alternatively, instead of regulating the temperature during curing, the article can be made by limiting the resin composition to an amount which does not protrude above the cavities by more than 20% of the cavity depth.

Claims

1. A method of producing a composite plastic article that has a utilitarian microstructure, which microstructure is at least 0.025 mm in depth, said method comprising the steps of:

a) preparing a UV-curable oligomeric resin composition of a one-part, solvent-free, radiation addition-polymerizable, crosslinkable, organic oligomeric composition having hard segments and soft segments;

b) depositing a bead of that oligomeric resin composition along one edge of a master negative microstructure molding surface;

c) covering the master with a preformed substrate, at least one of the master and substrate being flexible;

d) applying force progressively to the substrate to advance the bead of resin while applying sufficient pressure to fill the cavities of the master such that the deposited resin does not protrude beyond the cavities to more than 20% of the depth of the cavities;

e) curing the deposited oligomeric resin by ultraviolet radiation to provide a composite of said substrate and cured oligomeric resin; and

f) removing the resulting microstructure-bearing composite of the substrate and cured resin.

2. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the viscosity of the resin composition in step a) is from 1,000 to 5,000 cps.

3. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the oligomeric resin composition includes a photoinitiator in step a) in an amount of from 0.1 to 1% by weight of the resin composition.

4. A method as defined in claim 3 wherein the amount of photoinitiator is from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the resin composition.

5. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein pressure is applied in step d) such that the deposited oligomeric resin composition does not protrude beyond said cavities to more than 10% of the depth of the cavities.

6. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein the microstructure makes the composite plastic article a total internal reflecting film.

7. A method as defined in claim 6 wherein the microstructure comprises linear prisms.

8. A method as defined in claim 1 wherein said utilitarian microstructure comprises optically utilitarian discontinuities in the surface of said composite plastic article.

9. A method of producing a composite plastic article that has a utilitarian microstructure, which microstructure is at least 0.025 mm in depth, said method comprising the steps of:

a) preparing a UV-curable oligomeric resin composition of a one-part, solvent-free, radiation addition-polymerizable, crosslinkable, organic oligomeric composition having hard segments and soft segments;

b) depositing a bead of that oligomeric resin composition along one edge of a master negative microstructure molding surface;

c) covering the master with a preformed substrate, at least one of the master and substrate being flexible;

d) applying force progressively to the substrate to advance the bead of resin while applying sufficient pressure to fill the cavities of the master;

e) curing the deposited oligomeric resin by ultraviolet radiation to provide a composite of said substrate and cured oligomeric resin while keeping the temperature adjacent to the surface of the deposited oligomeric resin from rising not more than about 30°

C. above room temperature; and

f) removing the resulting microstructure-bearing composite of the substrate and cured resin.

10. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein the viscosity of the resin composition in step a) is from 1,000 to 5,000 cps.

11. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein the oligomeric resin composition includes a photoinitiator in step a) in an amount of from 0.1 to 1% by weight of the resin composition.

12. A method as defined in claim 11 wherein the amount of photoinitiator is from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the resin composition.

13. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein pressure is applied in step d) such that the deposited oligomeric resin composition does not protrude beyond said cavities to more than 20% of the depth of the cavities.

14. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein the temperature during step e) does not rise above about 50°

C.

15. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein the microstructure makes the composite plastic article a total internal reflecting film.

16. A method as defined in claim 15 wherein the microstructure comprises linear prisms.

17. A method as defined in claim 9 wherein said utilitarian microstructure comprises optically utilitarian discontinuities in the surface of said composite plastic article.

18. A method of producing a composite plastic article that has a utilitarian microstructure, which microstructure is at least 0.025 mm is depth, said method comprising the steps of:

a) preparing a UV-curable oligomeric resin composition of a one-part, solvent-free, radiation addition-polymerizable, crosslinkable, organic oligomeric composition having hard segments and soft segments;

b) depositing a bead of that oligomeric resin composition along one edge of a master negative microstructure molding surface;

c) covering the master with a preformed substrate, at least one of the master and substrate being flexible;

d) applying force progressively to the substrate to advance the bead of resin while applying sufficient pressure to fill the cavities of the master;

e) curing the deposited oligomeric resin by ultraviolet radiation to provide a composite of said substrate and cured oligomeric resin while limiting the temperature adjacent to the surface of the deposited oligomeric resin; and

f) removing the resulting microstructure-bearing composite of the substrate and cured resin

whereby the composite plastic article demonstrates a T-Test value of about 5% or less.