Common signal transmission path cardiac pacemaker with switchable capacitors

• US 5,186,169 A
• Filed: 07/02/1990
• Issued: 02/16/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/1987
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Biotronik Mess-Und Therapiegeraete GmbH & Company Ingenieurbuero Berlin (Biotronik SE & Company KG)
• Original Assignee: Biotronik Mess-Und Therapiegeraete GmbH & Company Ingenieurbuero Berlin (Biotronik SE & Company KG)
• Inventors: Schaldach, Max
• Primary Examiner(s): Howell, Kyle L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SCHAETZLE, KENNEDY
• Application Number:
  US07/543,817
• Time in Patent Office: 960 Days
• Field of Search: 128/419 PG, 128/419 PT
• US Class Current: 607/32
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36514 controlled by a physiological quantity other than heart potential, e.g. blood pressure controlled by two or more physical parameters A61N1/36585
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/368 comprising more than one electrode co-operating with different heart regions A61N1/3622, A61N1/3627 take precedence

Abstract

Implantable cardiac pacemaker with a plurality of inputs for signal reception and switchable capacitors connected to these inputs, whereby analog signals obtained through signal receivers from external and/or internal sources are consecutively transmitted on a common signal transmission path inside and/or outside the cardiac pacemaker housing.

Claims

1. In an implantable cardiac pacemaker including a pacemaker housing and a plurality of inputs receiving analog signals from external and internal signal sources, the improvement comprising:

a common signal transmission path; and

switching means, comprising an integrated circuit including integrated switchable capacitors, within the housing coupled to the received analog signals for switching the received analog signals for consecutive, multiplex transmission on the common signal transmission path at least inside the housing.

2. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, further comprising circuit means coupled to said switching means along the common signal transmission path for altering transmission characteristics of the analog signals in synchronism with the switching of the received analog signals to the common signal transmission path.

3. A pacemaker as defined in claim 2, wherein said circuit means includes switchable capacitors.

4. A pacemaker as defined in claim 3, wherein said circuit means comprises filter circuits including said switchable capacitors which have capacitances that determine characteristics of said filter circuits.

5. A pacemaker as defined in claim 3, wherein said circuit means includes amplification switching circuits in the common signal transmission path having amplification factors that can be altered by switching over input capacity or feedback capacity by way of said switchable capacitors.

6. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a digitally operational system means connected to said switching means for generating switching signals that are used by said switching means to switch over the received analog signals to the common signal transmission path.

7. A pacemaker as defined in claim 6, wherein said digitally operational system means includes a data bus and a decoder connected to the data bus for decoding data on the data bus for generating the switching signals.

8. A pacemaker as defined in claim 6, further including individual signal sources on the common signal transmission path, wherein said digitally operational system means includes means for altering a frequency with which said individual signal sources are switched on.

9. A pacemaker as defined in claim 6, further comprising analog to digital converters having inputs coupled to the common signal transmission path for receiving in sequence signals from the common signal transmission path.

10. A pacemaker as defined in claim 9, wherein said digitally operational system means includes a digital processor and said analog to digital converters comprise threshold level detectors means which, on reaching a set signal amplitude value, produce interruption signals that are transmitted to said digital processor.

11. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a sample and hold circuit having an input connected in sequence with the common signal transmission path.

12. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, wherein the signal sources include atrial and ventricular electrodes.

13. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, wherein the signal sources include means for producing signals representing characteristic body signals, independent of cardiac electrical signal potential, including at least one of body temperature, blood pressure, sound, plethysmographic, photometric, mechanical and chemical signals.

14. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, wherein the pacemaker includes a stimulation electrode and a further electrode for electrically contacting the heart wall in the ventricle.

15. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further comprising one of a battery and voltage amplifier current circuit including either a current or voltage transducer.

16. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further comprising an interim memory means having an input and an output each being connected to said common signal transmission path at differing points in time for time altering signals transmitted on said common signal transmission path.

17. A pacemaker as defined in claim 16, wherein at least at one of the differing points in time the transmission path comprises a complex transmission function.

18. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, wherein said common signal transmission path includes a lead to the pacemaker outside said housing.

19. A pacemaker as defined in claim 18, further comprising multiplexing means for multiplexing signals on the lead outside said housing and for combining the multiplexed signals from said lead in a consecutive manner with signals already on the common signal transmission path inside said housing.

20. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further comprising means for switching over from bipolar to unipolar electrode connection by way of switchable capacitors.

21. A pacemaker as defined in claim 1, and further including digital means for digitally controlling amplification and filter characteristics of signals on said common signal transmission path so that when a threshold value is exceeded by a signal the signal is attenuated and when the threshold value exceeds the signal, the signal is amplified.