Process for the production of expanded materials based on polyurea elastomers
First Claim
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1. A process for the production of expanded polyurea elastomers comprising reacting:
- a) an aliphatic polyetheramine having primary amino functions and essentially no free hydroxyl groups;
b) carbon dioxide in the form of carbamate, obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with a portion of the aliphatic polyetheramines;
c) a polyisocyanate;
d) water; and
e) a catalyst having a tertiary amino group;
in the presence off) an inert, halogen-free blowing agent.
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Abstract
A process for the production of expanded polyurea elastomers which comprises reacting:
a) an aliphatic polyetheramine having primary amino functions and essentially no free hydroxyl groups;
b) carbon dioxide in the form of carbamate, obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with a portion of the aliphatic polyetheramines;
c) a polyisocyanate;
d) water; and
e) a catalyst having a tertiary amino group;
in the presence of
f) an inert, halogen-free blowing agent.
29 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A process for the production of expanded polyurea elastomers comprising reacting:
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a) an aliphatic polyetheramine having primary amino functions and essentially no free hydroxyl groups; b) carbon dioxide in the form of carbamate, obtained by reacting carbon dioxide with a portion of the aliphatic polyetheramines; c) a polyisocyanate; d) water; and e) a catalyst having a tertiary amino group; in the presence of f) an inert, halogen-free blowing agent. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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3. The process according to claim 1 wherein the aliphatic polyetheramine comprises compounds of general formula:
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.2 [[O(CH.sub.2).sub.m CHR.sup.1 ].sub.n (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.o NH.sub.2 ].sub.3where n denotes an integer between about 1 and about 100; o denotes 0 or 1; R1 denotes hydrogen and m denotes the number 1 or 3, or R1 denotes methyl and m denotes the number 1; and R2 denotes a trivalent radical chosen from the group consisting of;
CH3 --C(CH2 --)3, CH3 --CH2 --C(CH2 --)3, and (--CH2)2 CH--.
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4. The process according to claim 2 wherein R1 is methyl and m is 1.
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5. The process according to claim 3 wherein R1 is methyl and m is 1.
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6. The process according to claim 2 wherein the polyetheramines have an Mn of about 200 to about 12,000.
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7. The process according to claim 3 wherein the polyetheramines have an Mn of about 200 to about 12,000.
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8. The process according to claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
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9. The process according to claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate comprises diphenylmethane diisocyanate and toluylidene diisocyanate.
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10. The process according to claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate includes prepolymers thereof.
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11. The process according to claim 1 wherein the polyetheramine and the polyisocyanate are used in relative amounts corresponding to a molar ratio of NH2 to NCO groups in the range of 1:
- 1.5 to 1;
7.
- 1.5 to 1;
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12. The process according to claim 1 wherein 1 to 4 moles of water are employed per mole of NCO groups which are present in excess, based on NH2 groups.
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13. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst having a tertiary amino group comprises a compound of general formula:
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">XCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 MCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Ywhere M denotes oxygen or a methylimino group; X is chosen from the group consisting of N-morpholinyl, N-azanorbornyl, dimethylamino and dimethylaminoethyl groups; and Y is chosen from the group consisting of N-morpholinyl, N-azanorbornyl, dimethylamino, dimethylaminoethyl, hydroxyl and N-methyl-N-(2-hydroxy-C1 -C2 -alkyl)-amino group.
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14. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst having a tertiary amino group is chosen from the group consisting of 2,2-dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2-(2-dimethylamino)-ethoxyethanol, bis-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 2-(2 dimethyl-aminoethyl)-2-methylaminoethanol and 2-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy)-ethylmethylaminoethanol.
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15. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst having a tertiary amino group is 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-oxa-2-sila-4-azacyclohexane.
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16. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst having a tertiary amino group is employed in amounts ranging from about 0.01 to about 5 phr based on the polyetheramines.
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17. The process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst having a tertiary amino group is employed in amounts ranging from about 0.05 to about 3 phr based on the polyetheramines.
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18. The process according to claim 1 wherein the inert, halogen-free blowing agent is a material selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and dry air.
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19. The process according to claim 1 wherein separate streams comprising
a) the aliphatic polyetheramine, the catalyst having a tertiary amino group, the carbon dioxide in the form of carbamate, and the dissolved inert, halogen-free blowing agent.; -
b) the polyisocyanate; and c) water are fed to a mixing head, and the mixture obtained is allowed to react to completion after leaving the mixing head.
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20. The process according to claim 19 wherein the stream comprising the aliphatic polyetheramine, the catalyst having a tertiary amino group, the carbon dioxide bound as carbamate and the dissolved inert, halogen-free blowing agent further comprises a polyurea additive.
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21. The process according to claim 1 wherein the reaction is carried out at superatmospheric pressure.
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Specification