Process for effecting high efficiency separations by capillary electrophoresis

• US 5,192,405 A
• Filed: 09/09/1991
• Issued: 03/09/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 01/11/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Waters Technologies Corporation (Waters Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Millipore Corporation (Merck & Co., Inc.)
• Inventors: Petersen, John S., Merion, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Niebling, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): STARSIAK, JOHN S
• Application Number:
  US07/756,718
• Time in Patent Office: 547 Days
• Field of Search: 204/180.1
• US Class Current: 204/451
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 57/02 by electrophoresis treatment of water, waste water, sewage or sludge by electrophoresis C02F1/469; electrophoretic production of compounds or non-metals C25B7/00; investigating or analysing materials by using electrophoresis G01N27/26
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/44747 Composition of gel or of carrier mixture

Abstract

Capillary electrophoresis is effected by introducing into a capillary a buffer solution a zwitterion composition comprised of substantially equal numbers of positive and negative charges when the negative charges are desired from sulfonate or sulfate groups and the positive charges are derived from quaternary amines, quaternary phosphines or quanternary arsines. A sample is introduced into the capillary and an electric field is established through the capillary to cause the sample to migrate through the capillary.

Claims

1. The process for effecting electrophoretic separation of molecules in a sample within a capillary which comprises:

introducing into said capillary a buffer solution containing at least one zwitterion comprised of substantially equal numbers of positive and negative charges and having the formula selected from the group consisting of;

##STR2## and mixtures thereof wherein x, y and z can be the same or different and are integers from 1 to 30;

R, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ can be the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl groups containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, two R groups bonded to the same nitrogen as part of a cyclic structure or hydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 30 carbons;

Y can be the same or different and is sulfate or sulfonate, introducing said sample into said capillary and establishing an electrical field through said capillary to cause the sample to migrate through said capillary and detecting the separated analytes.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the negative charges are sulfonate.

3. The process of claim 1 wherein the negative charges are sulfate.

4. The process of claim 1 wherein x, y and z are integers from 1 to 4.

5. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is Me₃ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

6. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is Et₃ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

7. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is n-Pr₃ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

8. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is (HOCH₂ CH₂)₃ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

9. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is CH₃ (CH₂)₁₁ Me₂ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

10. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is CH₃ (CH₂)₁₃ Me₂ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

11. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is CH₃ (CH₂)₁₅ Me₂ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃,

12. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is CH₃ (CH₂)₁₇ Me₂ N(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

13. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is Me₃ P(CH₂)₃ SO₃.

14. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion is O₃ S(CH₂)₃ Me₂ N(CH₂)₆ NMe₂ (CH₂)₃ SO₃.

15. The process of claim 1 wherein the zwitterion has the formula:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R, R.sup.1,R.sup.2 P(CH.sub.2).sub.x Y Formula II.

16. The process for effecting electrophoretic separation of molecules in a sample with a capillary which comprises:

introducing into said capillary a buffer solution containing at least one zwitterion comprised of substantially equal numbers of positive and negative charges and having the formula;

##STR3## and mixtures thereof wherein y and z can be the same or different and are integers from 1 to 30;

R, R¹, R², R³, R⁴ and R⁵ are the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl groups containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 30 carbons, Y is sulfate or sulfonate and x is an integer within the range of 1 to 10,000.