Method for borderless mapping of texture images

• US 5,194,969 A
• Filed: 12/04/1990
• Issued: 03/16/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Pixar (The Walt Disney Company)
• Original Assignee: Pixar (The Walt Disney Company)
• Inventors: DiFrancesco, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Brinich, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE, TOMMY D
• Application Number:
  US07/622,712
• Time in Patent Office: 833 Days
• Field of Search: 358/400, 358/401, 358/403, 358/447, 358/448, 358/450, 358/463, 358/428, 358/433, 382/44, 382/67, 382/68, 382/56, 340/723, 340/728, 340/729, 340/730, 340/799, 395/125, 395/128, 395/129, 395/130, 395/134
• US Class Current: 358/463
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/001 Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour inpainting G06T5/77
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/40093 Modification of content of picture, e.g. retouching geometric modifications H04N1/387
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/166 Glass, ceramic, or metal sections [e.g., floor or wall tile, etc.]

Abstract

A method of transformation of any random sample of a surface texture pattern into a replicatable unit for computer graphics applications that can join together without borders to cover any desired surface area. The present invention is particularly well suited for obtaining texture patterns from high resolution photographs of actual surfaces to be used in a "texture library" of realistic replicatable fill patterns. In the preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for identifying and isolating discontinuities in a texture pattern. The invention facilitates the smoothing of the isolated border discontinuities to produce a transformed, borderless texture sample.

Claims

1. A method of transforming a first tessellatable surface having a finite number of original interior surface elements and having a border comprised of original peripheral surface elements such that a borderless tesselation of said first tessellatable surface can be accomplished, said method comprising the steps of:

performing a transformation of an original position of each surface element of said first tessellatable surface to a new position, said new position displaced from said original position along a displacement vector having a predetermined length, a predetermined direction, a first end and a second end, said first end being disposed at said original position of said surface element, said transformation such that said original peripheral surface elements are transformed to new interior surface elements and certain of said original interior surface elements are transformed to new peripheral surface elements;

removing discontinuities in said new interior surface elements, resulting in a transformed tessellatable surface; and

,

tessellating said transformed tessellatable surface.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first tessellatable surface comprises a regular geometric shape.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the first tessellatable surface comprises a rectangular shape.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the first tessellatable surface comprises a tessellatable of a plurality of copies of a second tessellatable surface.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the second tessellatable surface comprises a rectangular shape.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the first tessellatable surface comprises a two-by-two array of copies of said second tessellatable surface.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the surface elements of the first tessellatable surface comprise pixels representing elements of an image.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said first tessellatable surface comprises a rectangular array of said pixels.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said displacement vector comprises a vertical and a horizontal component.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said rectangular array of said pixels comprises a first predetermined number of rows of pixels and a second predetermined number of columns of pixels.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said first number is equal to said second number.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said vertical component of said displacement vector is equal in length to said horizontal component of said vector.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein said horizontal component of said displacement vector has a length equal to one half of the length of one-half of said second predetermined number of pixels and said vertical component is equal to the length of one-half of said first predetermined number of pixels.

14. A method of forming a surface such that a tesselation of said surface is borderless, said method comprising the steps of:

generating an image of a surface texture;

digitizing said image and storing said image in a storage means, said image comprising a plurality of original interior pixels and a border of a plurality of original peripheral pixels;

translating a position of each of said pixels such that said original peripheral pixels are disposed as new interior pixels and certain of said original interior pixels are disposed as new peripheral pixels, said translation such that discontinuities are created in the region of said new interior pixels; and

,

removing said discontinuities to create a continuous tessellatable surface.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of generating an image comprises producing a photograph of a texture sample, said photograph having between approximately a 5:

1 and an 8;

1 size correspondence with said texture sample.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of digitizing said image comprises scanning said image and converting said image to a pixel array.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said pixel array comprises a 512 by 512 pixel array.

18. The method of claim 14 wherein said step of translating said pixels comprises defining first, second, third, and fourth quadrants in said image, said quadrants each having first and second complementary interior edges and first and second exterior edges;

transposing said first and third quadrants;

transposing said second and fourth quadrants; and

,

said transposing steps such that said complementary interior edges are disposed on the periphery of said image and said exterior edges are disposed on an interior of said image.

19. A method of forming a surface such that a tesselation of said surface is borderless, said method comprising the steps of:

generating an image of a surface texture;

digitizing said image and storing said image in a storage means,

defining first, second, third, and fourth quadrants in said image, said quadrants each having first and second complementary interior edges and first and second exterior edges;

transposing said first and third quadrants;

transposing said second and fourth quadrants;

said transposing steps such that said complementary interior edges are disposed on the periphery of said image and said exterior edges form a region of discontinuities in the interior of said image; and

,

removing said discontinuities to create a continuous tessellatable surface.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein said first, second, third, and fourth quadrants are of equal size.

21. The method of claim 19 wherein said step of digitizing said image comprises scanning said image and converting said image to a pixel array.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said pixel array comprises a 512 by 512 pixel array.