Method and system for developing offshore hydrocarbon reserves

• US 5,195,848 A
• Filed: 07/24/1992
• Issued: 03/23/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Rodenbusch, George, Huete, David A., Brasted, Lee K.
• Primary Examiner(s): CORBIN, DAVID
• Application Number:
  US07/919,629
• Time in Patent Office: 242 Days
• Field of Search: 405/195.1, 405/202, 405/203, 405/223.1, 405/224, 405/224.2, 114/264, 114/265, 166/350, 166/353, 166/359, 166/366, 166/367, 175/7
• US Class Current: 405/202
• CPC Class Codes: B63B 1/107 Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
• CPC Class Codes: B63B 2001/128 comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
• CPC Class Codes: B63B 21/50 Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 19/002 specially adapted for underwater drilling E21B19/09, E21B19/143 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 41/0014 Underwater well locating or reentry systems
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 7/128 from floating support with independent underwater anchored guide base

Abstract

A method are disclosed for establishing hydrocarbon production for offshore reservoirs in which a compliant platform is installed at a selected site, an offshore drilling vessel is docked to the compliant platform and the vessel is positioned over a selected well site for conducting drilling operations, and the production riser is transferred from the vessel to the compliant platform and secured there. Communication between a surface tree installed on the production riser and facilities supported by the compliant platform is established and these steps are repeated for each selected well site served by the compliant platform.

Claims

1. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from an offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform at a selected site;

b) restraining an offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site at an ocean floor;

c) conducting drilling operations from the offshore drilling vessel through a drilling riser connected to a well at the selected well site;

d) transferring a production riser which extends from the well near the ocean floor to the offshore drilling vessel from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform;

e) securing the production riser to the compliant platform; and

f) establishing communication between the reservoir and a facility on the compliant platform.

45. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 1 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises docking a semisubmersible vessel to the compliant platform and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site comprises driving the compliant platform out of substantial vertical alignment with a well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel and substantially vertically aligning a drilling derrick of the semisubmersible vessel over the selected well site within the well pattern and securing this position for drilling operations.

46. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein driving the compliant platform out of substantially vertical alignment with the well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel comprises adjusting the catenary mooring lines which define the position of the semisubmersible vessel.

47. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein driving the compliant platform out of substantially vertical alignment with the well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel comprises utilizing a dynamic positioning system including a set of thrusters.

48. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein establishing communication between the reservoir and the facility on the compliant platform comprises:

completing the well from the semisubmersible vessel through the production riser and installing a surface tree thereon before transfer to the compliant platform; and

connecting a surface tree provided at the top of the production riser to the facilities through a flexible flowline.

49. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 48 wherein transferring the production riser from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform further comprises attaching a buoyancy device to the production riser below the surface tree.

50. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 49 wherein transferring the production riser further comprises using a plurality of guylines connected between the production riser and the semisubmersible vessel and the compliant platform to draw the production riser adjacent the compliant platform.

51. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 49 wherein transferring the production riser further comprises using the self-righting moment of the buoyancy device to hold the production riser substantially in place while the compliant platform docked to the semisubmersible vessel is brought toward the production riser.

52. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 49 wherein installing a tension leg platform comprises installing a tension leg well jacket ("TLWJ") having an outboard, above water, well bay.

53. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a tension leg platform having a well bay accessible for laterally receiving production risers.

54. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a compliant tower bearing an outboard, above water, well bay.

55. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 45 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a floating production system ("FPS") having a well bay accessible for laterally receiving production risers.

56. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 1 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises docking a semisubmersible vessel to a floating production system and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over the selected well site comprises pulling the floating production system out of substantially vertical alignment with a well pattern and substantially vertically aligning a drilling derrick of the semisubmersible vessel over the selected well site by drawing the docked semisubmersible vessel with adjustments in a set of catenary mooring lines anchoring the floating production system.

57. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 1 wherein positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site comprises extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the compliant platform to align the drilling riser adjacent the compliant platform at the approximate position the production riser will ultimately be secured thereto.

58. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 57 wherein extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the compliant platform further comprises placing a central well bay semisubmersible vessel over a monopod configuration compliant platform.

59. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 58 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises securing the monopod with a plurality of guylines extending from the semisubmersible.

60. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 57 wherein extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the platform comprises extending a cantilevered deck supporting an end bay drilling derrick of a semisubmerible vessel over the well bay of the compliant platform.

61. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 57 wherein establishing communication between the reservoir and the facility on the compliant platform comprises:

completing the well through the production riser from the semisubmersible vessel after the production riser has been transferred and secured to the compliant platform; and

installing a surface tree on the production riser and connecting the surface tree to the facilities through a flexible flowline.

2. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from a deepwater offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform at a selected site;

b) restraining an offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site;

c) conducting drilling operations from the offshore drilling vessel through a substantially vertical drilling riser in communication with a well at the selected well site;

d) transferring from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform an assembled production riser which extends from the well adjacent an ocean floor to above an ocean surface;

e) securing the production riser to the compliant platform;

f) establishing communication between the reservoir and a facility on the compliant platform; and

g) repositioning the offshore drilling vessel over another selected well site and repeating steps (c) through (f) for each additional selected well site.

3. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 2 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises docking a semisubmersible vessel to the compliant platform and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site comprises driving the compliant platform out of substantial vertical alignment with a well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel and substantially vertically aligning a drilling derrick of the semisubmersible vessel over the selected well site within the well pattern and securing this position for drilling operations.

4. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein driving the compliant platform out of substantially vertical alignment with the well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel comprises adjusting the catenary mooring lines which define the position of the semisubmersible vessel.

5. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein driving the compliant platform out of substantially vertical alignment with the well pattern with the semisubmersible vessel comprises utilizing a dynamic positioning system including a set of thrusters.

6. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein establishing communication between the reservoir and the facility on the compliant platform comprises:

completing the well from the semisubmersible vessel through the production riser and installing a surface tree thereon before transfer to the compliant platform; and

connecting a surface tree provided by the production riser to the facilities through a flexible flowline.

7. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 6 wherein transferring the production riser from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform further comprises attaching a buoyancy device to the production riser below the surface tree.

8. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 7 wherein transferring the production riser further comprises using a plurality of guylines connected between the production riser and the semisubmersible vessel and the compliant platform to draw the production riser adjacent the compliant platform.

9. A method of establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 7 wherein transferring the production riser further comprises using the self-righting moment of the buoyancy device to hold the production riser substantially in place while the compliant platform docked to the semisubmersible vessel is brought toward the production riser.

10. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 7 wherein installing a tension leg platform comprises installing a tension leg well jacket ("TLWJ") having an outboard, above water, well bay.

11. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a tension leg platform having a well bay accessible for laterally receiving production risers.

12. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a compliant tower bearing an outboard, above water, well bay.

13. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 3 wherein installing a compliant platform at a selected site comprises installing a floating production system ("FPS") having a well bay accessible for laterally receiving production risers.

14. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 2 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises docking a semisubmersible vessel to a floating production system ("FPS") and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over the selected well site comprises pulling the FPS out of substantially vertical alignment with a well pattern and substantially vertically aligning a drilling derrick of the semisubmersible vessel over the selected well site by drawing the docked semisubmersible vessel with adjustments in a set of catenary mooring lines anchoring the FPS.

15. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 2 wherein positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site comprises extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the compliant platform to align the drilling riser adjacent the compliant platform at the approximate position the production riser will ultimately be secured thereto.

16. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 15 wherein extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the compliant platform further comprises placing a central well bay semisubmersible vessel over a monopod configuration compliant platform.

17. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 16 wherein restraining the offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform comprises securing the monopod with a plurality of guylines extending from the semisubmersible.

18. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 15 wherein extending the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel substantially over the platform comprises extending a cantilevered deck supporting an end bay drilling derrick of a semisubmersible vessel over the well bay of the compliant platform.

19. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 15 wherein establishing communication between the reservoir and the facility on the compliant platform comprises:

completing the well through the production riser from the semisubmersible vessel after the production riser has been transferred and secured to the comliant platform; and

installing a surface tree on the production riser and connecting the surface tree to the facilities through a flexible flowline.

20. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from a deepwater offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform at a selected location in substantially vertical alignment with a well pattern;

b) docking a semisubmersible vessel to the compliant platform and driving the joined semisubmersible vessel and compliant platform such that the compliant platform is edged out of alignment with the well pattern and the semisubmersible vessel is brought into substantially vertical alignment over a selected well site within the well pattern;

c) conducting drilling operations for a well at the selected well site from the semisubmersible vessel through a substantially vertical drilling riser;

d) replacing the drilling riser with a production riser which extends from the well at an ocean floor to above an ocean surface using the semisubmersible vessel;

e) completing the well through the production riser using the semisubmersible vessel;

f) transferring the completed production riser from the semisubmersible vessel to the compliant platform;

g) securing the production riser to the compliant platform through a dynamic tensioning device;

h) connecting a surface tree of the completed production riser to a facility on the compliant platform through a flexible flowline; and

i) positioning the semisubmersible vessel over another selected well site and repeating steps (c) through (h) for additional selected well sites.

21. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from a deepwater offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform having a laterally accessible well bay;

b) positioning a drilling derrick of a semisubmersible vessel substantially over the well bay of the compliant platform and restraining the movement of the compliant platform with respect to the semisubmersible vessel;

c) conducting drilling operations for a well at an ocean floor from the semisubmersible vessel through a substantially vertical drilling riser supported by the semisubmersible vessel adjacent the well bay of the compliant tower;

d) replacing the drilling riser with a production riser which extends from the well at the ocean floor to the semisubmersible vessel;

e) transferring the production riser from the semisubmersible vessel to the well bay of the compliant platform;

f) securing the production riser to the compliant platform through a dynamic tensioning device;

g) completing the well through the production riser using the drilling derrick of the semisubmersible vessel;

h) connecting a surface tree of the completed production riser to a facility on the compliant platform through a flexible flowline;

i) positioning the semisubmersible vessel over another selected well site and repeating steps (b) through (h) for additional selected well sites.

22. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from an offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform at a selected site;

b) docking an offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform and positioning the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site on the ocean floor;

c) conducting drilling operations from the offshore drilling vessel through a substantially vertical riser which extends from a well at the selected well site to the offshore drilling vessel;

d) transferring the riser from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform;

e) securing the riser to the compliant platform through a dynamic tensioning device;

f) establishing communication between a surface completion of the riser and facilities on the compliant platform; and

g) relocating the offshore vessel over another selected well site and repeating steps (c) through (f) for additional selected well sites.

23. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 22 wherein installing a deepwater compliant platform comprises installing a tension leg platform (TLP) having an outboard, above water, well bay.

24. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 23 wherein installing a TLP comprises installing a monopod having a plurality of outboard, above water, peripherally receiving riser tensioners.

25. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 22 wherein installing a deepwater compliant platform comprises installing a floating production system bearing an outboard, above water, well bay.

26. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 22 wherein installing a deepwater compliant platform comprises installing a compliant tower bearing an outboard, above water, well bay.

27. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 22 wherein docking the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform over a selected well site further comprises driving the compliant platform out of vertical alignment with the well pattern and vertically aligning a drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site within the well pattern and securing this position for drilling operations.

28. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 27 wherein driving the compliant platform out of vertical alignment with the well pattern and vertically aligning the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site within the well pattern comprises adjusting a lateral mooring system which controls the position of the docked, combined offshore drilling vessel and compliant platform.

29. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 27 wherein driving the compliant platform out of vertical alignment with the well pattern and vertically aligning the drilling derrick of the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site within the well pattern comprises dynamically positioning the offshore drilling vessel with thrusters.

30. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 22 wherein docking the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform further comprises providing a semisubmersible vessel having an inboard drilling derrick and a strut/pontoon configuration which allows above water, lateral passage of a riser from the vessel for transfer to the compliant platform.

31. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 30 wherein conducting drilling operations from the offshore drilling vessel further comprises completing the well and installing a surface tree and transferring the riser from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform comprises laterally passing the riser from the offshore drilling vessel to a laterally receiving riser tensioning system on the compliant platform.

32. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 31 wherein transferring the riser from the offshore drilling vessel further comprises connecting a buoyancy device to the riser below the surface tree.

33. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 32 wherein securing the riser to the compliant platform further comprises connecting the riser to an above water dynamic tensioning device and removing the buoyancy device from the riser.

34. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 32 wherein securing the riser to the compliant platform through a dynamic tensioning device includes maintaining the buoyancy device on the riser in support of tensioning the riser.

35. A method for developing deepwater hydrocarbon reserves comprising:

a) providing production facilities on a compliant platform positioned to serve a plurality of well sites arranged substantially vertically therebeneath on the ocean floor;

b) providing non-dedicated drilling operations on an offshore drilling vessel;

c) docking the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform;

d) displacing the compliant platform with the offshore drilling vessel as necessary to place a derrick of the offshore drilling vessel in substantially vertical alignment with a selected well site;

e) drilling a well at the selected well site with the offshore drilling vessel through a substantially vertical drilling riser;

f) completing the well through a production riser and installing a surface tree on the top of the production riser;

g) laterally transferring the production riser, which extends from the well at the ocean floor to above an ocean surface, from the offshore drilling vessel to a laterally receiving riser tensioning system on the platform;

h) establishing communication between the surface tree of the production riser and facilities on the compliant platform;

i) shifting the offshore drilling vessel to a position in which the offshore drilling vessel is substantially in vertical alignment with another well site; and

j) repeating steps (c) through (i) as set forth above until each of the desired wells is drilled and placed in communication with the facilities on the compliant platform.

36. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons from offshore reservoirs, said method comprising:

installing a tension leg well jacket at a selected site;

drilling and completing a well at a selected position within a pattern about the base of the tension leg well jacket using a semisubmersible vessel temporarily docked to the tension leg well jacket;

laterally transferring from the semisubmersible vessel to riser tensioners supported by the tension leg well jacket, a surface accessible production riser which extends from the well adjacent an ocean floor to above an ocean surface; and

connecting a surface tree at the top of the production riser to a production facility carried on the tension leg well jacket.

37. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production in accordance with claim 36, further comprising shifting the semisubmersible vessel over another selected well site within the pattern about the base of the tension leg well jacket and repeating the drilling, completion, transferring and connection steps set forth above until the desired wells have been drilled and completed with the facilities on the semisubmersible vessel and are secured to the TLWJ for production operations.

38. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 37 wherein the well is completed and provided with a surface tree before laterally transferring the production riser.

39. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 37 wherein the production riser is laterally transferred from the semisubmersible vessel to the riser tensioner supported by the tension leg well jacket before the well is completed using the semisubmersible vessel.

40. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons from offshore reservoirs, said method comprising:

installing a tension leg well jacket at a selected site;

drilling and completing a well at a selected position within a pattern about the base of the tension leg well jacket using a semisubmersible vessel temporarily docked to the tension leg well jacket;

laterally transferring from the semisubmersible vessel to riser tensioners supported by the tension leg well jacket a surface accessible, completed production riser in communication with the well extending to the well at a lower end and projecting above an ocean surface at an upper end;

connecting a surface tree at the top of the production riser to a production facility carried on the tension leg well jacket; and

shifting the semisubmersible vessel over another selected well site within the pattern about the base of the TLP and repeating the drilling, completion, transferring and connection steps set forth above until the desired wells have been drilled and completed with the facilities on the semisubmersible vessel and are secured to the tension leg well jacket for production operations.

41. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 40 wherein laterally transferring the surface accessible completed production riser comprises:

attaching a buoyancy device to the production riser below the surface tree; and

drawing the production riser adjacent the tension leg well jacket with guylines connected between the production riser and the semisubmersible vessel and the tension leg well jacket.

42. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 40 wherein laterally transferring the surface accessible completed production riser comprises:

supporting the production riser with a buoyancy device attached below the surface tree;

using the self-righting moment of the buoyancy device to hold the production riser substantially in place while the tension leg well jacket docked to the semisubmersible vessel is maneuvered toward the production riser; and

drawing the completed production riser into place in the TLWJ well bay with guylines connected between the production riser, and the semisubmersible vessel and the tension leg well jacket.

43. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 40 wherein drilling and completing the well further comprises conducting drilling operations through a drilling riser and replacing the drilling riser with a production riser for completion operations.

44. A method for establishing production of hydrocarbons in accordance with claim 40 wherein drilling operations are conducted through a riser serving as a drilling riser and the completion operations are conducted through said riser serving as a production riser.

62. A method for establishing hydrocarbon production from an offshore reservoir, comprising:

a) installing a compliant platform at a selected offshore location and anchoring the compliant platform to the ocean floor;

b) an offshore drilling vessel with respect to the compliant platform and positioning at least a portion of the offshore drilling vessel over a selected well site;

c) conducting well drilling operations from the offshore drilling vessel through a substantially vertical drilling riser to drill a well into the ocean floor to the offshore reservoir;

d) removing the drilling riser and installing an assembled production riser that extends substantially vertically from the top of the well to above the ocean surface;

e) transferring the support for the assembled production riser from the offshore drilling vessel to the compliant platform;

f) securing the upper end of the production riser under tension to the compliant platform; and

g) establishing communication between the reservoir and a facility on the compliant platform.