Method for reducing volume of a radioactive composition

• US 5,202,100 A
• Filed: 11/07/1991
• Issued: 04/13/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Quantum Catalytics LLC
• Original Assignee: Molten Metal Technology Incorporated
• Inventors: Nagel, Christopher J., Bach, Robert D., Haney, William M. III
• Primary Examiner(s): Wasil, Daniel D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MAI, NGOCLAN THI
• Application Number:
  US07/788,804
• Time in Patent Office: 523 Days
• Field of Search: 252/626, 423/2, 423/5, 423/19, 423/DIG. 20, 75/393, 75/402, 110/237
• US Class Current: 423/5
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 60/02 Obtaining thorium, uranium, or other actinides
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 60/0213 by dry processes
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 7/002 by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/20 Recycling

Abstract

A method is disclosed for reducing the volume of a radioactive composition by separating a radioactive first component from a second component of the radioactive composition. The method includes directing the radioactive composition into a reaction zone. The reaction zone includes a molten bath, wherein oxidation of a component of the radioactive composition in the molten bath will cause separation of the radioactive first component from the second component. An oxidizing agent is directed into the molten bath, which oxidizes a component of the radioactive composition, whereby the radioactive first component is separated from the second component. The net volume of the radioactive composition is thereby reduced.

Claims

1. A method for separating a radioactive first component from a second component of a radioactive composition, comprising the steps of:

a) directing the radioactive composition into a reaction zone, the reaction zone including a first molten metal phase and a second phase, wherein oxidation of a component of the radioactive composition in the first molten metal phase will cause migration of a component of the radioactive composition from the first molten metal phase to the second phase; and

b) directing a first oxidizing agent into the first molten metal phase, whereby a component of the radioactive composition is oxidized, causing migration of a component of the radioactive composition from the first.

2. A method of claim 1, further comprising the step of forming the reaction zone.

3. A method of claim 2, wherein the reaction zone includes a gaseous second phase.

4. A method of claim 3, wherein the first oxidizing agent oxidizes the radioactive first component of the radioactive composition.

5. A method of claim 4, wherein the reaction zone causes the oxidized radioactive first component to volatilize, whereby said radioactive first component migrates from said first molten metal phase to said gaseous second phase, thereby separating the oxidized radioactive first component from the second component.

6. A method of claim 2, wherein the reaction zone formed includes a second molten phase, whereby oxidized component formed in the first molten phase migrates from the first molten phase to the second molten phase.

7. A method of claim 6, wherein the first molten metal phase includes a first metal.

8. A method of claim 7, wherein the second molten phase of the reaction zone formed includes a metal oxide.

9. A method of claim 7, wherein the second molten phase of the reaction zone formed includes a salt.

10. A method of claim 7, wherein the second molten phase formed includes a second metal, whereby the second molten phase is substantially immiscible in the first molten metal phase.

11. A method of claim 2, wherein the first oxidizing agent oxidizes the second component of the radioactive composition.

12. A method of claim 11, wherein the reaction zone causes the oxidized second component to volatilize, thereby separating the oxidized second component from the radioactive first component.

13. A method of claim 12, wherein the second component includes a radioactive component.

14. A method of claim 6, wherein the first oxidizing agent reacts with the radioactive composition to form an intermediate component.

15. A method of claim 14, wherein the first oxidizing agent reacts with the radioactive first component of the radioactive composition to form the intermediate component.

16. A method of claim 14, wherein the first oxidizing agent reacts with the second component of the radioactive composition to form the intermediate component.

17. A method of claim 14, wherein the intermediate component which is formed migrates to the second molten phase and reacts with a second oxidizing agent in the second molten phase to form an oxidized product.

18. A method of claim 17, wherein the first oxidizing agent includes a halogen.

19. A method of claim 18, wherein the second oxidizing agent includes an oxygen-containing compound.

20. A method of claim 18, wherein the second oxidizing agent includes a fluorine-containing compound.

21. A method of claim 18, wherein the second oxidizing agent includes a Group I metal.

22. A method of claim 18 wherein the second oxidizing agent includes a Group II metal.

23. A method for separating a radioactive first component from a second component of a radioactive composition, comprising the steps of:

a) directing the radioactive composition into a reaction zone, the reaction zone including a first molten metal phase and a second phase, in which a substantial portion of the radioactive composition dissolves in the first molten metal phase, and wherein oxidization of a dissolved component of the radioactive composition in the molten bath will cause migration of a component of the radioactive composition from the first molten metal phase to the second phase; and

b) directing a first oxidizing agent into the first molten metal phase, whereby a dissolved component of the radioactive composition is oxidized, causing migration of a component of the radioactive composition from the first molten metal phase to the second phase, thereby separating the radioactive first component from the second component.

24. A method for separating a radioactive first component from a second component of a radioactive composition, comprising the steps of:

a) directing the radioactive composition into a reaction zone, the reaction zone including a molten bath with a first molten phase and a second molten phase, wherein oxidation of the radioactive first component of the radioactive composition in the molten bath will cause separation of the radioactive first component from the second component; and

b) directing a first oxidizing agent into the molten bath, whereby a radioactive component of the radioactive composition is oxidized, thereby causing separation of the radioactive first component from the second component by migrating from the first molten phase to the second molten phase.

25. A method of claim 24, wherein the first molten phase includes a first metal.

26. A method of claim 25, wherein the second molten phase of the reaction zone formed includes a metal oxide.

27. A method for reducing the volume of a radioactive composition by separating a radioactive first component from a second component of the radioactive composition, comprising the steps of:

a) directing the radioactive composition into a reaction zone, the reaction zone including a molten bath with a first molten phase and a second molten phase, wherein oxidation of a second component of the radioactive composition in the molten bath will cause separation of the radioactive first component from the second component; and

b) directing a first oxidizing agent into the molten bath, whereby the second component of the radioactive composition is oxidized, thereby causing separation of the second component from the radioactive first component by migrating from the first molten phase to the second molten phase.

28. A method of claim 27 wherein the first molten phase includes a first metal.

29. A method of claim 28 wherein the second molten phase of the reaction zone formed includes a metal oxide.