Eye movement and pupil diameter apparatus and method

• US 5,204,703 A
• Filed: 06/11/1991
• Issued: 04/20/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 06/11/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
• Original Assignee: The Center For Innovative Technology
• Inventors: Hutchinson, Thomas E., Spetz, Kevin S., Desai, Nirav R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bovernick, Rodney B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, THONG Q
• Application Number:
  US07/713,969
• Time in Patent Office: 679 Days
• Field of Search: 351/212, 351/243, 351/206-210, 351/246-247, 354/62, 128/731-745, 128/782
• US Class Current: 351/210
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/11 for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/113 for determining or recording eye movement
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/013 Eye tracking input arrangements G06F3/015 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/193 Preprocessing; Feature extraction

Abstract

A subject'"'"'s eye movement and pupil diameter are measured while the subject is exposed to visual stimuli. The apparatus and method utilizes an eye-look detector to determine a subject'"'"'s visual examination of a presented image and by computer recording an analysis superimposes icons representing the lookpoints over the image. The apparatus and method are not only of value in running routine tests but also may be used for new experiments.

Claims

1. An apparatus for testing the eye response of a subject to test stimuli comprising:

a presentation device for presenting an image to a subject as a test stimuli;

an eye-look detector for detecting a series of lookpoints of the parts of said image being viewed by said subject; and

a computer including a storage device for recording said lookpoints and a program having a means for determining said lookpoints, a means for correlating said lookpoints to locations on said image, and a means for superimposing said lookpoints on said image for review.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said eyelook detector is located remotely to the body of said subject.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said eyelook detector includes an infrared sensitive video camera and LED source that backlights the subject'"'"'s pupil by the bright eye effect and creates a glint on subject'"'"'s cornea and said program includes means for determining the center of said pupil and the distance and direction between the pupil'"'"'s center and the glint.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said presentation device is a computer screen display.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said program includes means for establishing an area of interest in said visual image and means for determining said lookpoints that fall within said area of interest.

6. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein multiple images are presented on said presentation device and said program includes means for permitting a comparison between the subject'"'"'s responses to the different images.

7. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said video camera is utilized to capture and enter images into said apparatus.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said program includes means that determine a subject'"'"'s pupil diameter simultaneously with the determination of a lookpoint.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said program includes a means that develops a graph of said lookpoints and pupil diameters measured during a test.

10. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said program includes means that display an icon representing a lookpoint superimposed on said image and simultaneously displays the pupil diameter of said lookpoint.

11. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said program includes means that develops a summary of the number of points, the pupil diameter and the standard deviation of the size of the pupil and presents said information in display format.

12. A method for testing the eye response of a subject to test stimuli comprising the following steps:

displaying to the subject an image as a test stimuli;

determining by an eyelook detector a series of lookpoints of where said subject is looking on said image;

recording said series of lookpoints in a computer storage device; and

superimposing said series of lookpoints onto said image after the test.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of determination of said series of lookpoints include shining an infrared light into the subject'"'"'s pupil from an LED mounted coaxially with an infrared sensitive video camera creating a glint on subject'"'"'s cornea and calculating the lookpoints from the distance and direction between the center of the pupil and the glint.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the step of displaying of the image is carried out by displaying the image on a computer screen.

15. The method of claim 13 which includes the steps of placing a box around an area of interest on said images and determining the lookpoints that fall with said box.

16. The method of claim 12 which includes the steps of displaying multiple images simultaneously and comparing the subject'"'"'s response to the various images.

17. The method of claim 13 which includes the step of creating the images by capturing and entering the image using said infrared sensitive video camera.

18. The method of claim 12 which includes the step of determining the subject'"'"'s pupil diameter simultaneously with determining the lookpoint.

19. The method of claim 18 which includes the step of presenting a graph of said lookpoints and pupil diameters measured during the test.

20. The method of claim 18 which includes the step of summarizing on a display the number of lookpoints, the pupil diameter and the standard deviation of the size of the pupil.