Three-dimensional computer graphics simulation and computerized numerical optimization for dose delivery and treatment planning
First Claim
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1. A method of optimizing dose delivery involving stereotactic computer techniques comprising the steps of:
- 1) generating and displaying graphic simulation of a predetermined volume to be dosed from image data obtained from a single one of a plurality of imaging scanners;
2) providing a stereotactic frame and thereby establishing three-dimensional coordinates about the predetermined volume to be dosed;
3) determining an enclosing volume circumscribing said predetermined volume to be dosed;
4) meshing said enclosing volume with node points;
5) providing problem variables relating to dosage;
6) calculating the dose to be delivered to each of said node points;
7) formulating an objective function for evaluating the dosage;
8) solving a numerical optimization algorithm minimizing the objective function;
9) repeating steps
7) and
8) until said problem variables are optimized; and
wherein the step of determining an enclosing volume circumscribing the predetermined volume to be dosed further comprises the steps of;
1) graphically simulating a calculated tumor volume as said predetermined volume;
2) calculating the centroid and major axis dimension of said calculated tumor volume; and
3) calculating and providing an enclosing volume with said centroid of said tumor volume at the center of the enclosing volume, said enclosing volume enclosing said tumor volume plus a nonpathologic margin.
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Abstract
An optimized dose delivery system using computer graphics simulation techniques and computerized numerical optimization. A volume, such as a tumor volume, is graphically simulated and meshed with node points. The dose delivery is calculated depending upon input variables, deriving an objective function related to dose efficacy. A numerical optimization algorithm optimizes the input variables based upon such objective function.
226 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A method of optimizing dose delivery involving stereotactic computer techniques comprising the steps of:
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1) generating and displaying graphic simulation of a predetermined volume to be dosed from image data obtained from a single one of a plurality of imaging scanners; 2) providing a stereotactic frame and thereby establishing three-dimensional coordinates about the predetermined volume to be dosed; 3) determining an enclosing volume circumscribing said predetermined volume to be dosed; 4) meshing said enclosing volume with node points; 5) providing problem variables relating to dosage; 6) calculating the dose to be delivered to each of said node points; 7) formulating an objective function for evaluating the dosage; 8) solving a numerical optimization algorithm minimizing the objective function; 9) repeating steps
7) and
8) until said problem variables are optimized; andwherein the step of determining an enclosing volume circumscribing the predetermined volume to be dosed further comprises the steps of; 1) graphically simulating a calculated tumor volume as said predetermined volume; 2) calculating the centroid and major axis dimension of said calculated tumor volume; and 3) calculating and providing an enclosing volume with said centroid of said tumor volume at the center of the enclosing volume, said enclosing volume enclosing said tumor volume plus a nonpathologic margin. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A apparatus for optimizing dose delivery involving stereotactic computer techniques comprising:
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means for generating and displaying a graphic simulation of a predetermined volume to be dosed from image data obtained from a single one of a plurality or imaging scanners; stereotactic frame means for establishing three-dimensional coordinates about the predetermined volume to be dosed; means for determining an enclosing volume circumscribing said predetermined volume to be dosed; means for meshing said enclosing volume with node points; means for providing problem variables relating to dosage; means for calculating the dose to be delivered to each of said node points; means for formulating an objective function for evaluating the dosage; means for solving a numerical optimization algorithm minimizing the objective function; and wherein said means for determining an enclosing volume circumscribing the predetermined volume to be dosed comprises; means for graphically simulating a calculated tumor volume as said predetermined volume; means for calculating the centroid and major axis dimension of said calculated tumor volume; and means for calculating and providing an enclosing volume with said centroid of said tumor volume at the center of the enclosing volume, said enclosing volume enclosing said tumor volume plus a nonpathologic margin. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. The apparatus of claim 27 wherein said means for formulating an objective function comprises assigning status factors to the nodes as follows:
- (1) a value of +P for nodes inside the predetermined volume and dead, (2) a value of -1 for nodes inside the predetermined volume and alive, (3) a value of -1 for nodes outside the predetermined volume and dead, and (4) a value of 0 for nodes outside the predetermined volume and alive, wherein;
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">P=e-(D.sub.i -D.sub.o).sup.2/δ
.sup.2Di =Radiation dose at node i, Do =Predetermined dose, and δ
=decay factor.
- (1) a value of +P for nodes inside the predetermined volume and dead, (2) a value of -1 for nodes inside the predetermined volume and alive, (3) a value of -1 for nodes outside the predetermined volume and dead, and (4) a value of 0 for nodes outside the predetermined volume and alive, wherein;
Specification