Battery utilizing ceramic membranes

• US 5,208,121 A
• Filed: 06/18/1991
• Issued: 05/04/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (University of Wisconsin System)
• Original Assignee: Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (University of Wisconsin System)
• Inventors: Yahnke, Mark S., Anderson, Marc A., Shlomo, Golan
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US07/717,789
• Time in Patent Office: 686 Days
• Field of Search: 429/162, 429/247
• US Class Current: 429/162
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/287 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment H01M10/283 and H01M10/286 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0014 Alkaline electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/434 Ceramics
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/12 with flat electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A thin film battery is disclosed based on the use of ceramic membrane technology. The battery includes a pair of conductive collectors on which the materials for the anode and the cathode may be spin coated. The separator is formed of a porous metal oxide ceramic membrane impregnated with electrolyte so that electrical separation is maintained while ion mobility is also maintained. The entire battery can be made less than 10 microns thick while generating a potential in the 1 volt range.

Claims

1. A thin film battery cell comprising

a cathode collector of conductive metal material;

a cathode surface deposited on the cathode collector;

a separator formed of a metal oxide porous ceramic membrane impregnated with an electrolyte; and

an anode formed of a metallic conductive metal;

wherein the cell is less than 10 microns in total thickness.

4. A thin film battery cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is aqueous potassium hydroxide.

5. A thin film battery cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cathode surface is a spin coated surface of particles of manganese dioxide.

6. A thin film battery cell as claimed in claim 4 wherein manganese dioxide surface is mixed with graphite.

7. A thin film battery cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein the anode is a spin coated surface of zinc powder formed onto a metal film collector.

2. A thin film battery cell comprising

a cathode collector of conductive metal material;

a cathode surface deposited on the cathode collector;

a separator formed of a gamma-alumina porous ceramic membrane impregnated with an electrolyte; and

an anode formed of a metallic conductive metal.

3. A thin film battery cell as claimed in claim 2 wherein alumina membrane is less than 5 microns thick.

8. A thin film battery comprising

a cathode collector of conductive metal foil;

a cathode surface of spin coated manganese dioxide particles deposited on the cathode collector foil, the manganese dioxide being mixed with graphite, the thickness of the cathode surface being less than 3 micron;

a separator formed of an alumina oxide porous ceramic membrane fired at a temperature of up to 500°

C. and impregnated with an electrolyte;

an anode collector of conductive metal foil; and

an anode surface of zinc particles deposited on the anode collector.