Electrical tilt switch

• US 5,209,343 A
• Filed: 01/21/1992
• Issued: 05/11/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Comus International
• Original Assignee: Comus International
• Inventors: Weaver, James L., Romano, Robert P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Scott, J. R.
• Application Number:
  US07/822,641
• Time in Patent Office: 476 Days
• Field of Search: 200/61.45 R-61.53, 200/DIG. 29, 200/277-277.2, 200/61.83
• US Class Current: 200/61.52
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 35/02 Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field tilting mercury container H01H29/20; change of position due to change of liquid level H01H35/18
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 9/547 Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former

Abstract

A tilt switch having at least one conductive weight held within an inert atmosphere within a housing. The weight being free moving within the housing, moving from one end of the housing to the other as the angle of inclination of the housing is changed. At one end of the housing are positioned the contact points of at least two terminals. As the weight abuts against the terminals, electricity is conducted through the weight from one terminal to the other; thus completing a circuit. The terminals may be shaped, or the number of conductive weights increased, to increase the area of contact between the weights and the terminals. The increased surface area results in a more reliable tilt switch that has increased performance characteristics and a higher power capacity.

Claims

1. A tilt switch for opening and closing an electric circuit in accordance with the angle of inclination of said switch, comprising:

a cavity formed within a conductive housing, said cavity enclosing an atmosphere that is inert to conductive materials;

at least one free moving spherical weight, having a predetermined radius of curvature and a conductive circumferential surface, positioned in said cavity, said at least one spherical weight moving to an operating position within said cavity when said at least one spherical weight is biased by gravity to said operating position by the angle of inclination of said housing; and

at least one conductive terminal positioned at said operating position, wherein said at least one conductive terminal has an arcuate groove of said predetermined radius of curvature disposed thereon, said at least one spherical weight engaging said arcuate groove at said operating position electrically coupling said at least one conductive terminal to said conductive housing, thereby completing said electric circuit.

2. The tilt switch of claim 1, wherein said at least one spherical weight includes a plurality of balls, each of said plurality of balls having a conductive circumferential surface, electrically coupling said conductive housing to said at least one conductive terminal when at said operating position.

3. The tilt switch of claim 1, wherein said housing means includes a substantially tubular member formed from a conductive material, said tubular member having a first and second closed end enclosing said cavity, said first closed end having a conductive connector extending therethrough that is electrically insulated from said tubular member, said conductive connector having said arcuate groove disposed thereon, whereby said at least one spherical weight contacts both said tubular member and said arcuate groove on said conductive connector, completing said electrical circuit, when said at least one spherical weight is at said operating position.

4. The tilt switch of claim 3, wherein said tubular member and said conductive connector are symmetrically disposed around a common axis and wherein said arcuate groove is annularly positioned around said common axis on said conductive connector, enabling said at least one spherical weight to engage said arcuate groove regardless to the rotation of said tubular member around said common axis.

5. The tilt switch of claim 3, wherein a plurality of spherical weights contact said tubular member and said annular groove on said conductive connector simultaneously when said plurality of spherical weights are at said operating position, each of said plurality of being electrically coupled to each other, said tubular member and said arcuate groove.

6. The tilt switch of claim 5, further including a delay means for preventing said at least one spherical weight from engaging and disengaging said arcuate groove until said tubular member is inclined in excess of a predetermined angle.

7. An electric tilt switch for opening or closing an electric circuit in accordance with the angle of inclination of said switch, comprising:

a cavity formed within a housing means, said cavity enclosing an atmosphere that is inert to conductive materials;

at least one spherical weight having a predetermined radius of curvature and being freely movable within said cavity, said at least one spherical weight moving to an operating position within said cavity when said at least one weight is biased by gravity to said operating position by the angle of inclination of said housing means; and

a plurality of parallel conductive pins positioned at said operating position within said cavity, each of said conductive pins terminating along a common arcuate curve, wherein said arcuate curve has a radius of curvature generally equivalent to said predetermined radius of curvature of said at least one spherical weight, said at least one spherical weight contacting and electrically coupling each of said plurality of parallel conductive pins along said arcate curve completing closing said electric circuit, when said at least one spherical weight is at said operating position

8. The tilt switch of claim 7, further including an obstructing means for obstructing said at least one spherical weight in said cavity, said obstructing means preventing said at least one spherical weight from engaging and disengaging said plurality of conductor pins until said housing means is inclined in excess of a predetermined angle.

9. The tilt switch of claim 7, wherein said housing means and said plurality of parallel conductive pins are symmetrically disposed around a central axis, enabling said at least one spherical weight to contact said plurality of parallel conductive pins at said operating position regardless to any rotation of said housing means around said central axis.

10. The tilt switch of claim 9, wherein at least three parallel conductive pins are disposed at said operating position within said cavity, said at least one spherical weight contacting each of said at least three parallel conductive pins simultaneously when at said operating position, thereby electrically interconnecting said at least three parallel conductive pins.

11. The tilt switch of claim 10, wherein each of said at least three parallel conductive pins terminate at an end point, wherein each end point is contoured to said predetermined radius of curvature.

12. An electric tilt switch for opening or closing an electric circuit in accordance with the angle of inclination of said switch, comprising:

a housing having a cavity disposed therein, said cavity enclosing an atmosphere that is inert to conductive materials;

a plurality of parallel conductive rails positioned within said cavity and symmetrically disposed around a central axis, thereby encircling a defined area;

an insulated region within said cavity; and

at least one conductive sphere freely movable within said cavity between said insulated region and said conductive rails, said conductive sphere rolling from said insulated region into said defined area, contacting at least two of said conductive rails and completing said electric circuit, as said housing is inclined beyond a predetermined angle.

13. The tilt switch of claim 12, further including an obstructing means for obstructing the passage of said at least one conductive sphere from between said insulated region and said conductive rails until said housing is inclined beyond said predetermined angle.

14. The tilt switch of claim 13, wherein said obstructing means includes a ramp structure within said insulated region, said ramp structure preventing said at least one conductive sphere from rolling onto said conductive rails until said housing is inclined in excess of said predetermined angle, thereby causing said at least one conductive sphere to traverse said ramp structure.

15. The tilt switch of claim 14, wherein said housing is generally cylindrical and disposed around said central axis, said ramp structure being annularly disposed within said housing thereby being operative in obstructing said at least one conductive sphere regardless to a rotation of said housing around said central axis.

16. The tilt switch of claim 12, wherein said plurality of parallel conductive rails extend into said cavity substantially the length of said cavity, said at least one conductive sphere being positioned within said defined area encircled by said conductive rails wherein said at least one conductive sphere rolls along at least two of said conductor rails within said cavity, said conductive rails being coated with a dielectric material within said insulated region, whereby as said at least one weight rolls upon said dielectric material there is no electrical contact between said at least one conductive sphere and said conductive rails.

17. The tilt switch of claim 16 wherein said dielectric material obstructs the movement of said at least one conductive sphere along said conductive rails, said dielectric material preventing said at least one conductive sphere from rolling between said insulated region and said conductive rails until said housing means is inclined in excess of said predetermined angle.

18. A tilt switch for opening or closing an electric circuit in accordance with the angle of inclination of said switch, comprising:

a housing having a cavity disposed therein;

at least one conductive sphere being freely movable within said cavity, said at least one conductive sphere moving to an operating position within said cavity when said at least one conductive sphere is biased by gravity to said operating position by the angle of inclination of said housing;

a plurality of flexible conductive connectors extending within said cavity proximate said operating position, said flexible conductive connectors being symmetrically disposed around a central axis, thereby encircling a defined area, wherein as said at least one conductive sphere rolls within said defined area, said at least one conductive sphere contacts and deforms one of said flexible conductive connectors which resists the advancement of said at least one conductive sphere into said defined area, said at least one conductive sphere advancing within said defined area and contacting at least two of said flexible conductive connectors completing said electric circuit as said housing is inclined in excess of a predetermined angle.

19. The tilt switch according to claim 18, wherein said plurality of flexible conductive connectors diverge from said operating position, whereby said defined area narrows proximate said operating position.