Method and device for detecting and separating voices in a complex musical composition
First Claim
1. A sound signal analyzer for automatic detection and separation of a single voice in a complex musical composition comprising(a) waveform signal conversion means responsive to an electrical waveform signal having a frequency corresponding to the frequency of an audible sound wave for the complex musical composition for converting the electrical waveform signal to a complex frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition;
- (b) frequency spectrum representation comparison means responsive to the complex frequency spectrum representation derived by said conversion means for comparing the complex frequency spectrum representation to predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by a single instrument included in the complex musical composition;
(c) single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means responsive to said frequency spectrum representation comparison means for detecting the presence of a predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a note capable of being produced by the single instrument; and
(d) frequency spectrum representation separation means responsive to the predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation detected by the single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means for separating the detected steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation and respective complex frequency spectrum representations in growth and decay periods of the note corresponding to the detected frequency spectrum representation, said steady-state, growth and decay frequency spectrum representations, in combination, defining a measured waveform envelope representation.
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Abstract
A system and method for detecting, separating and recording the individual voices in a musical composition performed by a plurality of instruments. The electrical waveform signal for the multi-voiced musical composition is fed to a waveform signal converter to convert the waveform signal to a frequency spectrum representation. The frequency spectrum representation is fed to a frequency spectrum comparator where it is compared to predetermined steady-state frequency spectrum representations for a particular musical instrument. Upon detecting the presence of a frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a predetermined steady-state frequency spectrum representation, the detected frequency spectrum representation and measured growth and decay frequency spectrum representations are fed to a waveform envelope comparator and compared to predetermined waveform envelopes, i.e. frequency spectrum representations during the growth, steady-state and decay periods of the waveform signal. Upon detecting the presence of a waveform envelope corresponding to a predetermined waveform envelope, the steady-state and transient properties of the detected frequency spectrum representation are recorded and converted to an electrical waveform signal for output as music data for an individual voice.
119 Citations
52 Claims
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1. A sound signal analyzer for automatic detection and separation of a single voice in a complex musical composition comprising
(a) waveform signal conversion means responsive to an electrical waveform signal having a frequency corresponding to the frequency of an audible sound wave for the complex musical composition for converting the electrical waveform signal to a complex frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition; -
(b) frequency spectrum representation comparison means responsive to the complex frequency spectrum representation derived by said conversion means for comparing the complex frequency spectrum representation to predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by a single instrument included in the complex musical composition; (c) single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means responsive to said frequency spectrum representation comparison means for detecting the presence of a predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a note capable of being produced by the single instrument; and (d) frequency spectrum representation separation means responsive to the predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation detected by the single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means for separating the detected steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation and respective complex frequency spectrum representations in growth and decay periods of the note corresponding to the detected frequency spectrum representation, said steady-state, growth and decay frequency spectrum representations, in combination, defining a measured waveform envelope representation. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11)
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10. A sound signal analyzer as in claim 10 further including clock means for sequentially cuing the complex frequency spectrum representations derived by the waveform signal conversion means and filtered by said filtering means.
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12. A voice detection and separation system for detecting and separating a single voice in a complex musical composition comprising
(i) sound wave conversion means responsive to audible sound waves of the complex musical composition for converting the sound waves into an electrical waveform signal; -
(ii) amplifier means for amplifying the electrical waveform signal derived by said sound wave conversion means; and (iii) a sound signal analyzer comprising; (a) waveform signal conversion means responsive to the amplified electrical waveform signal for converting the electrical waveform signal to a complex frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition, (b) frequency spectrum representation comparison means responsive to the complex frequency spectrum representation derived by said waveform signal conversion means for comparing the complex frequency spectrum representation to predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by a single instrument included in the complex musical composition, (c) single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means responsive to said frequency spectrum representation comparison means for detecting the presence of a predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a note capable of being produced by the single instrument, and (d) frequency spectrum representation separation means responsive to the predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation detected by the single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means for separating the detected steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation and respective complex frequency spectrum representations in growth and decay periods of the note corresponding to the detected frequency spectrum representation, said steady-state, growth and decay frequency spectrum representations, in combination, defining a measured waveform envelope representation. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A voice detection and separation system for detecting and separating a voice in a complex musical composition comprising
(i) sound wave conversion means responsive to audible sound wave of the complex musical composition for converting the sound waves into an electrical waveform signal; -
(ii) amplifier means for amplifying the electrical waveform signal derived by said sound wave conversion means; and (iii) a sound signal analyzer comprising; (a) waveform signal conversion means responsive to the amplified electrical waveform signal frequency corresponding to the frequency of an audible sound wave for the complex musical for converting the electrical waveform signal to a complex frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition, (b) frequency spectrum representation comparison means responsive to the complex frequency spectrum representation derived by said conversion means for comparing the complex frequency spectrum representation to predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by a single instrument included in the complex musical composition, (c) single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means responsive to said frequency spectrum representation comparison means for detecting the presence of a predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a note capable of being produced by the single instrument, (d) frequency spectrum representation separation means responsive to the predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation detected by the single-voice frequency spectrum representation detection means for separating the detected steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation and respective complex frequency spectrum representations in growth and decay periods of the note corresponding to the detected frequency spectrum representation, said steady-state, growth and decay frequency spectrum representations, in combination, defining a measured waveform envelope representation, (e) waveform envelope representation comparison means responsive to the measured waveform envelope representation for comparing the measured waveform envelope representation to predetermined single-voice waveform envelope representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by the single instrument, (f) waveform envelope representation detection means responsive to said waveform envelope representation comparison means for detecting the presence of a predetermined single-voice waveform envelope representation corresponding to the note depicted by the steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation included in the measured waveform envelope representation, and (g) waveform envelope representation separation means responsive to the waveform envelope representation detected by the waveform envelope representation detection means for separating the detected single-voice waveform envelope representation. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A voice detecting and separation system for detecting and separating a single voice in a complex musical composition comprising
(i) signal generating means for generating a composition electrical waveform signal corresponding to audible sound waves of the complex musical composition, (ii) voice detecting and separating means connected to said signal generating means for detecting a voice electrical waveform signal corresponding to a tonal structure of an individual voice in the complex musical composition and for separating the detected voice electrical waveform signal from the composition electrical waveform signal, said voice detecting and separating means detecting the voice electrical waveform signal by comparing the composition electrical waveform signal to predetermined instantaneous and transient properties of tonal structure representations for the individual voice.
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44. A sound signal analyzer for detecting and separating individual voices in a composition electrical waveform signal corresponding to a tonal structure of a complex musical composition, said sound signal analyzer comprising
a waveform signal converter connected to the electrical waveform signal for the tonal structure of the complex musical composition comprising means to convert the electrical waveform signal into a frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition; -
at least one frequency spectrum comparator connected to the waveform signal converter comprising means to detect and separate a frequency spectrum representation for an individual voice in the complex musical composition; and at least one waveform envelope comparator corresponding in number to the frequency spectrum comparators and respectively connected to the frequency spectrum comparators comprising means to detect and separate a waveform envelope representation for the frequency spectrum representation for the individual voice detected and separated by the respective frequency spectrum comparators. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46)
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47. A method of detecting and separating individual voices in a complex musical composition comprising the steps of
generating an electrical waveform signal corresponding to a tonal structure of the complex musical composition; -
converting the electrical waveform signal into a frequency spectrum representation for the tonal structure of the complex musical composition; comparing the frequency spectrum representation for the tonal structure of the complex musical composition to a plurality of predetermined instantaneous frequency spectrum representations for at least one individual voice; separating a frequency spectrum representation for an individual voice from the frequency spectrum representation for the complex musical composition; comparing the transient properties of a waveform envelope of the separated frequency spectrum representation to a plurality of predetermined waveform envelope representations for at least one individual voice; and separating the frequency spectrum representation and the transient properties of the waveform envelope for the respective individual voices. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50)
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51. A method for automatically detecting and separating a single voice in a complex musical composition comprising
(a) converting audible sound waves of the complex musical composition to an electrical waveform signal; -
(b) converting the electrical waveform signal to a complex frequency spectrum representation; (c) comparing the complex frequency spectrum representation to predetermined steady-state, single voice frequency spectrum representations corresponding to notes capable of being produced by a single instrument of the complex musical composition; (d) detecting the presence of a predetermined steady-state, single-voice frequency spectrum representation corresponding to a note capable of being produced by the single instrument; and (e) separating the detected frequency spectrum representation and associated complex frequency spectrum representations in the respective growth and decay periods of the note corresponding to the detected frequency spectrum representation. - View Dependent Claims (52)
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Specification