Optical scanner with extended depth of focus

• US 5,210,398 A
• Filed: 06/14/1991
• Issued: 05/11/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Symbol Technologies, Inc. (Zebra Technologies Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Symbol Technologies, Inc. (Zebra Technologies Corporation)
• Inventors: Metlitsky, Boris
• Primary Examiner(s): Shepperd, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chin, Esther
• Application Number:
  US07/717,771
• Time in Patent Office: 697 Days
• Field of Search: 235/462, 235/472, 235/467
• US Class Current: 235/462.24
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2207/1013 Multi-focal
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10574 Multiple sources
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10811 Focalisation

Abstract

An optical bar code scanner and method which achieves an extended depth of focus by employing a multifocal length collection optical system. A radiation beam is generated for illuminating a field of view, either by a laser or nonlaser source. The embodiments specifically disclosed herein employ nonlaser sources such as LEDs. The multifocal length collection optical system consisting of a plurality of lenses or mirrors having at least a near range focal length and a long range focal length, simultaneously collects radiation reflected from objects in the field of view, and directs it to an optical detector for detection and generation of an electrical output signal indicative thereof. The electrical output signal of the detector is then passed through a high pass filter which filters out a DC background electrical signal, thereby improving the depth of modulation of the signal.

Claims

1. A scanner with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading indicia having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. means for generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. a multifocal length collection optical system, having at least a first near range focal length and a second long range focal length, for simultaneously collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field view;

c. an optical detector for detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and for generating an electrical output signal indicative thereof; and

d. a high pass filter coupled to the electrical output signal of the optical detector for filtering out a low frequency electrical signal to improve the depth of modulation of the signal while passing an electrical output signal resulting from the detection of an indicia having parts of different light reflectivity.

2. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said multifocal length collection optical system includes a multifocal length lens system.

3. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said multifocal length lens system includes a plurality of different lenses, each having a different focal point.

4. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said plurality of different lenses include a plurality of concentric lenses.

5. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said optical detector includes a charge coupled detector having a plurality of charge coupled detection cells, and wherein the field of view is scanned by scanning the electrical outputs of the plurality of charge coupled detector cells.

6. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 5, wherein said charge coupled detector includes an array of charge coupled diodes arranged in a common focal plane, with each diode being operative to emit an electrical current signal indicative of the intensity of the detected radiation.

7. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said generating means includes a light emitting diode.

8. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said generating means includes a linear array of light emitting diodes.

9. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said generating means includes a laser diode.

10. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 2, including said high pass filter coupled to claimed in claim, the electrical output signal of the optical detector for filtering out a DC background electrical signal to improve the depth of modulation of the signal while passing an electrical output signal resulting from the detection of an indicia having parts of different light reflectivity.

11. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said multifocal length collection mirror system includes a multifocal length mirror system.

12. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said multifocal length mirror system includes a plurality of mirrors, with a first collection mirror having a near range focal length, and a second collection mirror having a far range focal length.

13. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 11, said generating means including at least one light emitting diode.

14. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 11, said optical detector including a photodiode.

15. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, including a housing for supporting said generating means, said multifocal length collection optical system, and said optical detector.

16. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 15, wherein said housing includes a handle for enabling an operator to grasp the housing throughout the reading of the indicia.

17. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said optical detector includes a charge coupled detector having a plurality of charge coupled detection cells, and wherein the field of view is scanned the electrical outputs of the plurality of charge coupled detector cells.

18. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 17, wherein said charge coupled detector includes an array of charge coupled diodes arranged in a common focal plane, with each diode being operative to emit an electrical current signal indicative of the intensity of the detected radiation.

19. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said optical detector includes a photodiode, and a scanning reflector is provided for scanning the field of view.

20. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said generating means includes a light emitting diode.

21. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said generating means includes a linear array of light emitting diodes.

22. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said generating means includes a laser diode.

23. A scanner with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. means for generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. a multifocal length collection optical system, including a first mirror having at least a first focal length and a second mirror having a second focal length different from said first local length, for collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field of viwe wherein the area of the second mirror is larger than the area of the first mirror to compensate for the ¹ /f² fall off in the signal collected by each mirror, where f is the focal length; and

c. an optical detector for detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and for generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected by said optical system.

24. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 23, wherein said optical detector includes a photodiode, and a scanning reflector as provided for scanning the field of view.

25. A scanner with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. means for generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. a multifocal length collection optical system, including a first mirror having at least a first focal length and a second mirror having a second focal length different from said first focal length, for collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field view wherein said first and second mirrors are positioned on a large scanning mirror surface which focuses an LED light source as a scanning beam directed at a field of view, and said first collection mirror focuses an image of a small aperture positioned in front of a photodiode detector at a near range in the field of view, and said second collection mirror focuses an image of the small aperture positioned in front of said photodiode detector at a far range in the field of view; and

c. an optical detector for detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and for generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected by said optical system.

26. A scanner with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. means for generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. a multifocal length collection optical system, having at least a first component with a first focal length, and a second component with a second focal length different from said first focal length, said first and second components for jointly collecting radiation from objects in the field view; and

c. an optical detector for detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and for generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected by said first and second assemblies.

27. A scanner as defined in claim 26, further comprising a filter coupled to the optical detector and having a bandpass characteristic so as to filter out an electrical signal of predetermined frequency range to improve the depth of modulation of the signal while passing an electrical output signal resulting from the detection of an indicia having parts of different light reflectivity.

28. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 26, wherein said optical detector includes a charge coupled detector having a plurality of charge coupled detection cells, and wherein the field of view is scanned by scanning the electrical outputs of the plurality of charge coupled detector cells.

29. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 28, wherein said charge coupled detector includes an array of charge coupled diodes arranged in a common focal plane, with each diode being operative to emit an electrical current signal indicative of the intensity of the detected radiation.

30. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 26, wherein said optical detector includes a photodiode, and a scanning reflector is provided for scanning the field of view.

31. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 26, wherein said generating means includes a light emitting diode.

32. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 26, wherein said generating means includes a linear array of light emitting diodes.

33. A scanner with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 26, wherein said generating means includes a laser diode.

38. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 27, wherein said step of collecting radiation with multifocal length mirror system includes collecting radiation with a first collection mirror having a near range focal length, and with a second collection mirror having a far range focal length.

34. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading indicia having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. simultaneously collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field of view with a multifocal length collection optical system, having at least a first near range focal length and a second long range focal length;

c. detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and collected by the multifocal length optical system, and generating an electrical output signal indicative thereof.

35. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 34, including passing the electrical output signal through a high pass filter to filter out a DC background electrical signal to improve the depth of modulation of the signal while passing an electrical output signal resulting from the detection of an indicia having parts of different light reflectivity.

36. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 34, wherein said step of collecting radiation includes collecting radiation with a multifocal length lens system which includes a plurality of different lenses, each having a different focal point.

37. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 34, wherein said step of collecting radiation includes collecting radiation with a multifocal length mirror system.

39. A method for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising the steps of:

a. generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. simultaneously collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field view using a multifocal length collection optical system, having at least a first near range focal length optical assembly and a second long range focal length optical assembly; and

c. detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected simultaneously by said first and second assemblies.

40. A method as defined in claim 39, further comprising the step of processing the electrical output signal to filter out a DC background electrical signal to derive the waveform of a detected bar code pattern.

41. A method as defined in claim 39, wherein said step of detecting radiation further comprises the step of scanning the field of view with a photodiode.

42. A method as defined in claim 39, wherein said generating step includes generating a beam from a light emitting diode.

43. A method as defined in claim 39, wherein said generating step includes generating a beam from a laser diode.

44. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading indicia having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field view with a multifocal length collection optical system, having at least a first optical assembly with a near range focal length with a first light collecting area and a second optical assembly with a long range focal length and a second light collecting area different from the first; and

c. detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and collected by the multifocal length optical system, and generating an electrical output signal indicative thereof.

45. A method as defined in claim 44, wherein said radiation is collected simultaneously from said first and second optical assemblies.

46. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 44, including passing the electrical output signal through a high pass filter out a DC background electrical signal to improve the depth of modulation of the signal while passing an electrical output signal resulting from the detection of an indicia having parts of different light reflectivity.

47. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 44, wherein said step of collecting radiation includes collecting radiation with a multifocal length lens system which includes a plurality of different lenses, each having a different focal point.

48. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 44, wherein said step of collecting radiation includes collecting radiation with a multifocal length mirror system.

49. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 44, wherein said step of collecting radiation includes collecting radiation with a first collection mirror having a near range focal length, and with a second collection mirror having a far range focal length.

50. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 49, wherein the area of the second collection mirror is larger than the area of the first collection mirror to compensate for the 1/f² fall off in the signal collected by each mirror, wherein f is the focal length.

51. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus as claimed in claim 50, including the step of positioning said first and second mirrors on a large scanning mirror surface which focuses an LED light source as a scanning beam directed at a field of view, and focusing with said first collection mirror an image of a small aperture positioned in front of a photodiode detector at a near range in the field of view, and focusing with said second collection mirror an image of the small aperture positioned in front of said photodiode detector at a far range in the field of view.

52. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. collecting radiation from the field of view with a multifocal length collection optical system, including a first mirror having at least a first focal length and a second mirror having a second focal length different from said first focal length, wherein the area of the second mirror is larger than the area of the first mirror to compensate for the ¹ /f² fall off in the signal collected by each mirror, where f is the focal length; and

c. detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected by said optical system.

53. A method of scanning with an extended depth of focus for electro-optically reading bar code symbols having parts of different light reflectivity, comprising:

a. generating a radiation beam for illuminating a field of view;

b. collecting radiation from the field of view with a multifocal length collection optical system, including a first mirror having at least a first focal length and a second mirror having a second focal length different form said first focal length, for collecting radiation reflected from objects in the field of view wherein said first and second mirrors are positioned on a large scanning mirror surface which focuses an LED light source as a scanning beam directed at a field of view, and said first collection mirror focuses an image of a small aperture positioned in front of a photodiode detector at a near range in the field of view, and said second collection mirror focuses an image of the small aperture positioned in front of said photodiode detector at a far range in the field of view; and

c. detecting radiation reflected from the field of view and directed thereto by the multifocal length optical system, and generating an electrical output signal indicative of the radiation collected by said optical system.