Large surface area electrodes
First Claim
1. A high surface are electrode comprising a composite material that comprisesan electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed ina binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles.
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0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A high surface area electrode formed from filler particles having a high surface to volume ratio in a binder able to support the conduction of ions. The binder may be a hydrophilic polymer and hydrogel able to swell to incorporate a solvent and its dissolved ionic material while retaining its mechanical strength. The swelling may be regulated by control of the degree of cross-linking of the binder material.
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Citations
35 Claims
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1. A high surface are electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles.
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7. A high surface area electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantially proportion of the surface of the filler particles, wherein said binder is swellable in the solvent to incorporate both solvent and ionic material, said binder retaining sufficient mechanical strength remains to hold the mass of conductive filler particles together.
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17. A high surface area electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles, wherein said binder material additionally comprises a polymeric material having ionized groups and counterions, wherein said polymeric material forms polyelectrolytes when neutralized.
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19. A high surface are electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles, wherein said binder material additionally comprises a polymeric material having ionized groups and counterions, wherein said polymeric comprises ionizable groups.
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30. A high surface area electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles, wherein said material comprises an unreactive, low molecular weight liquid which can diffuse out of the electrode when it is first placed in the medium in which it is to be operated.
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32. A high surface area electrode comprising a composite material that comprises
an electronically conductive particulate filler having a high surface to volume ratio dispersed in a binder material, wherein the particles of said particulate filler are substantially in intimate contact, and said binder material conducts ions to and from a substantial proportion of the surface of the filler particles, wherein said binder material comprises a solid polymer electrolyte.
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33. A process for the preparation of a high surface area electrode comprising the steps of
preparing a composite comprised of an electronically conductive particulate filler dispersed in a binder material such that the filler particles are substantially in intimate contact, comprising the further steps of blending together carbon black with a liquid mixture which contains methoxyoctaoxyethylene methacrylate and octaoxyethylene dimethacrylate; adding to this blend benzoyl peroxide; casting the material into a film on a metallic sheet; curing the material into a rubber material.
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34. A process for the preparation of a high surface area electrode comprising the steps of
preparing a composite comprised of an electronically conductive particulate filler dispersed in a binder material such that the filler particles are substantially in intimate contact comprising the further steps of compressing carbon black on to a metal foil; -
impregnating this layer of carbon with a liquid mixture comprising polyethylene glycol, glycerol, propylene carbonate and hexamethylene dissocyarate; comprising and curing.
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35. A process for the preparation of a high surface area electrode comprising the steps of
preparing a composite comprised of an electronically conductive particulate filler dispersed in a binder material such that the filler particles are substantially in intimate contact, comprising the further steps of compressing carbon black onto a metal foil, impregnating this layer of carbon with a liquid mixture comprising sulphoethyl methacrylate lithium salt and octaoxyethylene dimethacrylate dissolved in propylene carbonate.
Specification