Location of objects

• US 5,214,410 A
• Filed: 07/09/1990
• Issued: 05/25/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Scientiae, Pretoria, Csir
• Original Assignee: CSIR
• Inventors: Verster, Theunis C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ng, Jin F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US07/549,749
• Time in Patent Office: 1,051 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572, 340/573, 340/539, 340/505, 340/309.15, 340/518, 340/527, 340/825.69, 340/825.72, 340/825.2, 340/825.14, 342/44, 343/700 MS, 455/51, 455/140
• US Class Current: 340/505
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/758 using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07786 the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10069 the collision being resolved in the frequency domain, e.g. by hopping from one frequency to the other frequency hopping or spread spectrum techniques H04B7/00

Abstract

A locating system 10 for locating predetermined labelled objects 20 includes a transceiver unit 12 which comprises a narrow beamwidth antenna 14 for transmitting an energizing signal 16 at a predetermined first frequency and for receiving a returned signal 22 at a predetermined second frequency from an object to be located, the energizing signal 16 incorporating a predetermined transponder category code. A plurality of label-like transponders 18 is provided, each of which is affixable to an object 20 to be located. Each transponder 18 includes logic circuitry in order that each transponder 18 in a predetermined group of labelled objects 20 constituting the category radiates a returned signal 22, including a transponder identification code, to the transceiver unit 12 in a time-delayed manner so that returned signals 22 are received serially by the transceiver unit 12.

Claims

1. A locating system for locating predetermined labelled objects which includes

a transceiver unit which comprises a narrow beamwidth antenna means for transmitting an energising signal at a predetermined first frequency and for receiving a returned signal at a predetermined second frequency from an object to be located, the energising signal incorporating a predetermined transponder category code for activating members of a predetermined group of labelled objects;

and

a plurality of label-like transponders, each of which is affixable to an object to be located, each transponder including logic circuitry, the logic circuitry including a memory means in which a category code is stored for activating the transponders of the said members when they receive the transponder category code, the logic circuitry further including a time delay means and a transponder identification code such that, upon the members of the group of transponders being activated, each transponder radiates its returned signal, including the transponder identification code, to the transceiver unit in a time delayed manner so that the returned signals are received serially by the transceiver unit.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1 in which each transponder is substantially omni-directional in order to operate effectively irrespective of the orientation of the object to which it is affixed relative to the transceiver unit.

3. The system as claimed in claim 2 in which each transponder includes a patch antenna.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1 in which the logic circuitry comprises a register means for receiving the transponder category code from the transceiver unit via the energising signal.

5. The system as claimed in claim 4 in which the logic circuitry includes a comparator for comparing the received transponder category code with the category code stored in the memory means of the logic circuitry.

6. The system as claimed in claim 4 in which each transponder includes a switching means which is controlled by the logic circuitry, the switching means being activated by the logic circuitry to cause the returned signal to be transmitted.

7. The system as claimed in claim 6 in which the switching means is an RF switch.

8. The system as claimed in claim 1 in which the transceiver unit is a portable unit.

9. The system as claimed in claim 1 in which the said predetermined first frequency of the energising signal falls within the UHF range.

10. The system as claimed in claim 1 in which the said predetermined second frequency of the returned signal is an harmonic of the frequency of the energising signal.

11. The system as claimed in claim 10 in which the frequency of the returned signal is the third harmonic frequency of the energising signal.

12. A method of locating predetermined labelled objects which includes

affixing a label-like transponder to each object;

modifying an energising signal to incorporate a predetermined transponder category code;

transmitting the energising signal via a narrow beamwidth antenna means at a predetermined first frequency for activating the transponders of members of a predetermined group of labelled objects;

comparing the transponder category code with a category code stored in a memory means of logic circuitry of each transponder; and

causing each transponder of the group to radiate a returned signal incorporating a transponder identification code at a predetermined second frequency in a time delayed manner so that the returned signals are received serially by the antenna means,

13. The method as claimed in claim 12 which includes transmitting the signal at a frequency in the UHF range and causing each returned signal to be radiated at a frequency which is an harmonic of the energising signal.

14. The method as claimed in claim 13 which includes causing each returned signal to be radiated at a frequency which is the third harmonic frequency of the energising signal.

15. The method as claimed in claim 12, which includes modifying the energising signal by modulating the predetermined transponder category code onto the energising signal.

16. The method as claimed in claim 12 which includes further modifying the energising signal in order to enable a range determination to be made.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16 which includes further modifying the energising signal by modulating a predetermined waveform onto the energising signal.