Integrated enroute and approach guidance system for aircraft
First Claim
1. An integrated system for guiding an aircraft to a predetermined destination, which uses data generated by both a long range navigation system and a short range navigation system, comprising:
- means for deriving the data from the long range navigation system;
means for deriving the data from the short range navigation system; and
automatic means for providing a weighted sum of said data from said long range navigation system and said data from said short range navigation system, said sum being weighted as a function of the distance from a predetermined location related to one of each of said long range navigation system or said short range navigation system.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Data from long range aids such as the global positioning system (GPS) and an inertial navigation system (INS) and short range aids such as a microwave landing system (MLS) are used to smoothly and automatically transition an aircraft from the long range aids to the short range aids. During cruise a Kalman filter combines data from the global positioning system and the inertial navigation system to provide accurate enroute information. When the aircraft arrives in the vicinity of the airport and begins to acquire valid data from the microwave landing system, the Kalman filter is calibrated with the MLS data to permit Precision landing with GPS/INS data alone in case the MLS system subsequently fails. In addition, navigation information begins to be derived from a weighted sum of the GPS/INS and MLS data, the weighting being determined by distance from the airport. In a first region farthest from the airport, the GPS/INS data is given a 1.0 weighting factor; and in a second region nearest the airport, the MLS data is given a 1.0 weighting factor. In a third region intermediate the first and second regions, the GPS/INS data and MLS data are proportionately and complementarily weighted as a function of the distance from the airport. If the MLS system fails, the weighting system is disabled and navigation data is again derived from the GPS/INS combination. In addition, the data from both systems are monitored, and a cockpit alarm is sounded if the data diverges beyond a specified amount.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. An integrated system for guiding an aircraft to a predetermined destination, which uses data generated by both a long range navigation system and a short range navigation system, comprising:
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means for deriving the data from the long range navigation system; means for deriving the data from the short range navigation system; and automatic means for providing a weighted sum of said data from said long range navigation system and said data from said short range navigation system, said sum being weighted as a function of the distance from a predetermined location related to one of each of said long range navigation system or said short range navigation system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. An integrated system for guiding an aircraft to a predetermined destination which uses data generated by both a first navigation system having a broad coverage and a second navigation system having coverage in the vicinity of the predetermined destination, comprising:
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means for deriving the data from the first navigation system; means for deriving the data from the second navigation system; first means for selectively gating said data from said second navigation system; means for handling said data from said first navigation system; means for generating a weighted sum of said data from said first navigation system and said data from said second navigation system, said weight being a function of the distance from a predetermined location related to said second navigation system; second means for selectively gating data either from said handling means or from said generating means; and means for generating aircraft control data from said data from said long range navigation system and said short range navigation system. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. An integrated system for guiding an aircraft to an airport, which uses data generated by an inertial navigation system, a global positioning system and a microwave landing system, comprising:
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means for deriving the data from the inertial navigation system; means for deriving the data from the global positioning system; means for combining said data from said inertial navigation system and said global positioning system to provide composite navigation data; means for deriving the data from the microwave landing system; first means for weighting either one of said composite data or said microwave landing system data; second means for weighting the other of the other of said composite data or said microwave landing system data, said first and second weighting means having complementary weighting functions; said weighting being a function of the distance from a predetermined location related to one of said global positioning system or said microwave landing system; means for summing data from the first and second weighting means; first means for selectively gating said microwave landing system data to said second weighting means and said combining means; second means for selectively gating data either from said combining means or from said summing means; and means for generating aircraft control data from the data from said data gated by the second gating means. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification