Steering pivot axis orientation measurement apparatus and method

• US 5,218,556 A
• Filed: 12/24/1990
• Issued: 06/08/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 12/24/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Snap-On Technologies Incorporated (Snap-On Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: FMC Corporation
• Inventors: Dale, James L. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lall, Parshotam S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ZANELLI, MICHAEL J
• Application Number:
  US07/632,903
• Time in Patent Office: 897 Days
• Field of Search: 364/559, 364/551.01, 364/424.05, 33/203, 33/203.18, 33/203.19, 33/286, 33/288, 33/336, 356/155
• US Class Current: 700/279
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 21/26 for testing wheel alignment

Abstract

The disclosure herein relates to apparatus and method for finding the orientation of a steering pivot axis for a wheel in a pair of steerable wheels in a vehicle suspension system, wherein arbitrary steering directions are imparted to the wheels and measurements are taken of the steering directions and the other steerable wheel alignment characteristics of interest. The measurements are transmitted to a computer which serves to calculate caster, steering axis inclination and the orientation of the steering pivot axis relative to a defined three dimensional alignment coordinate system.

Claims

1. In a system for measuring steering pivot axis orientation for either of a pair of steerable wheels supporting a vehicle, wherein said system has cross toe sensors and vertical sensors mounted on the steerable wheels, the improvement comprising

means for receiving cross toe measurements and measurements relative to vertical from said sensors at two arbitrary and distinct operator selected steering angles of the pair of steerable wheels,

a microprocessor connected to said means for receiving for providing steering axis inclination output, and

console means connected to said microprocessor for providing steering axis inclination indicia.

2. In the system of claim 1 wherein said microprocessor provides steering axis inclination output with error due to tip angle in caster plane at zero toe, comprising means for correcting steering axis inclination indicia for tip angle at zero toe.

3. In the system of claim 1 wherein said microprocessor provides steering axis inclination output utilizing the algorithm

TIP ANGLE IN CASTER PLANE-TIP ANGLE IN CAMBER PLANE AT ZERO TOE=SAI×

SINE TOE ANGLE.

4. In a system for measuring steering pivot axis orientation for either of a pair of steerable wheels supporting a vehicle wherein said system has cross toe sensors and vertical sensors mounted on the steerable wheels, the improvement comprising

means for receiving cross toe measurements and measurements relative to vertical from said sensors at two arbitrary and distinct operator selected steering angles of the pair of steerable wheels,

read only memory containing steering axis inclination values corresponding to said two arbitrary and distinct vertical and cross toe sensor measurements, said read only memory being connected to said means for receiving and providing steering axis inclination output, and

console means connected to said read only memory for providing steering axis inclination indicia.

5. In the system of claim 4 wherein said steering axis inclination output from said read only memory contains error due to tip angle in caster plane at zero toe, comprising means for correcting steering axis inclination indicia for tip angle at zero toe.

6. In a system for measuring steering pivot axis orientation for either of a pair of steerable wheels supporting a vehicle, wherein said system has cross toe sensors and vertical sensors mounted on the steerable wheels, the improvement comprising

means for receiving cross toe measurements and measurements relative to vertical from said sensors at two arbitrary and distinct operator selected steering angles of the pair of steerable wheels,

a microprocessor connected to said means for receiving for providing caster output, and console means connected to said microprocessor for providing caster indicia.

7. In the system of claim 6 wherein said microprocessor provides caster output with error due to camber offset at zero toe, comprising means for correcting caster indicia for camber offset at zero toe.

8. In the system of claim 6 wherein said microprocessor provides caster output utilizing the algorithm

CAMBER ANGLE-CAMBERANGLE AT ZERO TOE=CASTER×

SINE TOE ANGLE.

9. In a system for measuring steering pivot axis orientation for either of a pair of steerable wheels supporting a vehicle, wherein said system has cross toe sensors and vertical sensors mounted on the steerable wheels, the improvement comprising

means for receiving cross toe measurements and measurements relative to vertical from said sensors at two arbitrary and distinct operator selected steering angles of the pair of steerable wheels,

read only memory containing caster values corresponding to said two arbitrary and distinct vertical and cross toe sensor measurements, said read only memory being connected to said means for receiving and providing caster output, and

console means connected to said read only memory for providing caster indicia.

10. In the system of claim 9 wherein said caster output from said read only memory contains error due to camber offset at zero toe, comprising means for correcting caster indicia for camber offset at zero toe.

11. In a method for use by an operator of a wheel alignment system for measurement of orientation characteristics of a steering pivot axis for steerable wheels in a vehicle suspension system, wherein the angle of the plane of at least one of the pair of steerable wheels is measured relative to a straight ahead steering direction and relative to vertical in two different steering directions and the steering pivot axis orientation characteristic of the one of the pair of steerable wheels is obtained from the measured angles, the improvement, comprising the steps of

steering the steerable wheels in a first operator selected arbitrary direction,

steering the steerable wheels in a second operator selected arbitrary direction, and

providing indication of the steering pivot axis orientation characteristic to the operator in accordance with the measured angles.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of steering the steerable wheels in a first operator selected arbitrary direction, comprises the step of steering the steerable wheels in a straight ahead direction.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing indication comprises the step of indicating the orientation characteristics in a reference table.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing indication comprises the step of indicating steering axis inclination of at least one steerable wheel.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing indication comprises the step of indicating caster of at least one steerable wheel.

16. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of providing indication comprises the step of indicating the steering pivot axis in space of at least one steerable wheel.

17. The method of claim 11 wherein the difference between the first and second operator selected arbitrary directions is at least ten degrees.