Method and device for measuring fluid velocities

• US 5,218,866 A
• Filed: 02/19/1991
• Issued: 06/15/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 02/19/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army
• Inventors: Phillips, Melvin R., Kaine, Eugene
• Primary Examiner(s): Razavi, Michael
• Assistant Examiner(s): MAH, RAYMOND
• Application Number:
  US07/657,587
• Time in Patent Office: 847 Days
• Field of Search: 73/204.14, 73/204.15, 73/204.16, 73/189, 73/204.26
• US Class Current: 73/204.15
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/68 by using thermal effects
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/696 Circuits therefor, e.g. constant-current flow meters
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 1/6986 with pulsed heating, e.g. dynamic methods
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 13/04 Indicating positive or negative direction of a linear movement or clockwise or anti-clockwise direction of a rotational movement
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 5/12 using variation of resistance of a heated conductor

Abstract

The velocity of a fluid in a positive or negative direction is measured byse of a thermistor in a feedback circuit. The temperature of a flow thermistor is balanced with the temperature of a reference thermistor by sensing temperature through resistance by way of its voltage and adding power until the flow thermistor is at the same temperature as the reference thermistor. The ratio of reference power used as compared to flow power is indicative of the fluid'"'"'s speed. Power is added by sending a signal of varying frequency to the flow thermistor; the reference thermistor is powered by a constant frequency signal. Power is measured by comparing the frequencies of the reference signal to the flow signal. Fluid direction is measured by placing a direction thermistor on either side of the flow thermistor, measuring the temperature of each direction thermistor, the cooler thermistor being upstream of the flow thermistor.

Claims

1. A fluid speed sensor comprising:

a first bridge circuit including first and second initial resistors, a reference thermistor, and a flow thermistor, said flow thermistor placed in the fluid to be measured and said reference thermistor being exposed to the fluid'"'"'s ambient temperature; and

wherein said reference thermistor is powered by a reference frequency wave passed through a reference capacitor;

a feedback circuit means for sensing voltage of said reference thermistor and voltage of said flow thermistor, said feedback circuit applying power to said flow thermistor in order to equalize reference and flow thermistor voltages, and to detect fluid speed based on the fluid speed being proportional to a ratio of flow thermistor power to reference thermistor power, said feedback circuit means applying power to said flow thermistor by means of a variable flow frequency wave pased through a flow capacitor; and

the ratio of said reference wave'"'"'s frequency to said flow wave'"'"'s frequency being further representative of the fluid speed.

2. A fluid speed sensor in accordance with claim 1, wherein said feedback circuit comprises:

a first amplifier for generating a signal proportional to a voltage difference between said reference and flow thermistors;

an integrator receiving the signal generated by said amplifier and delivering a signal representative of the received signal integrated over time; and

a voltage-to-frequency means for delivering said variable flow frequency wave, with said variable flow frequency wave'"'"'s frequency varied according to said signal generated by said integrator.