Apparatus and method for identifying a speech pattern

• US 5,222,190 A
• Filed: 06/11/1991
• Issued: 06/22/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 06/11/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Inventors: Pawate, Basavaraj I., Doddington, George R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Fleming, Michael R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Doerrler, Michelle
• Application Number:
  US07/713,481
• Time in Patent Office: 742 Days
• Field of Search: 381/41-47, 395/2
• US Class Current: 704/200
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/87 Detection of discrete points within a voice signal

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for identifying one or more boundaries of a speech pattern within an input utterance. One or more anchor patterns are defined, and an input utterance is received. An anchor section of the input utterance is identified as corresponding to at least one of the anchor patterns. A boundary of the speech pattern is defined based upon the anchor section. Also provided are a method and apparatus for identifying a speech pattern within an input utterance. One or more segment patterns are defined, and an input utterance is received. Portions of the input utterance which correspond to the segment patterns are identified. One or more of the segments of the input utterance are defined responsive to the identified portions.

Claims

1. Apparatus for identifying one or more boundaries of a speech pattern within an input utterance, comprising:

circuitry for defining one or more anchor patterns;

circuitry for receiving the input utterance;

circuitry for identifying a beginning and an end of an anchor section of the input utterance, said anchor section corresponding to at least one of said anchor patterns; and

circuitry for defining one boundary of the speech pattern based upon said anchor section, wherein said boundary defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a start boundary of the speech pattern at the end of said anchor section.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for defining a stop boundary of the speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is below a predetermined level.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a stop boundary of the speech pattern at the beginning of said anchor section.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for defining a start boundary of the speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is above a predetermined level.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for prompting a speaker to utter at least a predetermined one of said anchor patterns before speaking the speech pattern.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for prompting a speaker to utter at least a predetermined one of said anchor patterns after speaking the speech pattern.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said anchor pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining one or more speaker independent anchor patterns.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 and further comprising circuitry for identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speech pattern.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 and further comprising circuitry for identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speaker dependent speech pattern.

10. The apparatus of claim 8 and further comprising circuitry for controlling a device responsive to said identified speech pattern.

11. Apparatus for identifying a speech pattern within an input utterance, comprising:

circuitry for defining one or more segment patterns, wherein said segment patterns comprise noise patterns;

circuitry for receiving an input utterance;

circuitry for identifying portions of said utterance which correspond to said segment patterns; and

circuitry for defining one or more segments of said input utterance responsive to said identified portions.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein one of said segment patterns comprise a lip smack noise pattern.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein one of said segment patterns comprises a silence pattern.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein one of said segment patterns comprises an inhalation noise pattern.

15. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein one of said segment patterns comprises an exhalation noise pattern.

16. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said defined segments of said input utterance comprise portions of said input utterance which fail to correspond to said segment patterns.

17. The apparatus of claim 11 and further comprising circuitry for defining one or more segment groups each comprising one or more segments that are uninterrupted in said input utterance by one of said identified portions.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 and further comprising circuitry for defining the speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segment groups.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said speech pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for excluding from the speech pattern any segment group that fails to have a minimum size.

20. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said identifying circuitry comprises circuitry for comparing one or more elements of said input utterance against one or more of said segment patterns.

21. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said segment pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for modelling said segment patterns based on a Hidden Markov Model.

22. The apparatus of claim 11 and further comprising circuitry for prompting a speaker to utter said input utterance.

23. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said segment pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for establishing one or more speaker independent segment patterns

24. The apparatus of claim 11 and further comprising circuitry for identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speech pattern.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 and further comprising circuitry for identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speaker dependent speech pattern.

26. The apparatus of claim 24 and further comprising circuitry for controlling a device responsive to said identified speech pattern.

27. A method for identifying one or more boundaries of a speech pattern within an input utterance, comprising the steps of:

defining one or more anchor patterns;

receiving the input utterance;

identifying a beginning and an end of an anchor section of the input utterance, said anchor section corresponding to at least one of said anchor patterns; and

defining one boundary of the speech pattern based upon said anchor section, wherein said boundary defining step comprises the step of defining a start boundary of the speech pattern at the end of said anchor section.

28. The method of claim 27 and further comprising the step of defining a stop boundary of the speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is below a predetermined level.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein said defining step comprises the step of defining a stop boundary of the speech pattern at the beginning of said anchor section.

30. The method of claim 27 and further comprising the step of defining the start boundary of the speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is above a predetermined level.

31. The method of claim 27 and further comprising the step of prompting a speaker to utter at least a predetermined one of said anchor patterns before speaking the speech pattern.

32. The method of claim 27 and further comprising the step of prompting a speaker to utter at least a predetermined one of said anchor patterns after speaking the speech pattern.

33. The method of claim 27 wherein said anchor pattern defining step comprise the step of defining one or more speaker independent anchor patterns.

34. The method of claim 27 and further comprising the step of identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speech pattern.

35. The method of claim 34 and further comprising the step of identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speaker dependent speech pattern.

36. The method of claim 34 and further comprising the step of controlling a device in response to said identified speech pattern.

37. A method for identifying a speech pattern within an input utterance, comprising the steps of:

defining one or more segment patterns, wherein said segment patterns defining step comprises the step of defining one or more noise patterns;

receiving an input utterance;

identifying portions of said input utterance which correspond to said segment patterns; and

defining one or more segments of said input utterance responsive to said identified portions.

38. The method of claim 37 wherein said segments defining step comprises the step of identifying portions of said input utterance which fail to correspond to said segment patterns.

39. The method of claim 37 and further comprising the step of defining one or more segment groups each comprising one or more segments that are uninterrupted in said input utterance by one of said identified portions.

40. The method of claim 39 and further comprising the step of defining the speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segment groups.

41. The method of claim 40 wherein said speech pattern defining step comprises the step of excluding from the speech pattern any segment group that fails to have a minimum size.

42. The method of claim 37 wherein said identifying step comprises the step of comparing one or more elements of said input utterance against one or more of said segment patterns.

43. The method of claim 37 wherein said segment pattern defining step comprises the step of modelling said segment patterns based on a Hidden Markov Model.

44. The method of claim 37 and further comprising the step of prompting a speaker to utter said input utterance.

45. The method of claim 37 wherein said segment pattern defining step comprises the step of establishing one or more speaker independent segment patterns.

46. The method of claim 37 and further comprising the step of identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speech pattern.

47. The method of claim 46 and further comprising the step of identifying the speech pattern by comparing the speech pattern with a previously stored speaker dependent speech pattern.

48. The method of claim 46 and further comprising the step of controlling a device in response to said identified speech pattern.

49. A system for enrolling a predetermined speech pattern in a speech recognition system, comprising:

circuitry for defining one or more anchor patterns;

circuitry for receiving an input utterance;

circuitry for identifying a beginning and an end of one or more anchor sections of said input utterance, said anchor sections corresponding to at least one of said anchor patterns;

circuitry for defining one or more boundaries of the predetermined speech pattern to be adjacent said anchor sections within said input utterance, wherein said boundary defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a start boundary of the speech pattern at the end of said anchor section; and

circuitry for storing the predetermined speech pattern.

50. The system of claim 49 and further comprising circuitry for defining a stop boundary of the predetermined speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is below a predetermined level.

51. The system of claim 49 wherein said defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a stop boundary of the predetermined speech pattern at the beginning of said anchor section.

52. The system of claim 49 and further comprising circuitry for defining a start boundary of the predetermined speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is above a predetermined level.

53. A system for enrolling a specific speech pattern in a speech recognition system, comprising:

circuitry for defining one or ore segment patterns;

circuitry for receiving an input utterance;

circuitry for defining one or more segments of said input utterance, said defined segments comprising portions of said input utterance which fail to correspond to said segment patterns;

circuitry for defining the specific speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segments, wherein said specific speech pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for excluding from the speech pattern any segment group that fails to have a minimum size; and

circuitry for storing the specific speech pattern.

54. The system of claim 53 and further comprising circuitry for defining one or more segment groups each comprising one or more segments that are uninterrupted in said input utterance by one of said portions.

55. The system of claim 54 and further comprising circuitry for defining the speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segment groups.

56. A system for controlling a device responsive to a speech pattern within an input utterance, comprising:

circuitry for determining a speech pattern;

circuitry for defining one or more anchor patterns;

circuitry for receiving the input utterance;

circuitry for identifying one or more anchor sections of the input utterance, said anchor sections corresponding to at least one of said anchor patterns;

circuitry for defining one or more boundaries of said speech pattern to be adjacent said anchor sections within the input utterance, wherein said boundary defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a start boundary of said speech pattern at the end of said anchor section; and

circuitry for associating said speech pattern with a function of the device.

57. The system of claim 56 and further comprising circuitry for defining a stop boundary of said speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is below a predetermined level.

58. The system of claim 56 wherein said defining circuitry comprises circuitry for defining a stop boundary of said speech pattern at the beginning of said anchor section.

59. The system of claim 56 and further comprising circuitry for defining the start boundary of said speech pattern at a point in the input utterance where an energy level is above a predetermined level.

60. A system for controlling a device responsive to a speech pattern, comprising:

circuitry for determining a speech pattern;

circuitry for defining one or more segment patterns;

circuitry for receiving an input utterance;

circuitry for defining one or more segments of said input utterance, said defined segments comprising portions of said input utterance which fail to correspond to said segment patterns;

circuitry for defining said speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segments;

circuitry for defining one or ore segment groups, each said segment group comprising one or more segments that are uninterrupted in said input utterance by one of said portions; and

circuitry for associating said speech pattern with a function of the device.

61. The system of claim 60 and further comprising circuitry for defining said speech pattern as comprising one or more of said segment groups.

62. The system of claim 61 wherein said speech pattern defining circuitry comprises circuitry for excluding from the speech pattern any segment group that fails to have a minimum size.