Laser radar transceiver

• US 5,224,109 A
• Filed: 07/02/1991
• Issued: 06/29/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 07/02/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: LTV Missiles and Electronics Group
• Inventors: Minor, Lewis G., Krasutsky, Nicholas J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ullah, Akm E.
• Application Number:
  US07/724,750
• Time in Patent Office: 728 Days
• Field of Search: 372/9, 372/24, 372/29, 372/33, 372/69, 372/70, 372/75, 372/705
• US Class Current: 372/33
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2213 maintaining the axis of an orientable seeking head pointed at the target, e.g. target seeking gyro
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2246 Active homing systems, i.e. comprising both a transmitter and a receiver
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2293 using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
• CPC Class Codes: F42B 30/006 Mounting of sensors, antennas or target trackers on projectiles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 17/10 using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves determination of distance by phase measurements G01S17/32
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/481 Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/4817 relating to scanning
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/484 Transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/106 for splitting or combining a plurality of identical beams or images, e.g. image replication
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/108 for sampling a portion of a beam or combining a small beam in a larger one, e.g. wherein the area ratio or power ratio of the divided beams significantly differs from unity, without spectral selectivity
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/1093 for use with monochromatic radiation only, e.g. devices for splitting a single laser source
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/143 using macroscopically faceted or segmented reflective surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/283 used for beam splitting or combining

Abstract

A gimballed optical system within a seeker head includes a relatively low power laser coupled to a relatively higher power laser by way of a flexible fiber optic cable to reduce the mass that must be oscillated in a scan.

Claims

1. A laser radar transceiver comprising:

a sensor head having a housing and a frame, said frame being movably coupled to said housing by a gimbal;

a laser actuating device being located remote from said sensor head;

a laser being disposed on said frame for movement therewith and being coupled to said laser actuating device by a first energy transmitting cable, said laser being adapted to emit a laser beam in response to receiving energy from said laser actuating device;

an optical system being disposed on said frame for movement therewith and being adapted to transmit said laser beam and to receive reflections of said transmitted laser beam; and

a signal processing circuit being located remote from said sensor head and being coupled to said optical system by a second energy transmitting cable, said signal processing circuit being adapted to process said received reflections.

2. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said gimbal has two degrees of freedom.

3. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said gimbal facilitates pivotal movement of said frame with respect to said housing about a first axis and about a second axis, said second axis being substantially perpendicular to said first axis.

4. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

a beam segmenter being disposed on said frame for movement therewith and being positioned to receive said laser beam and to segment said laser beam into a plurality of laser beams.

5. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said optical system comprises:

transmission optics for transmitting said laser beam toward a target area; and

collection optics to receive reflections of said transmitted laser beam from said target area.

6. A laser radar transceiver comprising:

a sensor head having a housing and a frame, said frame being movably coupled to said housing by a gimbal;

a laser actuating device being located remote from said sensor head;

a laser being disposed on said frame for movement therewith and being coupled to said laser actuating device by a first energy transmitting cable, said laser being adapted to emit a laser beam in response to receiving energy from said laser actuating device;

a beam segmenter being disposed on said frame for movement therewith and being positioned to receive said laser beam and to segment said laser beam into a plurality of laser beams;

an optical system being disposed on said frame for movement therewith, said optical system having transmission optics for transmitting said plurality of laser beams toward a target area and having collection optics to receive reflections of said transmitted plurality of laser beams; and

a signal processing circuit being located remote from said sensor head and being coupled to said optical system by a second energy transmitting cable, said signal processing circuit being adapted to process said received reflections.

7. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 6, wherein said gimbal facilitates pivotal movement of said frame with respect to said housing about a first axis and about a second axis, said second axis being substantially perpendicular to said first axis.

8. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 7, wherein said gimbal comprises:

a first motor coupled to said housing and said frame to pivot said frame about said first axis; and

a second motor coupled to said housing and said frame to pivot said frame about said second axis.

9. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 6, wherein said laser is selected from a group consisting of a Nd:

YAG laser, a Nd;

YLF laser, and a ND;

YVO₄ laser.

10. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 6, wherein said transmission optics comprise a scanner for transmitting said plurality of laser beams along a predetermined path.

11. The transceiver, as set forth in claim 10, wherein said scanner comprises:

a pivotable mirror; and

a third motor coupled to said mirror for controllably pivoting said mirror.