Two-component dry type developer for developing latent electrostatic images

• US 5,225,302 A
• Filed: 01/02/1991
• Issued: 07/06/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 01/23/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Ricoh Company Limited
• Inventors: Kato, Takahisa, Aoki, Mitsuo, Isoda, Tetsuo
• Primary Examiner(s): McCamish, Marion E.
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROSASCO, STEPHEN D
• Application Number:
  US07/636,909
• Time in Patent Office: 916 Days
• Field of Search: 430/106.6, 430/122, 430/109, 430/137
• US Class Current: 430/111.33
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0819 characterised by the dimensions of the particles
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0823 Electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/1075 Structural characteristics of the carrier particles, e.g. shape or crystallographic structure

Abstract

A two-component dry type developer for developing latent electrostatic images comprises (i) toner particles with an average particle diameter of 14 μm or less and (ii) carrier particles with an average particle diameter of 70 μm or less, with the ratio of the average particle diameter of the toner particles to the average particle diameter of the carrier particles being 1/5 or less, with a dynamic resistance of 1.0×10⁸ Ω or less, and the specific triboelectric charge quantity generated between the toner particles and the carrier particles per unit weight of the toner particles is 25 μC/g or more.

Claims

1. A two-component dry type developer for developing latent electrostatic images comprising:

toner particles with an average particle diameter of 14 μ

m or less; and

carrier particles with an average particle diameter of 70 μ

m or less, with the ratio of the average particle diameter of said toner particles to the average particle diameter of said carrier particles being 1/5 or less, and with a dynamic resistance of 1.0×

10⁸ Ω

or less;

the specific triboelectric charge quantity generated between said toner particles and said carrier particles per unit weight of said toner particles being 25 μ

C/g or more.

2. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carrier particles comprises a magnetic core material coated with a resin layer in which finely-divided electroconductive particles are dispersed.

3. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said finely-divided electroconductive particles have a particle diameter of 5 μ

m or less.

4. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said magnetic core material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of alloys and compounds including ferrite, magnetite, cobalt or nickel.

5. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said magnetic core material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a manganese-copper-aluminum alloy and a manganese-copper-tin alloy.

6. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said magnetic core material comprises chromium dioxide.

7. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said resin layer comprises a resin selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyester resin, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene - acrylate copolymer, styrene - methacrylate copolymer, styrene - butadiene copolymer, styrene - vinylidene chloride copolymer, styrene - acrylonitrile copolymer, epoxy resin, modified rosin, polyethylene wax, polycarbonate resin and silicone resin.

8. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carrier particles comprises a magnetic material, finely-divided electroconductive particles, and a binder resin.

9. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said finely-divided electroconductive particles have a particle diameter of 5 μ

m or less.

10. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said magnetic material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of alloys and compounds including ferrite, magnetite, cobalt or nickel.

11. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said magnetic material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a manganese-copper-aluminum alloy and a manganese-copper-tin alloy.

12. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said magnetic material comprises chromium dioxide.

13. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 3, wherein said resin is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyester resin, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene - acrylate copolymer, styrene - methacrylate copolymer, styrene - butadiene copolymer, styrene - vinylidene chloride copolymer, styrene - acrylonitrile copolymer, epoxy resin, modified rosin, polyethylene wax, polycarbonate resin and silicone resin.

14. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said toner particles comprise a binder resin and a coloring agent.

15. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein said binder resin is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, poly p-chlorostyrene, polyvinyl toluene, styrene - p-chlorostyrene copolymer, styrene - propylene copolymer, styrene - vinyltoluene copolymer, styrene - vinylnaphthalene copolymer, styrene - methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene - ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene - butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene - octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene - methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene - ethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene - butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene - methyl α

-chloromethacrylate copolymer, styrene - acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene - vinylmethyl ether copolymer, styrene - vinylethyl ether copolymer, styrene - vinylmethylketone copolymer, styrene - butadiene copolymer, styrene - isoprene copolymer, styrene - acrylonitrile - indene copolymer, styrene - maleic acid copolymer, styrene - maleic acid ester copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, epoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid resin, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, aliphatic hydrocarbon resin, alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin wax and paraffin wax.

16. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein said coloring agent is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, lamp black, black iron oxide, ultramarine, nigrosine dye, Aniline Blue, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Hansa Yellow G, Rhodamine 6C Lake, Calconyl Blue, Chrome Yellow, Ultramarine Yellow, Methylene Blue, Du Pont Oil Red, Quinoline Yellow, Methylene Blue Chloride, Malachite Green Oxalate, Quinacridone, Benzidine Yellow, Rose Bengale, triarylmethane dyes, monoazo dyes and pigments, and disazo dyes and pigments.

17. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein the amount of said coloring agent is in the range of about 1 to 20 parts by weight of 100 parts by weight of said binder resin.

18. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 15, wherein said toner particle further comprises a charge controlling agent.

19. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein said toner particle further comprises a fluidity-imparting agent.

20. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein said toner particle further comprises an abrasive selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon carbide.

21. The two-component dry type developer as claimed in claim 14, wherein said toner particle further comprises a lubricant.

22. A two-component dry type developer for developing latent electrostatic images comprising:

toner particles with an average particle diameter of 14 μ

m or less; and

carrier particles with an average particle diameter of 70 μ

m or less, said carrier particles comprising particles of an inorganic material and an organic resin, with the ratio of the average particle diameter of said toner particles to the average particle diameter of said carrier particles being 1/5 or less, and with a dynamic resistance of 1.0×

10⁸ Ω

or less;

the specific triboelectric charge quantity generated between said toner particles and said carrier particles per unit weight of said toner particles being 25 μ

C/g or more.