Catalyzed enzyme electrodes
First Claim
1. An enzyme electrode for generating an output signal functionally related to the concentration of a substance acted upon by a selected enzyme to generate hydrogen peroxide, comprising:
- a conductive support surface; and
an enzyme layer formed on said surface, said enzyme layer comprised of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, said selected enzyme, and particles of carbon supported catalyst selected from the platinum group disposed in said polymer to catalyze oxidation of said hydrogen peroxide and in a concentration effective to provide a conductive path to said conductive support surface for electrons from said oxidation reaction.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An enzyme electrode is prepared with a composite coating on an electrical conductor. The composite coating is formed from a casting solution of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, an enzyme, and a carbon supported catalyst. The solution may be cast directly on the conductor surface or may be formed as a membrane and applied to the surface. The perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer formed from the casting solution provides an insoluble biocompatible protective matrix for the enzyme and acts to retain the enzyme for long term availability in the electrode structure. The carbon supported catalyst provides catalytic sites throughout the layer for the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide from the enzyme reactions. The carbon support then provides a conductive path for establishing an electrical signal to the electrical conductor. In one embodiment, the electrical conductor is a carbon cloth that permits oxygen or other gas to be introduced to the perfluorosulfonic polymer to promote the enzyme reaction independent of oxygen in the solution being tested.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. An enzyme electrode for generating an output signal functionally related to the concentration of a substance acted upon by a selected enzyme to generate hydrogen peroxide, comprising:
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a conductive support surface; and an enzyme layer formed on said surface, said enzyme layer comprised of a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, said selected enzyme, and particles of carbon supported catalyst selected from the platinum group disposed in said polymer to catalyze oxidation of said hydrogen peroxide and in a concentration effective to provide a conductive path to said conductive support surface for electrons from said oxidation reaction. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. In an enzyme electrode for generating an output signal functionally related to the concentration of a substance acted upon by a selected enzyme to generate hydrogen peroxide, where an enzyme layer is formed on a conductive support surface, an improved enzyme layer consisting of:
a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer, said selected enzyme, and particles of carbon supported catalyst selected from the platinum group disposed in said polymer to catalyze oxidation of said hydrogen peroxide and provide a conductive path to said conductive support surface for electrons from said oxidation reaction. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. An enzyme electrode according to claim 12, wherein said catalyst is platinum.
Specification