Thermal reactive structures

• US 5,234,798 A
• Filed: 10/04/1991
• Issued: 08/10/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Dittler Brothers, Inc. (RR Donnelley & Sons Company)
• Original Assignee: Dittler Brothers, Inc. (RR Donnelley & Sons Company)
• Inventors: Heninger, Byrne E., Ems, Stephen M., Stimpson, Donna C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bowers, Jr., Charles L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): McPherson, John A.
• Application Number:
  US07/771,482
• Time in Patent Office: 676 Days
• Field of Search: 430/273, 430/340, 430/346, 430/14, 430/21, 430/199, 430/292, 430/332, 430/320, 430/334, 430/964, 430/495, 428/29, 428/199, 503/200
• US Class Current: 430/340
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 3/0685 having a message becoming legible after a chemical reaction or physical action has taken place, e.g. applying pressure, heat treatment, spraying with a substance, breaking microcapsules use of microcapsules for duplicating paper B41M5/165
• CPC Class Codes: B41M 5/30 using chemical colour formers B41M5/34 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G03C 1/498 Photothermographic systems, e.g. dry silver
• CPC Class Codes: G03C 1/732 Leuco dyes
• CPC Class Codes: G03C 5/164 Infrared processes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 430/165 Thermal imaging composition
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24835 including developable image or soluble portion in coating or impregnation [e.g., safety paper, etc.]

Abstract

Structures for items such as promotional materials, game pieces, lottery tickets, security documents and other articles, which feature one or more thermal reactive layers that are activated by heat from a hidden image formed of infrared sensitive, heat generating material such as carbon black preprinted under the thermal reactive layers during manufacture. The thermal reactive layers permit transmission of radiant energy such as infrared to the heat generating, hidden layers. The heated image conducts heat to the thermal reactive layers which employ a coloring agent and a developer which, when exposed to the heat, react or act in concert in order to form a corresponding image on the face of the item.

Claims

1. A structure which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising:

(a) a sizing layer;

(b) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(c) at least one obscuration layer which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but which obscures observation of the image layer;

(d) at least one layer of overprint ink which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy; and

(e) at least one thermal reactive layer placed over the image layer, which thermal reactive layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy and which comprises;

(i) a coloring agent which is oxidized to change color in order to reveal the image; and

(ii) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes the coloring agent in the presence of heat.

2. A structure according to claim 1 in which the obscuration layer is formed of ink of the three primary colors.

3. A structure which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising:

(a) a sizing layer;

(b) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(c) at least one obscuration layer formed of ink of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer;

(d) at least one layer of overprint ink which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy; and

(e) at least one thermal reactive layer which is placed over the image layer, which thermal reactive layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, and which comprises;

(i) a coloring agent which is oxidized to change color in order to reveal the image;

(ii) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes the coloring agent in the presence of heat;

(iii) an inorganic filler; and

(iv) a varnish.

4. A structure which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising:

(a) a sizing layer;

(b) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises a material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(c) at least one obscuration layer comprising inks of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer;

(d) at least one layer of overprint ink which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy; and

(e) at least one thermal reactive layer which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, which generates an image corresponding to the hidden image when exposed to heat from the image, and which comprises

(1) a thermal developer;

(2) a leuco dye;

(3) a varnish;

(4) a sensitizer;

(5) an inorganic filler comprising calcium carbonate;

(6) a slip agent containing a fluorocarbon;

(7) a fluorescent pigment; and

a flow agent.

5. An article which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising a substrate to which is applied a structure that comprises:

(a) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises a material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(b) at least one obscuration layer comprising inks of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer; and

(c) at least one thermal reactive layer which is placed over the image layer, which thermal reactive layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, and which comprises;

(i) a coloring agent which is oxidized to change color in order to reveal the image;

(ii) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes the coloring agent in the presence of heat; and

(iii) a varnish.

11. The article of claim 5, wherein the material comprises carbon black.

6. An article which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising a substrate to which is applied a structure that comprises:

(a) a sizing layer;

(b) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(c) at least one obscuration layer comprising inks of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer;

(d) at least one layer of overprint ink which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy; and

(e) at least one thermal reactive layer which is placed over the image layer, which thermal reactive layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, and which comprises;

(i) a coloring agent which is oxidized to change color in order to reveal the image;

(ii) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes the coloring agent in the presence of heat;

(iii) an inorganic filler; and

(iv) a varnish.

7. An article according to claim 6 in which the thermal reactive layer further comprises a sensitizer which includes zinc stearate.

8. An article according to claim 6 in which the thermal reactive layer further includes an inorganic filler that includes calcium carbonate.

9. An article which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy, comprising a substrate to which is applied a structure that in turn comprises:

(a) a sizing layer;

(b) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises a material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(c) at least one obscuration layer comprising inks of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer;

(d) at least one layer of overprint ink which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy; and

(e) at least one thermal reactive layer which is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, which generates an image corresponding to the image when exposed to heat from the image, and which comprises

(1) a thermal developer;

(2) a leuco dye;

(3) a varnish;

(4) a sensitizer;

(5) an inorganic filler comprising calcium carbonate;

(6) a slip agent containing a fluorocarbon;

(7) a fluorescent pigment; and

a flow agent.

10. A structure which features an image upon exposure to radiant energy that comprises:

(a) at least one image layer featuring an image that comprises a material which, when exposed to the radiant energy, generates heat;

(b) at least one obscuration layer comprising inks of the three primary colors, which layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, but obscures observation of the image layer; and

(c) at least one thermal reactive layer which is placed over the image layer, which thermal reactive layer is penetrable by a portion of the radiant energy, and which comprises;

(i) a coloring agent which is oxidized to change color in order to reveal the image; and

(ii) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes the coloring agent in the presence of heat.

12. The structure of claim 10, wherein the material is carbon black.