Method and apparatus for determining the concentration of oxygen
First Claim
1. A method of determining the concentration of ground state molecular oxygen in a test sample, said method comprising:
- (a) exciting oxygen molecules of the test sample from the electronic ground state to the excited 1 Δ
g state (excited singlet state),(b) measuring a 1270-nm luminescence characteristic of the excited oxygen molecules in the test sample,(c) quantitatively correlating the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with standard values determined on the basis of a positive quantitative correlation between (i) 1270-nm luminescence signals of excited oxygen molecules in reference samples having known, pre-selected concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen and (ii) the concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen in the reference samples, and(d) quantifying the content of ground state molecular oxygen in the test sample on the basis of the quantitative correlation of the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with the standard values.
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Abstract
The concentration of molecular oxygen in a sample is determined by exciting oxygen molecules of the sample from the electronic ground state to the excited 1 Δg state (excited singlet state), measuring a 1270-nm luminescence characteristic of the excited oxygen molecules (singlet oxygen) and correlating the luminescence characteristic measured with the concentration of molecular oxygen in the sample. Normally, the 1270-nm luminescence characteristic is the 1270-nm luminescence intensity. Preferably, the oxygen molecules are excited by being subjected to diffusion contact with a sensitizer such as a porphyrin or a porphyrin-related compound, e.g. a transition metal complex of a porphyrin. The sensitizer is brought into an oxygen-exciting electronic state by absorption of electromagnetic radiation such as light, the oxygen-exciting electronic state optionally being adapted to the measuring system employed by means of a quencher such as a substituted polyene. The sensitizer may be present in an organic solvent or a polymer such as polyvinylchloride. The oxygen-containing sample is preferably a sample of biological origin such as a blood sample.
120 Citations
42 Claims
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1. A method of determining the concentration of ground state molecular oxygen in a test sample, said method comprising:
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(a) exciting oxygen molecules of the test sample from the electronic ground state to the excited 1 Δ
g state (excited singlet state),(b) measuring a 1270-nm luminescence characteristic of the excited oxygen molecules in the test sample, (c) quantitatively correlating the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with standard values determined on the basis of a positive quantitative correlation between (i) 1270-nm luminescence signals of excited oxygen molecules in reference samples having known, pre-selected concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen and (ii) the concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen in the reference samples, and (d) quantifying the content of ground state molecular oxygen in the test sample on the basis of the quantitative correlation of the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with the standard values. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A method of determining the concentration of ground state molecular oxygen in a test sample which is a fluid sample of biological origin having a molecular oxygen concentration at a physiological level, said method comprising:
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(a) exciting oxygen molecules of the test sample from the electronic ground state to the excited 1 Δ
g state (excited singlet state),(b) measuring a 1270-nm luminescence characteristic of the excited oxygen molecules in the test sample, (c) quantitatively correlating the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with standard values determined on the basis of a positive quantitative correlation between (i) 1270-nm luminescence signals of excited oxygen molecules in reference samples having known, pre-selected concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen and (ii) the concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen in the reference samples, and (d) quantifying the content of ground state molecular oxygen in the test sample on the basis of the quantitative correlation of the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with the standard values. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28)
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29. A system for determining the concentration of ground state molecular oxygen in a test sample, said system comprising:
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(a) means for exciting oxygen molecules of the test sample from the electronic ground state to the excited 1 Δ
g state (excited singlet state), said means comprising an electromagnetic radiation source and a sensitizing agent, said sensitizing agent being in diffusion contact with the sample,(b) means for measuring a 1270-nm luminescence characteristic of the excited oxygen molecules in the test sample, and (c) means for quantifying the content of ground state molecular oxygen in the test sample based on a quantitative correlation of the measured 1270-nm luminescence characteristic with standard values determined on the basis of a positive quantitative correlation between (i) 1270-nm luminescence signals of excited oxygen molecules in reference samples having known, pre-selected concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen and (ii) the concentrations of ground state molecular oxygen in the reference samples. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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Specification