Static-image signal generation apparatus using fuzzy theory

• US 5,243,666 A
• Filed: 10/31/1990
• Issued: 09/07/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 11/01/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Olympus Optical Corporation Limited (Olympus Corporation)
• Inventors: Nakagawa, Takehiro, Sasaki, Masahiko, Hasegawa, Jun, Yamashita, Shinji, Uchikubo, Akinobu, Saito, Katsuyuki, Sasagawa, Katsuyoshi, Uehara, Masao, Yajima, Akihiko
• Primary Examiner(s): Mancuso, Joseph
• Application Number:
  US07/800,906
• Time in Patent Office: 1,042 Days
• Field of Search: 382/6, 382/14, 382/15, 382/59, 382/65, 358/105, 358/98, 395/61, 395/3, 356/23, 354/62
• US Class Current: 382/107
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/045 Control thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/05 characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/0638 providing two or more wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1128 using image analysis A61B5/1127 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/2112 using still video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2101/00 Still video cameras
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/555 for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/68 for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/6811 based on the image signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/144 Movement detection for video coding H04N19/503; analysis of motion in general G06T7/20
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 706/90 Fuzzy logic

Abstract

A movement amount detected by a movement detection circuit on the basis of an image signal corresponding to an object image is input to a minimum value detection circuit. This detection circuit sets an operation time for the detection of the minimum value by using fuzzy inference on the basis of the movement amount and the gradient amount of the movement. An image signal corresponding to the smallest movement amount in this operation time is retained in a freeze memory. In this case, the operation time is set by fuzzy inference by using the movement amount and the gradient amount as factors for fuzzy inference so that the operation time can be set automatically to a time suitable for obtaining static images possessing a small amount of movement.

Claims

1. A static-image signal generation apparatus using fuzzy theory, comprising:

movement detection means that detects the movement amount of an image on the basis of an image signal which is input in correspondence with the image of an object and outputs a movement signal corresponding to said movement amount;

gradient detection means that detects the gradient of a movement amount on the basis of said movement signal output from said movement detection means;

minimum value detection means that detects a minimum value of movement amounts on the basis of said movement signal output from said movement detection means;

static-image specifying means that outputs a static image specifying signal for specifying a static image;

detection time setting means, actuated by said static image specifying signal, that sets the detection time for a minimum value detection by said minimum value detection means using fuzzy inference as factors for inferring respective outputs of said movement detection means and said gradient detection means; and

image storage/record means for retaining image signals corresponding to the smallest movement amount detected by said minimum value detection means within said detection time as a static image.

2. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said static image specifying means is a freeze switch.

3. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said image storage/record means is a memory means in which image signals corresponding to the smallest movement amount detected by said minimum value detection means are stored.

4. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a memory controlling means for controlling to store image signals input to said memory means and for controlling to read out image signals stored in the memory means.

5. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detection time setting means performs fuzzy processing such that the larger the movement amount detected by said movement detection means the lengthier said detection time is set.

6. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detection time setting means performs fuzzy processing such that the larger the gradient amount detected by said gradient detection means the lengthier said detection time is set.

7. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detection time setting means, actuated by said detection time determined by said fuzzy inference means as well as said static image specifying signal, includes a second detection time setting means that forcibly terminates the operation of the minimum value detection by means of said minimum value detection means after a lapse of a fixed time.

8. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detection time setting means includes a comparison means for comparing said detection time determined by said fuzzy inference means with a preset threshold value and forcibly terminates the operation of the minimum value detection by means of said minimum value detection means when said detection time is below said threshold value.

9. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said movement detection means includes a subtraction means for generating difference signals between a plurality of image signals of images photographed at different times and an absolute value generation means for obtaining the absolute value of the difference signal input from said subtraction means.

10. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said minimum value detection means includes a movement amount retaining means for retaining the movement amount detected by said movement detection means and a comparison means for comparing the movement amount detected by said movement detection means with the movement amount retained by said movement amount retaining means and for outputting an update signal for causing the movement amount detected by said movement detection means to be retained in said movement amount retaining means.

11. A static-image signal generation apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said minimum value detection means includes a gate means for regulating the passage of said update signal output from said detection time setting means during said detection time and controls to store/record image signals corresponding to the movement amount such that the update signal is output by the update signal after passing through the gate means.

12. An endoscope apparatus, comprising:

an endoscope having a long and narrow insertion section, an illumination light emission means for emitting illumination light from the front end of said insertion section, an object optical system disposed on the front end of said insertion section for forming the image of an object, and a solid-state image pickup device for photoelectrically converting optical images based on said optical system;

drive signal generation means for outputting drive signals by which signals photoelectrically converted by said solid-state image pickup device are read out;

signal processing means for performing signal processing on signals output from said solid-state image pickup device;

monitor means on which standard video signals output from said signal processing means are displayed; and

static-image signal generation means having a movement detection means that detects the movement amount of said object image on the basis of the image signal of the input end or the output end of said signal processing means and that outputs a movement signal corresponding to said movement amount, a gradient detection means that detects the gradient of the movement amount on the basis of said movement signal output from said movement detection means, a minimum value detection means that detects the minimum value of a movement amount on the basis of said movement signal output from said movement detection means, a static-image specifying means that outputs a static-image specifying signal specifying a static image, a detection time setting means, actuated by said static-image specifying signal, that sets a detection time for the minimum value detection by means of said minimum value detection means by using a fuzzy inference means as factors for inferring the outputs of said movement detection means and said gradient detection means, and an image storage/record means for retaining image signals corresponding to the smallest movement amount detected by said minimum value detection means within said detection time as a static image.

13. An endoscope apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said illumination light emission means is a frame sequence light emission means that chronologically emits illumination light of different wavelengths.

14. An endoscope apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said solid-state image pickup device is provided with a color filter for color separation in the front of its photoelectric conversion surface.

15. A static-image signal generation method, comprising the steps of:

detecting the movement amount of an image on the basis of input image signals in correspondence with an object image;

detecting the gradient of a movement amount on the basis of a signal corresponding to the movement amount output in said movement detection step;

detecting the minimum value of said movement amount on the basis of a signal corresponding to said movement amount, the step of which is actuated by a static-image specifying signal;

setting a detection time for the minimum value detection in said minimum value detection step by fuzzy inference, as factors for fuzzy-inferring signals output in both said movement detection step and said gradient detection step; and

storing/recording image signals corresponding to the smallest movement amount detected in said minimum value detection step within said detection time as a static image.

16. A static-image signal generation method as claimed in claim 15, wherein in said detection time setting step, inference is made such that the larger the movement amount detected in said movement detection step, the lengthier said detection time is set.

17. A static-image signal generation method as claimed in claim 15, wherein in said detection time setting step, inference is made such that the larger the gradient amount detected in said gradient detection step, the lengthier said detection time is set.

18. A static-image signal generation method as claimed in claim 15, wherein in said detection time setting step, a process, actuated by said static-image specifying signal, by which said detection time is forcibly finished after a lapse of a fixed time, is performed in addition to the process by which said detection time is set by said fuzzy inference.

19. An endoscope apparatus, comprising:

an endoscope having a long and narrow insertion section, an illumination light emission means for emitting illumination light from the front end of said insertion section, an object optical system disposed on the front end of said insertion section for forming the image of an object, and a solid-state image pickup device for photoelectrically converting an optical image based on said optical system;

signal processing means for performing signal processing on signals outputted from said solid-state image pickup device;

monitor means on which standard video signals outputted from said signal processing means are displayed; and

fuzzy inference means, contained in at least one of said illumination light emission means, said endoscope, said signal processing means, and said monitor means, for setting detection time in which said signals are processed.