Sensate and spacially responsive prosthesis

• US 5,246,463 A
• Filed: 02/21/1992
• Issued: 09/21/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Vincent C. Giampapa
• Original Assignee: Vincent C. Giampapa
• Inventors: Giampapa, Vincent C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Green, Randall L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Willse, D.
• Application Number:
  US07/840,915
• Time in Patent Office: 578 Days
• Field of Search: 623/24, 623/25, 623/57, 623/64, 623/60, 623/62, 600/28
• US Class Current: 623/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/12 Audiometering
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/583 Hands; Wrist joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/70 electrical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/5059 the feeling of position
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/5061 the sense of touch
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/5063 the feeling of temperature, i.e. of warmth or cold
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/543 Lower arms or forearms
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/6827 Feedback system for providing user sensation, e.g. by force, contact or position
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/704 computer-controlled, e.g. robotic control
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/7625 for measuring angular position
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/7635 for measuring force, pressure or mechanical tension
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/7665 for measuring temperatures

Abstract

A sensory input discrimination system for use with a prosthetic limb such as the prosthetic lower arm includes touch pressure transducers such that information regarding pressure upon portions of the prosthesis, temperature therein, and changes in position of joints thereof will result in a sonic frequencies of characteristic pattern. Such characteristic sonic frequency patterns are communicated to the sonic proximity vibratory receptors existent upon a bone stump of an amputation site correspondent to the connection of the prosthetic limb. Such receptors will resulting generate neural impulses having a signal pattern correlating to the sonic output patterns of a system power unit that will travel from the stump to the posterior columns of the spinal cord and, therefrom, to the brain. Discrimination of such impulses will be accomplished to enable recognition of pressure, upon the prosthesis. Information relative to temperature and spatial orientation of joints of the prosthesis is, via audio chip technology, provided to the ear. One musical octave will correspond to the extent of flexure of one joint while another octave will correspond to extent of flexure, or up/down position, of another joint.

Claims

1. A sensory input discrimination system for use with a prosthetic limb, the system comprising:

(a) a plurality of pairs of (i) sonic frequency generators and, in electrical communication therewith, (ii) pressure transducers, said generators and transducers disposed proximally to each other within a corresponding plurality of sites upon said prosthesis, said frequency generators having respective discrete sonic frequencies including a sequence of respectively increasing frequencies, said electrical communication between each of said frequency generators and its corresponding pressure transducer being open in the absence of contact pressure and closed in the presence of contact pressure, in which electrical communication will generate a discrete sonic frequency output from that site to which contact pressure has been applied;

(b) means for surgical connection of said sonic frequency generators into sonic proximity of vibratory receptors of a bone stump at an amputation site corresponding to the area of connection of the prosthetic limb;

(c) a plurality of position-dependent electronic means each associated with a bendable joint of interest of the prosthesis, each of said position-dependent means having a characteristic octave of musical notes corresponding to the extent of motion of the corresponding bendable joint, said position-dependent means including means for providing a characteristic audio frequency output within the ear of the user, said output corresponding to the extent of change of position of said joint; and

(d) means for providing power for the operation of said frequency generators, transducers and position-dependant means, said power unit positioned within said prosthetic limb, whereby said receptors will anatomically generate a neural impulse having a signal pattern correlative to said sonic output frequencies, which neural impulse will anatomically travel from said bone stump to the posterior columns of the spinal cord and, therefrom, to the brain wherein discrimination of such impulse will be accomplished by the brain to recognize the location of pressure, and said audio output will furnish to the ear of the user information regarding the position of the joints of the prosthesis.

2. The system as recited in claim 1 in which the number of said increasing sonic frequencies comprises three.

3. The system as recited in claim 2 in which said sequence of increasing frequencies comprises a generally logarithmically increasing sequence of frequencies.

4. The system as recited in claim 3, comprising:

(a) a 100 cycles sonic frequency generator disposed within a thumb of said prosthetic limb;

(b) a 400 cycle sonic frequency generator disposed within an index finger of a hand of said limb; and

(c) a 700 cycle sonic frequency generator disposed within one of three other digits of said hand of said limb.

5. The system as recited in claim 1 in which said pressure transducers comprise means for analog sensing of pressure.

6. The system as recited in claim 1 further comprising thermal sensing means within sites upon said limb, provided in pulse format to the ear of the user.

7. A positional discrimination system for use with a limb prosthesis, the system comprising:

(a) position-dependent means placed in said limb prosthesis in operative association with a bendable joint of said prosthesis and including means for providing an output characteristic to the ear of the user as an audio signal corresponding to the extent of change in position of said means;

(b) means for expressing said audio signal as an octave of musical notes, each of said notes corresponding to respective positions of said joint; and

(c) means for providing power for the operation of said expressing means of the position-dependent means.

8. The system as recited in claim 7 further comprising;

a plurality of said position-dependent means placed in each of various joints of the limb, each one of said means having a characteristic musical octave.

9. The system as recited in claim 8 comprising:

means for combining, within given time domains, more than one musical octave of said output characteristic of said position dependent means.

10. The system as recited in claim 7, further comprising:

thermal sensing means within sites upon said limb, including audio output means thereof provided to the ear of the user.

11. The system as recited in claim 10, further comprising:

(c) a plurality of pairs of (i) sonic frequency generators and, in electrical communication therewith, (ii) pressure transducers, said generators and transducers disposed proximally to each other within a corresponding plurality of sites upon said prosthesis, said frequency generators having respective discrete sonic frequencies, said electrical communication between each of said frequency generators and its corresponding pressure transducer open in the absence of contact pressure and closed in the presence of contact pressure, in which electrical communication will generate a discrete sonic frequency output from that site to which contact pressure has been applied; and

(d) means for surgical connection of said sonic frequency generators into sonic proximity of vibratory receptors of a bone stump at an amputation site corresponding to the area of connection of the prosthetic limb,

whereby said receptors will anatomically generate a neural impulse having a signal pattern correlative to said sonic output frequencies, which neural impulses will anatomically travel from said bone stump to the posterior columns of the spinal cord and, therefrom, to the brain wherein discrimination of such impulses will be readily accomplished by the brain to recognize the location of pressure and said audio signal will furnish to the ear information regarding the position of joints of the prosthesis.

12. The system as recited in claim 11 in which said position dependent means comprises a rotational encoder associated with the rotational motion of an axle of a servo-motor of the prosthesis controlling the joint of interest.