Flow imaging cytometer

• US 5,247,339 A
• Filed: 09/05/1991
• Issued: 09/21/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Ogino, Shinichi
• Primary Examiner(s): Rosenberger, Richard A.
• Application Number:
  US07/755,302
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 356/23, 356/39, 356/72, 356/73, 356/318, 356/417, 250/461.2, 382/6
• US Class Current: 356/73
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1427 with the synchronisation of components, a time gate for operation of components, or suppression of particle coincidences
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1433 using image recognition
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/1459 the analysis being performed on a sample stream
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2015/144 Imaging characterised by its optical setup
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/1774 Line array detector
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/1791 stroboscopic; pulse gated; time range gated
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6456 Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging

Abstract

A flow imaging cytometer, in which an image capturing area for cells traveling in the flow of a specimen solution is constantly monitored to perform cell photography in an efficient manner, is improved so that fluorescent images of cells can be acquired with greater efficiency. Cell particles to be sensed in the specimen are treated with a fluorescent stain, and the specimen solution is irradiated with light from a pulsed light source for exciting fluorescence, and with infrared light constantly for monitoring the passage of cells through the cytometer. When the monitoring light is made to serve also as the light for exciting fluorescence, the specimen flow is continuously irradiated at all times at a low luminance for the purpose of monitoring. Then, when a cell particle of interest is detected, the cell particle is irradiated with a light pulse of high luminance to obtain a still picture of the fluorescence-emitting cell. At detection of the cell, a source of white light can be actuated to acquire a white-light image of the cell.

Claims

1. A flow imaging cytometer comprising:

a flow cell formed to include a flat flow path for causing a specimen solution containing particle components to be sensed to flow as a flat stream;

a first light source arranged on a first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with light the quantity of which is switched;

first image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing still pictures of particle components in the specimen solution irradiated with high-luminance pulsed light from said first light source;

second image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing images of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated continuously with low-luminance light from said first light source;

processing means for executing prescribed analysis based upon image data from said first and second image capturing means; and

control means for detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and on the basis of such detection, switching said first light source over to irradiation with the high-luminance light, wherein the particle components to be sensed are treated with a fluorescent stain and said first light source is for exciting fluorescence.

2. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 1, further comprising:

a third light source arranged on a first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with pulsed white light; and

third image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing still pictures of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated by said third light source;

said control means for detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and on the basis of such detection, for switching said first light source over to irradiation with the high-luminance light and actuating said third light source after respective prescribed time delays.

3. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 2, wherein said first and third image capturing means each has a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, said second image capturing means has a linear image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means is formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing areas of said first and third image capturing means.

4. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 1, wherein said first image capturing means has a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, said second image capturing means has a linear image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means is formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing area of said first image capturing means.

5. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 4 or 3, further comprising means for forming the irradiating light from said first light source into an elongated elliptical shape.

6. A flow imaging cytometer comprising:

a flow cell including a flat flow path for causing a specimen solution containing particle components to be sensed to flow as a flat stream, said particle components being treated with a fluorescent stain;

a first light source arranged on a first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with fluorescence exciting pulsed light;

first image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing still pictures of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated by said first light source;

a second light source arranged on the first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with light constantly;

second image capturing means arranged on the second side of said flow cell for capturing images of the particle components irradiated by said second light source,

processing means for executing prescribed analysis based upon image data from said first and second image capturing means; and

control means for detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and, on the basis of such detection, actuating said first light source within an image capturing period of said first image capturing means, wherein said first image capturing means has a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, said second image capturing means has a linear image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means is formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing area of said first image capturing means.

7. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 6, wherein said second light source emits infrared light.

8. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 6, wherein said second light source emits exciting light for exciting fluorescence.

9. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 6, further comprising means for forming the irradiating light from said second light source into an elongated elliptical shape.

10. The flow imaging cytometer according any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising:

a third light source arranged on the first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with pulsed white light;

an electronic shutter means provided in front of the first image capturing means; and

a third image capturing means arranged on the second side of said flow cell for capturing still pictures of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated by said third light source;

said third image capturing means having a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, an image capturing area of the first image capturing means being formed so as to cross an image capturing area of the second image capturing means, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means being formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing area of said first and third image capturing means, and

said control means detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and, on the basis of such detection, actuating said first and third light sources after respective prescribed time delays within image capturing periods of said first and third image capturing means respectively.

11. A flow imaging cytometer comprising:

a flow cell including a flat flow path for causing a specimen solution containing particle components to be sensed to flow as a flat stream, said particle components being treated with a fluorescent stain;

a first light source arranged on a first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimen solution in said flow cell with fluorescence exciting pulsed light;

first image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing still pictures of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated by said first light source;

second image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing images of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated continuously with low-luminance light from said first light source;

processing means for executing prescribed analysis based upon image data from said first and second image capturing means; and

control means for detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and, on the basis of such detection, switching said first light source over to irradiation with the high-luminance light, wherein said first image capturing means has a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, said second image capturing means has a linear image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means is formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing area of said first image capturing means.

12. The flow imaging cytometer according to claim 11, further comprising means for forming the irradiating light from said first light source into an elongated elliptical shape.

13. The flow imaging cytometer according to any one of claims 11 or 12, further comprising;

a third light source arranged on a first side of said flow cell for irradiating the specimens solution in said flow cell with pulsed white light;

third image capturing means arranged on a second side of said flow cell for capturing white light still pictures of the particle components in the specimen solution irradiated by said third light source; and

an electronic shutter means provided in front of the first image capturing means;

said third image capturing means having a two-dimensional image capturing area on the flow of the specimen solution, an image capturing area of the first image capturing means being formed so as to cross an image capturing area of the third image capturing means, and the image capturing area of said second image capturing means being formed so as to cross the flow of the specimen solution within the image capturing areas of said first and third image capturing means,

said control means for detecting the particle components based upon the image data from said second image capturing means, and, on the basis of such detection, switching said first light source over to irradiation with the high-luminance light and actuating said third light source after respective minimum time delays and passing light at said shutter means during emitting the high-luminance light of the first light source and shielding light at said shutter means during emitting the light of the third light source.