TORX-compatible elliptical driver

• US 5,251,521 A
• Filed: 01/31/1992
• Issued: 10/12/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Bondhus Corporation
• Original Assignee: Bondhus Corporation
• Inventors: Blackston, Michael D., Burda, Dennis A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, James G.
• Application Number:
  US07/830,367
• Time in Patent Office: 620 Days
• Field of Search: 81/436, 81/461
• US Class Current: 81/460
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 15/005 with cross- or star-shaped cross-section
• CPC Class Codes: B25B 15/008 Allen-type keys

Abstract

A drive element for use with TORX.sup.® compatible fasteners with an elliptical cross-section attached to an elongated shaft along the central longitudinal axis of the shaft. The minor axis of the ellipse extends along the central longitudinal axis of the elongated shaft. The elliptical cross-sections of the drive element are located on planes which pass through the minor axis. A major axis plane perpendicular to the minor axis is located at the center of the drive element. The drive element has elevations forming drive lobes and depressions which traverse a longitudinal elliptical path on the surface of the drive element. The lobes and depressions are substantially complimentary to the inner surface of a fastener cavity at the major axis plane. Starting at the major axis plane, the lobes become narrower as they approach the minor axis. The centers of curvature for the tops of the lobes are a series of points which define a first reference circle on the major axis plane with the minor axis as the center. The centers of curvature for the bottoms of the depressions are a series of points which define a second reference circle concentric with the first circle, also on the major axis plane. The drive element of the present invention can effectively transmit increased levels of torque to the fastener even when pivoted with respect to the fastener cavity.

Claims

1. An elliptical driver for transmitting torque to a cavity in the head of a fastener, the inner surfaces of the cavity defining a continuous curve of uniformly distributed elevations and depressions parallel to a fastener axis passing longitudinally through the center of the fastener and the cavity, comprising:

a shaft with a central longitudinal axis; and

a drive element with an elliptical cross section secured to said shaft, said drive element having a minor axis extending along said central longitudinal axis of said shaft and a major axis plane perpendicular to said minor axis at the center of said drive element, said elliptical cross section located on planes containing said minor axis, said drive element having elevations forming drive lobes and depressions which traverse a longitudinal elliptical path on the surface of said drive element, said lobes and depressions being substantially complementary to the inner surface of the cavity at said major axis plane and said lobes becoming narrower as they approach said minor axis, the centers of curvature of the tops of said lobes being located at a plurality of points defining a first circle on said major axis plane with the center of said first circle being said minor axis, the centers of curvature of the bottom of said depressions located at a plurality of points defining a second circle concentric with said first circle on said major axis plane, and a center line perpendicular to the fastener axis defining a mid point in the depth of the cavity so that the intersection of said minor and said major axis of said drive element is located below the center line when engaged with the cavity, whereby said drive element can effectively transmit tongue to the fastener even when pivoted with respect to the fastener axis.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transitions between said lobes and said depressions on said drive element are continuous.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein drive element has six depressions and six elevations.

4. An elliptical driver for transmitting torque to a cavity in the head of a fastener, the inner surfaces of the cavity defining a continuous curve of uniformly distributed elevations and depressions parallel to a fastener axis passing longitudinally through the center of the fastener and the cavity, comprising:

a shaft with a central longitudinal axis; and

a drive element with an elliptical cross section secured to said shaft, said drive element having a minor axis extending along said central longitudinal axis of said shaft and a major axis plane perpendicular to said minor axis at the center of said drive element, said elliptical cross section located on planes containing said minor axis, said drive element having elevations forming drive lobes and depressions which traverse a longitudinal elliptical path on the surface of said drive element, said lobes and depressions being substantially complementary to the inner surface of the cavity at said major axis plane and said lobes becoming narrower as they approach said minor axis, the centers of curvature of the tops of said lobes being located at a plurality of points defining a first circle on said major axis plane with the center of said first circle being said minor axis, the centers of curvature of the bottom of said depressions located at a plurality of points defining a second circle concentric with said first circle on said major axis plane, and a center line perpendicular to the fastener axis defining a mid point in the depth of the cavity so that the intersection of said minor and said major axis of said drive element is located below the center line when said drive element is engaged with the cavity at angle with respect to the fastener axis, whereby said drive element can effectively transmit torque to the fastener even when pivoted with respect to the fastener axis.