Portable particle detector assembly

• US 5,255,089 A
• Filed: 03/26/1992
• Issued: 10/19/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Haller, Kurt L., Dybas, David E., Patterson, Edward F., Selwyn, Gary S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Britton, Howard W.
• Application Number:
  US07/858,183
• Time in Patent Office: 572 Days
• Field of Search: 358/93, 358/101, 358/106, 358/107, 382/8, 250/574, 356/337, 356/338, 356/339
• US Class Current: 348/126
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/183 for receiving images from a single remote source

Abstract

A portable particle detector assembly for detecting particle contamination in the reaction chamber of a plasma processing tool used in semiconductor manufacture. The detector is comprised of a scanner assembly for providing a scanned laser beam and a video camera placed opposite the scanner assembly for monitoring light scattered by particles within the volume of the reaction chamber.

Claims

1. A particle detector comprising:

laser means for generating laser light;

scanner means for scanning said laser light into a reaction chamber of a plasma processing tool within which particles are to be detected, said scanner means comprising;

a light tight enclosure;

coupling means for coupling the laser light into said enclosure;

moving mirror means aligned with said coupling means for deflecting laser light from said scanning means in a scanning motion; and

a window in said enclosure adapted to be fitted adjacent a window of said plasma processing tool and through which the laser light is propagated;

video camera means for generating a video signal of laser light scattered by particles within said plasma processing tool; and

processing means for processing and displaying an image of said video signal.

2. The particle detector recited in claim 1 further comprising positioning means within said light tight enclosure for moving said moving mirror means in a direction perpendicular to said scanning motion to align scanned laser light with a plasma sheath within said reaction chamber.

3. The particle detector recited in claim 1 further including interlock means for enabling power to said laser means only when said scanner means and said video camera means are attached to said plasma processing tool and said tool is evacuated so as to prevent escape of laser light from said plasma particle detector.

4. The particle detector recited in claim 3 wherein said light tight enclosure comprises part of an evacuated chamber in communication with said laser means, said particle detector further comprising pressure sensor means connected to said evacuated chamber for generating an electrical signal to said interlock means, said interlock means disabling power to said laser means if pressure within said evacuated chamber exceeds a predetermined threshold.

5. A particle detector comprising:

laser means for generating laser light;

scanner means for scanning said laser light into a reaction chamber of a plasma processing tool within which particles are to be detected, said scanner means comprising a spot-to-line fiber optic bundle cable having a circular, closely-packed end adjacent said laser means and another end spread into an array of individual fibers, linearly aligned, the linearly aligned array of individual fibers being adjacent a window of said plasma processing tool and serving to disperse light along a scan line;

video camera means for generating a video signal of laser light scattered by particles within said plasma processing tool; and

processing means for processing and displaying an image of said video signal.

6. The particle detector recited in claim 5 wherein said light tight enclosure comprises part of an evacuated chamber in communication with said laser means, said particle detector further comprising pressure sensor means connected to said evacuated chamber for generating an electrical signal to said interlock means, said interlock means disabling power to said laser means if pressure within said evacuated chamber exceeds a predetermined threshold.

7. The particle detector recited in claim 6 further comprising positioning means for moving said linearly aligned array in directions perpendicular to said array to align scanned laser light with a plasma sheath within said reaction chamber.

8. A particle detector comprising:

laser means for generating laser light, wherein said laser means generates a spectrum of laser light including red, green and blue light wavelengths;

scanner means for scanning said laser light into a volume within which particles are to be detected;

video camera means for generating a video signal of laser light scattered by particles within said volume; and

processing means for processing and displaying an image of said video signal, said processing means analyzing said spectrum of laser light to provide an indication of changing particle size during a plasma process.

9. The particle detector recited in claim 8 wherein said laser means comprises a plurality of lasers each generating a respective one of said red, green and blue light wavelengths.

10. The particle detector recited in claim 8 wherein said laser means comprises a single laser capable of sequential and tunable generation of said red, green and blue light wavelengths.

11. The particle detector recited in claim 8 wherein said processing means comprises:

a video display monitor for displaying an image defined by said video signal; and

a video cassette recorder for recording said video signal.

12. The particle detector recited in claim 8 wherein said processing means comprises:

video subtractor means connected to receive said video signal for subtracting from said video signal background images and generating a difference signal; and

a video display monitor connected to said video subtractor means for displaying an image defined by said difference signal.

13. The particle detector recited in claim 12 wherein said processing means further comprises video analyzer means connected between said camera means and said video display monitor for comparing said video signal with a predetermined threshold to provide a quantitative measure of light scattering intensity.

14. The particle detector recited in claim 12 wherein said processing means further comprises:

digitizer means connected to said video subtractor means for digitizing frames of said difference signal; and

storage means connected to receive digitized frames of said difference signal for providing archival storage of said digitized frames.

15. A particle detector comprising:

laser means for generating laser light;

scanner means for scanning said laser light into a reaction chamber of a plasma processing tool within which particles are to be detected;

video camera means for generating a video signal of laser light scattered by particles within said volume;

processing means for processing and displaying an image of said video signal, wherein said processing means comprises;

video subtractor means connected to receive said video signal for subtracting from said video signal background images and generating a difference signal;

a video display monitor connected to said video subtractor means for displaying an image defined by said difference signal;

digitizer means connected to said video subtractor means for digitizing frames of said difference signal;

storage means connected to receive digitized frames of said difference signal for providing archival storage of said digitized frames; and

computer means for accessing frames of said difference signal stored on said storage means and analyzing the accessed frames to provide an indication of performance of said plasma processing tool, said computer means providing an output to said video display monitor.

16. The particle detector recited in claim 15 wherein said processing means further comprises video detector means connected between said video subtractor means and said video digitizer means for increasing contrast of a video image defined by said video signal.

17. The particle detector recited in claim 15 further comprising alarm means connected to said computer means for generating an alarm and stop operation of said plasma tool if the intensity of detected particles exceeds a predetermined threshold.