Method for reducing pollution emissions from a diesel engine
First Claim
1. A method for increasing the combustion efficiency of a diesel engine comprisinga) preparing a diesel engine such that the injection timing thereof is set before top dead center at a level sufficient to obtain reductions in the nitrogen oxides emissions from the engine;
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.1 PtR.sup.1 R.sup.2 wherein L1 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous or acetylenic monodentate ligands; and
R1 and R2 are each, independently, substituted or unsubstituted methyl, benzyl, aryl, cyclooc-tadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene;
ii) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.2 M.sup.1 R.sup.3 wherein L2 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous or acetylenic monodentate ligands;
M1 is rhodium or iridium; and
R3 is cyclooctadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene;
iii) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.3 M.sup.2 (C.sub.r R.sup.4.sub.4) wherein L3 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous monodentate ligands;
M2 is a platinum, palladium, rhodium or iridium; and
R4 is COOR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 10 carbons;
iv) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.4 M.sup.3 (COOR.sup.6).sub.2or a dimer thereof, wherein L4 is a non-nitrogenous cyclic polyolefin ligand;
M3 is platinum or iridium; and
R6 is alkyl;
v) a composition comprising the reaction product of L5 RhX and R7 MgX wherein L5 is a non-nitrogenous cyclic polyolefin ligand;
R7 is methyl, benzyl, aryl, cyclooctadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene; and
X is a halide, wherein said platinum group metal compound is provided in an amount effective to supply from 0.01 to 1.0 parts per million of platinum group metal per part of fuel.vi) palladium acetylene complexes having the general formula ##STR4## wherein R8 is aryl or alkyl; and
R9 is aryl;
vii) metal allyl complexes having the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.sup.r (C.sub.3 H.sub.5).sub.3 wherein M4 is rhodium or iridium;
viii) platinum (IV) compositions having the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.9.sub.3 PtR.sup.10 wherein R9 is aryl, alkyl or mixtures thereof; and
R10 is hydroxyl, acetylacetonate, cyclopentadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene; and
ix) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.6 M.sup.5 R.sup.13 wherein L6 is substituted or unsubstituted butadiene or cyclohexadiene;
M5 is rhodium or iridium; and
R13 is cyclopentadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene, wherein said compositionA. is resistant to breakdown under ambient temperatures;
B. contains no more than about 500 ppm phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or halides; and
C. has a partition ratio sufficient to maintain preferential solubility in the fuel.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The invention presented relates to a method for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides from a diesel engine without significant loss of fuel efficiency and without significant increases in carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions. The method involves preparing a diesel engine such that the injection timing thereof is set at a point sufficient to obtain reductions in the nitrogen oxides emissions from the engine; and firing the diesel engine with a diesel fuel having admixed therein an additive which comprises a fuel soluble organometallic platinum group metal coordination composition.
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Citations
12 Claims
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1. A method for increasing the combustion efficiency of a diesel engine comprising
a) preparing a diesel engine such that the injection timing thereof is set before top dead center at a level sufficient to obtain reductions in the nitrogen oxides emissions from the engine; - and
b) firing the diesel engine with a diesel fuel having admixed therein an additive which comprises a fuel soluble organometallic platinum group metal coordination composition selected from the group consisting of i) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.1 PtR.sup.1 R.sup.2wherein L1 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous or acetylenic monodentate ligands; and
R1 and R2 are each, independently, substituted or unsubstituted methyl, benzyl, aryl, cyclooc-tadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene;ii) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.2 M.sup.1 R.sup.3wherein L2 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous or acetylenic monodentate ligands;
M1 is rhodium or iridium; and
R3 is cyclooctadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene;iii) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.3 M.sup.2 (C.sub.r R.sup.4.sub.4)wherein L3 is either a single cyclic polyolefin or nitrogenous bidentate ligand or a pair of nitrogenous monodentate ligands;
M2 is a platinum, palladium, rhodium or iridium; and
R4 is COOR5, wherein R5 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 10 carbons;iv) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.4 M.sup.3 (COOR.sup.6).sub.2or a dimer thereof, wherein L4 is a non-nitrogenous cyclic polyolefin ligand;
M3 is platinum or iridium; and
R6 is alkyl;v) a composition comprising the reaction product of L5 RhX and R7 MgX wherein L5 is a non-nitrogenous cyclic polyolefin ligand;
R7 is methyl, benzyl, aryl, cyclooctadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene; and
X is a halide, wherein said platinum group metal compound is provided in an amount effective to supply from 0.01 to 1.0 parts per million of platinum group metal per part of fuel.vi) palladium acetylene complexes having the general formula ##STR4## wherein R8 is aryl or alkyl; and
R9 is aryl;
vii) metal allyl complexes having the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">M.sup.r (C.sub.3 H.sub.5).sub.3wherein M4 is rhodium or iridium; viii) platinum (IV) compositions having the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">R.sup.9.sub.3 PtR.sup.10wherein R9 is aryl, alkyl or mixtures thereof; and
R10 is hydroxyl, acetylacetonate, cyclopentadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene; andix) a composition of the general formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">L.sup.6 M.sup.5 R.sup.13wherein L6 is substituted or unsubstituted butadiene or cyclohexadiene;
M5 is rhodium or iridium; and
R13 is cyclopentadiene or pentamethyl cyclopentadiene, wherein said compositionA. is resistant to breakdown under ambient temperatures; B. contains no more than about 500 ppm phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or halides; and C. has a partition ratio sufficient to maintain preferential solubility in the fuel. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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Specification