Temperature compensated optical detector

• US 5,266,792 A
• Filed: 10/28/1991
• Issued: 11/30/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 10/28/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Simmonds Precision Products, Inc. (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Spillman, William B. Jr., Crowne, David H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Application Number:
  US07/783,503
• Time in Patent Office: 764 Days
• Field of Search: 250/214 R, 250/214 C, 250/226, 250/239, 356/406, 356/407, 356/405
• US Class Current: 250/214.00C
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/18 using comparison with a reference electric value
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2001/1615 Computing a difference/sum ratio, i.e. (Im - Ir) / (Im + Ir)
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2001/444 Compensating; Calibrating, e.g. dark current, temperature drift, noise reduction or baseline correction; Adjusting
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/10 Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/50 using electric radiation detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 9/00 Measuring optical phase difference devices or arrangements for controlling the phase of light beams G02F1/01; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength spectrometry G01J3/00

Abstract

An optical wavelength detector includes a photoelectric device that produces a signal in response to incident light thereon corresponding to a characteristic of the incident light such as wavelength. A light source is provided that can selectively expose light to the photoelectric device. A memory device stores device characterization data that corresponds wavelength information to current ratio signals from the photoelectric device. The current ratio signals are digitized and form part of the address for the memory. In a temperature compensated embodiment, the optical wavelength detector includes means to determine a temperature dependent electrical characteristic of the photoelectric device. In the preferred embodiment this electrical characteristic is the forward bias voltage detected when a predetermined forward bias current is applied to the photoelectric device in the dark. The temperature dependent forward bias voltage is converted to a digital signal and provides another part of the digital address for the memory. The memory generates a temperature compensated signal that corresponds to the incident light wavelength.

Claims

1. An optical detector comprising a photoelectric device that produces a light response signal in response to a characteristic of light incident on said device;

light means for selectively exposing said device to light from a source;

means for determining a temperature dependent electrical characteristic of said device that is independent of said light characteristic; and

temperature compensating means that produces in response to said light response signal and said device electrical characteristic a detector output that corresponds to said light characteristic and that is compensated for operating temperature of said device.

2. An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said electrical characteristic is a current produced by said device in response to a predetermined voltage applied to said device.

3. An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said electrical characteristic is a voltage produced by said device in response to a predetermined current applied to said device.

4. An optical detector according to claim 3 wherein said means for determining a temperature dependent electrical characteristic of said device applies a current to said device and determines a voltage produced by said device in response to said current when said device is dark.

5. An optical detector according to claim 4 wherein said means for determining a temperature dependent electrical characteristic of said device applies a forward bias current to said device and detects a forward bias voltage produced in response thereto.

6. An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said temperature compensating means includes a memory for storing a look-up table of temperature compensated light response data for said device.

7. An optical detector according to claim 6 wherein said temperature compensating means further includes address means that converts said temperature dependent electrical characteristic into part of an address signal for said memory and that converts said device light response signal into another part of said address signal, said memory providing an output in response to said address with said memory output, corresponding to said characteristic of the incident light.

8. An optical detector according to claim 7 wherein said look-up table corresponds wavelength of light incident on said device with said device light response signal.

9. An optical detector according to claim 8 wherein said address means includes a pair of analog-to-digital converters and said photoelectric device is a pair of photodiodes both illuminated by said light source.

10. An optical detector according to claim 9 wherein said light means includes optic fibers between said light source and said photoelectric device and further includes means for interrupting light to said photoelectric device at predetermined times.

11. An optical detector according to claim 6 wherein said look-up table contains correction data for compensating said device light response signal in relation to operating temperature of said device.

12. An optical detector according to claim 11 wherein said temperature compensating means further includes means for adjusting said device light response signal as a function of said offset data.

13. An optical detector according to claim 1 wherein said temperature compensating means includes means for adjusting said device light response signal by linear extrapolation as a function of said temperature dependent electrical characteristic.

14. A circuit for determining a characteristic of light comprising:

a light responsive device that produces a signal in response to the characteristic of incident light thereon;

a source of light exposed to said device;

addressable memory means for storing data corresponding to said light characteristic as a function of said device optical signal; and

means to convert directly said device optical signal to an address for said memory means, said memory means producing in direct response to said address an output that corresponds to said characteristic of light.

15. The circuit according to claim 14 wherein said means to convert is an analog to digital converter that produces a digitized address output connected to an address input of said memory means.

16. The circuit according to claim 15 wherein said memory means is a programmable read only memory.

17. The circuit according to claim 14 wherein said stored data corresponds to wavelength of said incident light and is compensated for operating temperatures of said device.

18. The circuit according to claim 17 further comprising means to determine operating temperature of said device, wherein said means to convert modifies said address in relation to said device operating temperature.

19. The circuit according to claim 18 wherein said wavelength data is stored in groups in said memory means with each of said groups having one or more data values corresponding to wavelength of said incident light as a function of said device optical signal, each of said groups having a unique address location corresponding to operating temperature of said device.

20. The circuit according to claim 19 wherein said means to determine operating temperature of said device produces an output that forms part of an address for said memory means.

21. The circuit according to claim 20 wherein said light source includes means for interrupting light to said device during which said device operating temperature is determined.

22. A method for determining a characteristic of light comprising the steps of:

a) providing a light responsive device that produces a temperature dependent optical signal corresponding to the characteristic of incident light thereon;

b) exposing said device to incident light from a source and detecting said optical signal;

c) interrupting said incident light to said device;

d) detecting a temperature dependent electrical characteristic of the dark device; and

e) compensating said optical signal as a function of said detected electrical characteristic to provide an output that corresponds to the characteristic of the incident light.

23. A method of claim 22 wherein said temperature dependent electrical characteristic is a forward bias voltage produced in response to applying a predetermined forward bias current to the dark device.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein the characteristic of light corresponds to the wavelength.

25. A method for determining a characteristic of light comprising the steps of:

a) using a light response device to produce an output that corresponds to the light characteristic;

b) exposing the device to light;

c) using an addressable memory that stores a look-up table of light characteristic data as a function of the device output;

d) directly converting the device output to an address for the memory; and

e) producing an output from the memory in direct response to said address and that corresponds to the light characteristic.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the light responsive device is a color sensor that produces two signals that each corresponds to wavelength of light incident on the device, further comprising the step of determining a difference over sum ratio of the two color sensor signals

27. The method of claim 25 further comprising the step of modifying said address as a function of operating temperature of the device.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the step of storing a look-up table in the memory includes storing the light characteristic data in groups with each group having characteristic data for the device at a predetermined operating temperature.