Steering control system for vehicle

• US 5,267,160 A
• Filed: 04/30/1991
• Issued: 11/30/1993
• Est. Priority Date: 05/02/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Yamamura, Yoshinori, Ito, Ken
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Application Number:
  US07/693,286
• Time in Patent Office: 945 Days
• Field of Search: 364/424.05, 364/424.01, 280/91, 180/79.1, 180/140, 180/141
• US Class Current: 701/42
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 6/02 responsive only to vehicle speed
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 6/04 responsive only to forces disturbing the intended course of the vehicle, e.g. forces acting transversely to the direction of vehicle travel
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 7/159 characterised by computing methods or stabilisation processes or systems, e.g. responding to yaw rate, lateral wind, load, road condition

Abstract

A steering control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprises a steering actuator for steering the vehicle by varying one of front and rear wheel steer angles in response to a control signal representing a control steering input, a sensor for sensing a vehicle motion such as a yaw rate, and a controller for controlling the vehicle motion by producing the control signal. The controller determines an estimated vehicle motion variable from a driver'"'"'s steering command and the control steering input by using one or more predetermined estimator transfer characteristics, compares the sensed and estimated vehicle motion variables to determine a deviation therebetween, and determines the control steering input so as to reduce the deviation by using a predetermined compensator transfer characteristic and a predetermined filter transfer characteristic for filtering the deviation.

Claims

1. A steering control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to a control signal representing a control steering input;

a sensing means for sensing an actual vehicle motion variable of said vehicle; and

a controlling means for determining an estimated vehicle motion variable corresponding to said control steering input by using a predetermined estimator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating a vehicle steering response to a steering input, producing a deviation signal representing a deviation of said actual vehicle motion variable from said estimated vehicle motion variable, and further producing said control signal in accordance with said deviation signal so as to reduce said deviation by using a predetermined compensator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating the steering input to the vehicle steering response, and a predetermined filter transfer characteristic, said compensator transfer characteristic being in the form of a fraction where the denominator of said fraction comprises said estimator transfer characteristic.

2. A steering control system according to claim 1 wherein said controlling means comprises a feedback compensating means for receiving said deviation signal and determining said control steering input in accordance with said deviation by using said compensator transfer characteristic and said filter transfer characteristic, and an estimating means for receiving said control signal and determining said estimated vehicle motion variable in accordance with said control steering input by using said estimator transfer characteristic.

3. A steering control system according to claim 2 wherein said estimating means includes an integrating means for approximating a mathematical process of integration and determining said estimated motion variable by solving a differential equation.

4. A steering control system according to claim 3 wherein said sensing means comprises a vehicle motion sensing means for sensing said vehicle motion variable, and a vehicle speed sensing means for sensing a vehicle speed of said vehicle, and said estimator transfer characteristic of said estimating means comprises a parameter which is dependent on said vehicle speed.

5. A steering control system according to claim 1, wherein said steering means comprises a primary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle by varying an actual front wheel steer angle of said wheeled vehicle in accordance with a driver'"'"'s steering command, and an auxiliary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to said control signal, said sensing means comprises a vehicle motion sensing means for sensing said actual vehicle motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, and said control system further comprises a commanding means for producing a steering command signal representing the driver'"'"'s steering command.

6. A steering control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to a control signal representing a control steering input;

a sensing means for sensing an actual vehicle motion variable of said vehicle; and

a controlling means for determining an estimated vehicle motion variable corresponding to said control steering input by using a predetermined estimator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating a vehicle steering response to a steering input, producing a deviation signal representing a deviation of said actual vehicle motion variable from said estimated vehicle motion variable, and further producing said control signal in accordance with said deviation signal so as to reduce said deviation by using a predetermined compensator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating the steering input to the vehicle steering response, and a predetermined filter transfer characteristic,

wherein said steering means comprises a primary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle by varying an actual front wheel steer angle of said wheeled vehicle in accordance with a driver'"'"'s steering command, and an auxiliary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to said control signal, said sensing means comprises a vehicle motion sensing means for sensing said actual vehicle motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, and said control system further comprises a commanding means for producing a steering command signal representing the driver'"'"'s steering command, and

wherein said controlling means comprises an estimating means for receiving said steering command signal and said control signal, determining a first estimated vehicle output resulting from said steering command by using a first estimator transfer characteristic for determining the vehicle steering response from the steering input, further determining a second estimated vehicle output resulting from said control input by using a second estimator transfer characteristic for determining the vehicle steering response from the steering input, and further determining said estimated vehicle motion variable which is a sum of said first and second estimated vehicle outputs.

7. A steering control system according to claim 6 wherein said controlling means further comprises a comparing means for comparing said actual vehicle motion variable with said estimated vehicle motion variable and producing said deviation signal, and a feedback compensating means for producing said control signal in accordance with said deviation signal by using said compensator transfer characteristic which is in a form of a function of said second estimator transfer characteristic and which is designed to determine a steering input from a vehicle response.

8. A steering control system according to claim 7 wherein said feedback compensating means of said controlling means includes a means for determining said control steering input by using said compensator transfer characteristic which is in an inverse form of said estimator transfer characteristic, and said filter transfer characteristic which is such a characteristic that a steady state gain is equal to one, and a difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said filter transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than a difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said estimator transfer characteristic.

9. A steering control system according to claim 8 wherein said sensing means further comprises a vehicle speed sensing means for sensing a vehicle speed of said vehicle, and said estimating means includes a means for determining said estimated vehicle motion variable by using said first and second estimator transfer characteristics each of which has at least one parameter which is dependent on said vehicle speed.

10. A steering control system according to claim 9 wherein said feedback compensating means comprises a filtering means for receiving said deviation signal and producing a filter output signal from said deviation signal according to said filter transfer characteristic, and a steer angle determining means for receiving said filter output signal and producing said control signal from said filter output signal according to said compensator transfer characteristic.

11. A steering control system according to claim 10 wherein said vehicle motion sensing means comprises a yaw rate sensor for sensing an actual yaw rate of said wheel vehicle, and said controlling means includes a means for receiving said actual yaw rate as said actual vehicle motion variable, and determining an estimated yaw rate as said estimated vehicle motion variable.

12. A steering control system according to claim 7 wherein said controlling means further comprises a feedforward compensating means for determining a feedforward control steering input from said steering command by using a predetermined reference model, whereas said feedback compensating means determines a feedback control steering input according to said compensator transfer characteristic and said filter transfer characteristic, and said controlling means further comprising a summing means for producing said control signal lo representing a sum of said feedforward control input and said feedback control steering input.

13. A steering control system according to claim 12 wherein said feedforward compensating means includes a means for determining said feedforward control steering input by using a predetermined reference transfer characteristic representing said reference model, and said first and second estimator transfer characteristics.

14. A steering control system according to claim 13 wherein said feedforward compensating means includes a means for determining a desired first controlled motion variable representing a desired vehicle steering response from said steering command according to said reference transfer characteristic and further determining said feedforward control steering input so as to achieve said desired first controlled motion variable.

15. A steering control system according to claim 13 wherein said feedforward compensating means includes a means for determining said feedforward control input so as to control a first controlled variable representing a vehicle steering response, and said feedback compensating means includes a means for determining said feedback control input so as to control a second controlled variable which is different from said first controlled variable.

16. A steering control system according to claim 15 wherein said vehicle motion sensing means comprises a yaw rate sensor for sensing an actual yaw rate of said wheeled vehicle, said motion estimating means includes a means for determining an estimated yaw rate as said estimated vehicle motion variable which represents a vehicle steering response of yawing motion, and said feedback compensating means includes a means for determining said feedforward control input so as to control said first controlled variable representing a vehicle steering response of side translation motion.

17. A steering control system according to claim 7 wherein said commanding means comprises a steering wheel, said primary steering means comprises a front steering linkage mechanically connecting said steering wheel with front wheels of said wheeled vehicle, said auxiliary steering means comprises a front auxiliary steering actuator for steering said front wheels of said wheeled vehicle in response to a front wheel control signal representing an auxiliary front wheel steer angle, and a rear auxiliary steering actuator for steering rear wheels of said wheeled vehicle in response to a rear control signal representing an auxiliary rear wheel steer angle, said vehicle motion sensing means comprises a yawing motion sensing means for sensing an actual yawing motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, and a side motion sensing means for sensing an actual side motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, said estimating means comprises a yawing motion estimating means for determining an estimated yawing motion variable from said steering command, said auxiliary front wheel steer angle and said auxiliary rear wheel steer angle by using a first yawing motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a first estimated yawing output from said steering command, a second yawing motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a second estimated yawing output from said auxiliary front wheel steer angle and a third yawing motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a third estimated yawing output from said auxiliary rear wheel steer angle, and a side motion estimating means for determining an estimated side motion variable from said steering command, said auxiliary front wheel steer angle and said auxiliary rear wheel steer angle by using a first side motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a first estimated side motion output from said steering command, a second side motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a second estimated side motion output from said auxiliary front wheel steer angle and a third side motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a third estimated side motion output from said auxiliary rear wheel steer angle, said comparing means comprises a means for determining a yawing deviation between said actual yawing motion variable and said estimated yawing motion variable and a means for determining a side motion deviation between said actual side motion variable and said estimated side motion variable, and said feedback compensating means includes a means for determining said auxiliary front and rear wheel steer angles from said yawing deviation and said side motion deviation so as to reduce said yawing deviation and said side motion deviation by using said second and third yawing estimator transfer characteristics, said second and third side motion estimator transfer characteristics, a predetermined filter transfer characteristic relating to a yawing motion and a second filter transfer characteristic relating to a side motion.

18. A steering control system according to claim 17 wherein said feedback compensating means includes a means for producing said front and rear control signals by using said first filter transfer characteristic which is such a characteristic that a steady state gain is equal to one, and an order difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said filter transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than a difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said second yawing estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said second yawing estimator transfer characteristic and that said order difference of said first filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than an order difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said estimator transfer characteristic.

19. A steering control system according to claim 18 wherein said feedback compensating means includes a means for producing said front and rear control signals by using said second filter transfer characteristic which is such a characteristic that a steady state gain is equal to one, and an order difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said second filter transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said second filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than an order difference resulting from subtraction lo of an order of a numerator of said second side motion estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said second side motion estimator transfer characteristic and that said order difference of said second filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than an order difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said third side motion estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said third side motion estimator transfer characteristic.

20. A steering control system according to claim 19 wherein

said sensing means further comprises a vehicle speed sensing means for sensing a vehicle speed of said vehicle, said yawing motion estimating means includes a means for determining said estimated yawing motion variable by using said first, second and third yawing motion estimator transfer characteristics each of which has at least one parameter which is dependent on said vehicle speed, and

said side motion estimating means includes a means for lo determining said estimated side motion variable by using said first, second and third side motion estimator transfer characteristics each of which has at least one parameter which is dependent on said vehicle speed.

21. A steering control system according to claim 20 wherein said controlling means further comprises a feedforward compensating means for determining a feedforward control front wheel steer angle and a feedforward control rear wheel steer angle from said steering command by using a predetermined reference model, whereas said feedback compensating means determines a feedforward control input, said controlling means further comprising a summing means for producing said front control signal by adding said auxiliary front wheel steer angle lo determined by said feedback compensating means and said feedforward control front wheel steer angle determined by said feedforward compensating means, and said rear control signal by adding said auxiliary rear wheel steer angle determined by said feedback compensating means and said feedforward control rear wheel steer angle determined by said feedforward compensating means.

22. A steering control system according to claim 21 wherein said feedforward compensating means includes a means for determining said front and rear wheel steer angles so as to achieve a desired yawing motion variable determined in accordance with said steering command by a predetermined reference yawing transfer characteristic, and a desired side motion variable determined in accordance with said steering command by a predetermined reference side motion transfer characteristic.

23. A steering control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to a control signal representing a control steering input;

a sensing means for sensing an actual vehicle motion variable of said vehicle; and

a controlling means for determining an estimated vehicle motion variable corresponding to said control steering input by using a predetermined estimator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating a vehicle steering response to a steering input, producing a deviation signal representing a deviation of said actual vehicle motion variable from said estimated vehicle motion variable, and further producing said control signal in accordance with said deviation signal so as to reduce said deviation by using a predetermined compensator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating the steering input to the vehicle steering response, and a predetermined filter transfer characteristic,

wherein said control system further comprises a commanding means for producing a steering command signal representing a driver'"'"'s steering command, and said controlling means comprises a first steering input determining means for a receiving said steering command signal and producing a first steering input signal in accordance with said steering command, and a second steering input determining means for determining a second steering input in accordance with said deviation so as to reduce said deviation by using said compensator transfer characteristic and said filter transfer characteristic, and producing a second steering input signal, and said steering means includes a means for steering said wheeled vehicle in accordance with said first and second steering input signals.

24. A steering control signal according to claim 23 wherein said commanding means comprises a steering wheel and a means for producing said steering command signal substantially proportional to a steering wheel angle of said steering wheel, said steering means comprises a front steering actuator for steering front wheels of said wheeled vehicle in response to a front wheel control signal representing a front wheel steer angle, and a rear steering actuator for steering rear wheels of said wheeled vehicle in response to a rear control signal representing a rear wheel steer angle, said sensing means comprises a yawing motion sensing means for sensing an actual yawing motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, and a side motion sensing means for sensing an actual side motion variable of said wheeled vehicle, said controlling means comprises an estimating means for determining an estimated yawing motion variable from said front wheel steer angle and said rear wheel steer angle by using a first yawing motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a first estimated yawing output from said front wheel steer angle, and a second yawing motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a second estimated yawing output from said rear wheel steer angle, and further determining an estimated side motion variable from said front wheel steer angle and said rear wheel steer angle by using a first side motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a first estimated side motion output from said front wheel steer angle, and a second side motion estimator transfer characteristic for determining a second estimated side motion output from said rear wheel steer angle, and a comparing means for determining a yawing deviation between said actual yawing motion variable and said estimated yawing motion variable and further determining a side motion deviation between said actual side motion variable and said estimated side motion variable, and said second steering input determining means includes a feedback compensating means for determining said front and rear wheel steer angles from said yawing deviation and said side motion deviation so as to reduce said yawing deviation and said side motion deviation by using said first and second yawing estimator transfer characteristics, said first and second side motion estimator transfer characteristics, a predetermined first filter transfer characteristic relating to a yawing motion and a second filter transfer characteristic relating to a side motion.

25. A steering control system according to claim 23 wherein said commanding means comprises a steering wheel for producing a mechanical steering command signal, and a means for producing an electric steering command signal substantially proportional to an angular displacement of said steering wheel, said first steering input determining means comprises a steering gear for receiving said mechanical steering command signal and determining a primary steering input according to a predetermined steering ratio, and said steering means comprises lo a primary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle by varying an actual front wheel steer angle in accordance with said primary steering input, and an auxiliary steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in accordance with said control signal.

26. A steering control system for a wheeled vehicle, comprising:

a steering means for steering said wheeled vehicle in response to a control signal representing a control steering input;

a sensing means for sensing an actual vehicle motion variable of said vehicle; and

a controlling means for determining an estimated vehicle motion variable corresponding to said control steering input by using a predetermined estimator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating a vehicle steering response to a steering input, producing a deviation signal representing a deviation of said actual vehicle motion variable from said estimated vehicle motion variable, and further producing said control signal in accordance with said deviation signal so as to reduce said deviation by using a predetermined compensator transfer characteristic which is a transfer characteristic relating the steering input to the vehicle steering response, and a predetermined filter transfer characteristic,

wherein said controlling means comprises a feedback compensating means for determining said control steering input by using said compensator transfer characteristic which is in an inverse form of said estimator transfer characteristic, and said filter transfer characteristic which has such a characteristic that a steady state gain is equal to one, and a difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said filter transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said filter transfer characteristic is equal to or higher than a difference resulting from subtraction of an order of a numerator of said estimator transfer characteristic from an order of a denominator of said estimator transfer characteristic.

27. A steering control system according to claim 26 wherein said controlling means further comprises an estimating means for determining said estimated motion variable by using said estimator transfer characteristic which is expressed by a fraction whose numerator is a first order differential equation and whose denominator is a second order differential equation, and said feedback compensating means includes a means for determining said control steering input by using said filter transfer characteristic which is expressed by a fraction whose numerator is a zero order differential equation and whose denominator is a first order differential equation.

28. A steering control system according to claim 26 wherein said sensing means comprises a vehicle motion sensing means for sensing said vehicle motion variable, and a vehicle speed sensing means for sensing a vehicle speed of said vehicle, and said controlling means further comprises a vehicle motion estimating means for determining said estimated vehicle motion variable by using said estimator transfer characteristic which has at least one parameter which is dependent on said vehicle speed.