Method of determining optimum artery applanation
First Claim
1. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
- (A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest,(B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest,(C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage,(D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for,(E) computing a pulse parameter and an applanation state parameter,(F) relating said pulse parameter to said applanation state parameter,(G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter which corresponds to a predetermined percentage of a maximum value of said pulse parameter,(H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G).
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Abstract
A method, for use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, of determining optimum artery applanation. The system uses a stress sensor including a stress sensitive element for detecting stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest. The tissue stress sensor is placed in communication with tissue overlying the artery of interest and at least one electrical signal is obtained therefrom representing stress data across the length of the stress sensitive element. The data represents stress datum communicated to a preselected portion of the stress sensitive element. From the stress datum, various algorithms are used, singly or in combination, to provide the best measure of optimum applanation state. Intra-arterial blood pressure is then calculated using datum collected at the optimum applanation state. In addition, to the optimum applanation methods, a method is disclosed for determining which portion of the stress sensitive element is best suited for estimating intra-arterial blood pressure.
58 Citations
59 Claims
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1. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a pulse parameter and an applanation state parameter, (F) relating said pulse parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter which corresponds to a predetermined percentage of a maximum value of said pulse parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a mean distribution breadth parameter and an applanation state parameter, (F) relating said mean distribution breadth parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a mean distribution breadth parameter approximately equal to one, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a diastolic distribution breadth parameter and an applanation state parameter, (F) relating said diastolic distribution breadth parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a diastolic distribution breadth parameter value approximately equal to 1.05, (H) estimating the optimal arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15)
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16. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a pulse distribution breadth parameter and an applanation state parameter, (F) relating said pulse distribution breadth parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining a maximum value of said pulse distribution breadth parameter and the corresponding applanation state parameter value, (H) selecting a range of applanation state parameter values occurring at applanation stages of less applanation than the applanation state corresponding to the maximum pulse distribution breadth parameter value of step (G), (I) determining a mid-point value in the range selected in step (H), (J) determining the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of arterial applanation which produces the applanation state parameter mid-point value of step (I). - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a pulse distribution breadth parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a change in pulse distribution breadth parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating said change in said pulse distribution breadth parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a maximum value of said pulse distribution breadth parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of arterial applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a pulse spread parameter, an applanation state parameter, and the derivative of the pulse spread parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating said derivative of said pulse spread parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a maximum value of said derivative of said pulse spread parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of arterial applanation which produces the applanation state parameter of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
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30. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a pulse distribution breadth parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a derivative of said pulse distribution breadth parameter with respect to said applanation state parameter, (F) relating said derivative of said pulse distribution breadth parameter to said applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a maximum value of said derivative of said pulse distribution breadth parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of arterial applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
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33. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a diastolic distribution breadth parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a derivative of said diastolic distribution breadth parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating a derivative of the diastolic distribution breadth parameter to the applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a maximum of said derivative of said diastolic distribution breadth parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36)
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37. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a spatially averaged stress parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a second derivative of said spatially averaged stress parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating the second derivative of the spatially averaged stress parameter to the applanation state parameter, (G) determining the value of said applanation state parameter that corresponds to a minimum value of said second derivative of said spatially averaged stress parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a stress spatial curvature parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a derivative of said stress spatial curvature parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating the derivative of the stress spatial curvature parameter to the applanation state parameter, (G) determining a maximum of said derivative of said stress spatial curvature parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) computing a stress variation parameter, an applanation state parameter, and a derivative of said stress variation parameter with respect to the applanation state parameter, (F) relating the derivative of the stress variation parameter to the applanation state parameter, (G) determining a minimum of said derivative stress variation parameter, (H) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation state parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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57. For use in a non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system, a method of estimating optimum arterial compression by measuring the stress of tissue overlying an artery of interest, said system of the type including a tissue stress sensor having a stress sensitive element, said stress sensitive element having a length that exceeds the lumen of said artery of interest, said method including the steps of:
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(A) placing said stress sensitive element of said tissue stress sensor in communication with said tissue overlying said artery of interest, (B) orienting said stress sensitive element such that said length spans beyond the lumen of said artery of interest, (C) using said stress sensitive element to varyingly compress said artery of interest thereby applanating said artery of interest through a plurality of stages, and at each said applanation stage, (D) obtaining from said tissue stress sensor at least one electrical signal representing stress data across the length of said stress sensitive element, said stress data including a plurality of stress datum, each stress datum representing stress communicated to a predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element from said tissue overlying said artery of interest, each said predetermined portion of said stress sensitive element lying along said length of said stress sensitive element, and for each applanation stage, using said data for, (E) selecting and computing an applanation optimization parameter, wherein said applanation optimization parameters is selected from the group of parameters comprising pulse parameter, distribution breadth parameter, pulse spread parameter, spatially averaged stress parameter, stress spatial curvature parameter, stress variation parameter, (F) selecting and computing an applanation state parameter, (G) relating the selected applanation optimization parameter to the applanation state parameter, (H) determining a value associated with a characteristic feature of said selected applanation optimization parameter, with respect to said artery applanation state parameter, said characteristic feature being indicative of said optimum arterial compression, (I) estimating the optimum arterial compression to be that degree of artery applanation which produces the applanation optimization parameter value of step (G). - View Dependent Claims (58, 59)
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Specification