Universal personal communication system and tracing system therefor
First Claim
1. A communication system comprising:
- a plurality of portable communication units and a plurality of stationary communication units;
a plurality of nodes organized into a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers arranged into a first layer and a plurality of higher layers, the first layer having an integer value equal to one associated therewith and each of said plurality of higher layers having an integer greater than one associated therewith, and the plurality of nodes including;
a plurality of base stations organized into the first layer; and
a plurality of communication service nodes organized into the plurality of higher layers; and
a plurality of databases,wherein each of said plurality of base stations and each of said plurality of communication service nodes is assigned to unique parent nodes, said unique parent nodes being a unique ones of said plurality of communication services nodes at ones of said plurality of levels having an integer associated therewith that is greater than the integer associated with the one of said plurality of layers that said each of said plurality of base stations or said each of said plurality of communication service nodes is organized into, andwherein each of said plurality of portable communication units has a home address and a physical address associated therewith, and wherein each physical address comprises a current address and a new address, each of said physical address and current address indicating one of said plurality of base stations and unique parent nodes assigned thereto, andwherein each of said plurality of communication service nodes has one of the plurality of databases associated therewith, each of said plurality of databases for storing said home address and said physical address of said plurality of portable communication units, one of said plurality of portable communication units communicating with one of said plurality of communication service nodes associated with one of said plurality of databases when said one of said plurality of databases has stored therein said home address associated with said one of said plurality of portable communication units.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A communication system includes a plurality of organizational layers, a plurality of portable communication units, and a plurality of base stations. Each layer comprises a plurality of nodes. The plurality of nodes includes a plurality of base stations in the first layer, and a plurality of communication services nodes organized into higher layers. Each communication services node includes a database possibly containing information on the locations of one or more portable communication units. The databases constitute a distributed database containing the necessary and sufficient information on the locations of some of the portable communication units within the system, such that any active portable communication unit in its service area will be located using the most direct route. A tracing strategy is realized by the transmission of control messages informing the system of a moving portable communication unit'"'"'s location. The system tries to set up a connection to the home address of the called portable communication unit, unless some information is found along the path to the home address of the called unit. In case there is information on the called unit its location is indicated by the address chain in the distributed database.
28 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A communication system comprising:
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a plurality of portable communication units and a plurality of stationary communication units; a plurality of nodes organized into a plurality of layers, the plurality of layers arranged into a first layer and a plurality of higher layers, the first layer having an integer value equal to one associated therewith and each of said plurality of higher layers having an integer greater than one associated therewith, and the plurality of nodes including; a plurality of base stations organized into the first layer; and a plurality of communication service nodes organized into the plurality of higher layers; and a plurality of databases, wherein each of said plurality of base stations and each of said plurality of communication service nodes is assigned to unique parent nodes, said unique parent nodes being a unique ones of said plurality of communication services nodes at ones of said plurality of levels having an integer associated therewith that is greater than the integer associated with the one of said plurality of layers that said each of said plurality of base stations or said each of said plurality of communication service nodes is organized into, and wherein each of said plurality of portable communication units has a home address and a physical address associated therewith, and wherein each physical address comprises a current address and a new address, each of said physical address and current address indicating one of said plurality of base stations and unique parent nodes assigned thereto, and wherein each of said plurality of communication service nodes has one of the plurality of databases associated therewith, each of said plurality of databases for storing said home address and said physical address of said plurality of portable communication units, one of said plurality of portable communication units communicating with one of said plurality of communication service nodes associated with one of said plurality of databases when said one of said plurality of databases has stored therein said home address associated with said one of said plurality of portable communication units.
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2. In a communication system comprising a plurality of portable communication units, a plurality of base stations organized into a first layer, i=1, and a plurality of communication service nodes organized into a plurality of higher layers, i>
- 1, where i is an integer, each portable communication unit including a home address and a physical address associated therewith, each physical address comprising a current address and a new address, and each communication service node in a layer, other than the first, having a database associated therewith, each base station and each lower layer communication service node having a unique parent node in each of the higher levels, a process for establishing a connection between a calling communication unit and a called communication unit comprising the steps of;
(a) receiving a connection request, at a base station or communication service node in layer i, the connection request requesting the establishment of a communication link between the calling communication unit and the called communication unit; (b) determining whether layer i is in the first layer, and whether the connection request was received from a portable communication unit; (c) calling the called communication unit when the connection request was received by a communication service node in the first layer, and the connection request was not received directly from a portable communication unit; (d) determining whether a connection confirmation has been received from the called communication unit within a predetermined period; (e) establishing the communication link when connection confirmation has been received from the called communication unit within a predetermined period and stopping the process for the first layer node; and (f) reporting a communication failure to the communication system, when the determination of step (d) is negative and stopping the process for the first layer node. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5)
- 1, where i is an integer, each portable communication unit including a home address and a physical address associated therewith, each physical address comprising a current address and a new address, and each communication service node in a layer, other than the first, having a database associated therewith, each base station and each lower layer communication service node having a unique parent node in each of the higher levels, a process for establishing a connection between a calling communication unit and a called communication unit comprising the steps of;
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6. In a communication system comprising a plurality of portable and stationary communication units each operating in a service area defined by a user of a communication unit, a plurality of nodes including a plurality of base stations which form a first layer for the communication system, and a plurality of communication service nodes organized into a plurality of higher layers, each portable communication unit including a home address and a physical address associated therewith, each physical address comprising a current address and a new address, each communication service node comprises a database of portable communication unit addresses, and each base station and lower layer communication service node having a unique parent node in each of the higher levels, a process for maintaining each database comprising the steps of:
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(a) transmitting a first message with a portable communication unit to a base station in a second cell as the portable communication unit moves out of a first cell and into the second cell and when; the current address and the new address of the portable communication unit are within the service area of the portable communication unit, and the new address and the home address of the portable communication unit are not the same at the first layer, the first message including the current address, the new address and the home address for informing the base station in the second cell that the portable communication unit is going to lock to the base station; (b) transmitting a second message with a portable communication unit to a base station in the first cell when the portable communication unit moves out of the first cell and into the second cell, and when the current address and the new address of the portable communication unit are within the service area of the portable communication unit, and the current address and the home address of the portable communication unit are not the same at the first layer, the second message including the current address, the new address, and the home address of the portable communication unit for informing the base station in the first cell that the portable is leaving the first cell. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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Specification