Trailer suspension apparatus

• US 5,275,430 A
• Filed: 02/05/1992
• Issued: 01/04/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Aloha, LLC
• Original Assignee: DBX Engineering Corporation
• Inventors: Smith, Earl D.
• Primary Examiner(s): PAPE, JOSEPH
• Application Number:
  US07/831,678
• Time in Patent Office: 699 Days
• Field of Search: 280/711, 280/688, 280/713, 280/789, 280/690, 280/698, 280/705, 280/714, 280/682, 280/702, 280/840
• US Class Current: 280/6.151
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 11/465 with a flexible wall
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 17/0155 pneumatic unit
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 17/052 Pneumatic spring characteristics B60G17/048 takes precedence ; valves per se F16K
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2202/152 Pneumatic spring
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2202/412 Pneumatic actuator
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2204/20 Mounting of accessories, e.g. pump, compressor
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2300/02 Trucks; Load vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2300/50 Electric vehicles; Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2500/324 only rear part
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 3/20 all arms being rigid
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 21/18 characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups B62D21/02 - B62D21/17

Abstract

A wheel suspension system is disclosed which includes a wheel support member pivotally mounted to a vehicle frame, a wheel rotatably mounted to the support member on a stub axle, and an airbag positioned between the wheel support member and the vehicle frame to bias the support member into an intermediate position between a lowermost position and an uppermost position, the rotational axis of the wheel being positioned at or above the cargo floor of the vehicle at least when the wheel support member is in the uppermost position. The suspension system provides a compact lateral profile and also aligns the pivot axis and biasing airbag on a common side of the wheel to provide a compact profile along the length of the vehicle. The compact lateral profile of the suspension system is enhanced by a lateral stabilizer configuration that includes a leaf spring extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle directly adjacent the suspension system, thus providing maximum distance between the wheels and permitting the cargo floor to be supported between the wheels below the rotational axis of the wheels.

Claims

1. A wheel suspension system for mounting a wheel to the frame of a vehicle adjacent a floor of the vehicle, which comprises:

a wheel support member;

a wheel mounted to said wheel support member for rotation about a horizontal rotation axis;

attachment means for attaching said wheel support member to a vehicle frame to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis displaced from said rotation axis of said wheel to move said wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second lowermost position;

means for providing lateral support to said wheel connected between the vehicle frame and said wheel support member at a location displaced from said rotation axis and the pivot axis; and

biasing means for biasing said wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position, said biasing means including a resilient member positioned between opposed surfaces of said wheel support member and the vehicle frame,

wherein the resilient component and the pivot axis are both positioned to the same side of the rotation axis of the wheel relative to the forward direction of travel of the vehicle.

2. The wheel suspension system of claim 1, wherein said resilient component and said pivot axis are both positioned forward of said rotation axis of the wheel.

3. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 in which said wheel has a diameter and in which the resilient component and the pivot axis are both located outside of the diameter of said wheel.

4. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 in which the resilient component is substantially vertically aligned above the pivot axis.

5. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 in which the resilient component comprises an air bag.

6. The wheel suspension system of claim 5 in which said biasing means further includes a shock absorber connecting between said wheel support member and the vehicle frame and substantially vertically aligned above the pivot axis.

7. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 in which said biasing means is arranged to operate between said opposed surfaces in a substantially horizontal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

8. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 in which said wheel support member includes a generally U-shaped plate defined by a pair of integral arms, one of said arms connected at its respective free end to said attachment means and the other of said arms having one of said opposed surfaces at its respective free end.

9. The wheel suspension system of claim 1 and which further includes:

a second wheel support member;

a second wheel mounted to said second wheel support member for rotation about a second horizontal rotation axis;

second attachment means for attaching said second wheel support member to the vehicle frame to be pivotable about a second horizontal pivot axis displaced from said second rotation axis of said second wheel to move said second wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position;

second means for providing lateral support to said second wheel connected between the vehicle frame and said second wheel support member at a location displaced from said second rotation axis and the second pivot axis; and

second biasing means for biasing said second wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position, said second biasing means including a second resilient member positioned between opposed surfaces of said second wheel support member and the vehicle frame,

wherein the second resilient component and the second pivot axis are both positioned to the same side of the second rotation axis of the second wheel relative to the direction of travel of the vehicle.

10. The wheel suspension system of claim 9 in which each said wheel has a diameter and in which the respective resilient component and the respective pivot axis are both located outside of the diameter of said wheel.

11. The wheel suspension system of claim 9 in which each of the resilient components is substantially vertically aligned above the respective pivot axis.

12. The wheel suspension system of claim 9 in which each of the resilient components comprises an air bag.

13. The wheel suspension system of claim 9 in which each of the biasing means is arranged to operate between respective opposed surfaces in a substantially horizontal direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

14. The wheel suspension system of claim 9 in which the respective pivot axis of each of the attachment means are longitudinally displaced from each other.

15. A wheeled vehicle for movement along a support surface, which comprises:

a vehicle body including a vehicle frame and a planar floor supported by said frame;

a wheel support member;

a wheel mounted to said wheel support member for rotation about a horizontal rotation axis;

attachment means for attaching said wheel support member to the vehicle frame to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis displaced from the rotation axis of said wheel to move said wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position, the rotation axis of said wheel being vertically above the floor when said wheel support member is in its uppermost position;

means for providing lateral support to said wheel connected between the vehicle and said wheel support member at a location displaced from said rotation axis and said pivot axis; and

biasing means for biasing said wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position, said biasing means including a resilient member positioned between opposed surfaces of said wheel support and the vehicle frame,

wherein the resilient component and the pivot axis are both positioned to the same side of the rotation axis of the wheel relative to the forward direction of travel of the vehicle.

16. A wheeled vehicle for movement along a support surface, which comprises:

a vehicle body including a vehicle frame and a planar floor;

a wheel support member;

a wheel mounted to said wheel support member for rotation about a horizontal rotation axis;

attachment means for attaching said wheel support member to the vehicle frame to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis displaced from the rotation axis of said wheel to move said wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position;

means for providing lateral support to said wheel connected between the vehicle frame and said wheel support member at a location displaced from said rotation axis and said pivot axis;

biasing means for biasing said wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position; and

a brake assembly including;

braking means for braking the rotation of the wheel;

an actuator;

linkage means connected between said actuator and said means for braking for actuating said braking means in response to said actuator; and

means for supporting said actuator on said wheel support member so that said actuator and said linkage means moves with said wheel support member as said member pivots about said pivot axis.

17. The wheeled vehicle of claim 16 in which said actuator is a hydraulic actuator and in which said brake assembly includes;

a reservoir of hydraulic fluid displaced from said actuator; and

means for fluid communication of said reservoir to said actuator.

18. The wheeled vehicle of claim 16, wherein said reservoir is mounted within the vehicle frame beneath said floor.

19. The wheeled vehicle of claim 16 further comprising:

a second wheel support member;

a second wheel mounted to said second wheel support member for rotation about a second horizontal rotation axis;

second attachment means for attaching said second wheel support member to the vehicle frame to be pivotable about a second horizontal pivot axis displaced from said second rotation axis of said second wheel to move said second wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position;

second means for providing lateral support to said second wheel connected between the vehicle frame and said second wheel support member at a location displaced from said second rotation axis and the second pivot axis;

second biasing means for biasing said second wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position; and

a second brake assembly including;

second braking means for braking the rotation of the second wheel;

a second actuator;

second linkage means connected between said second actuator and said second means for braking for actuating said second braking means in response to said second actuator; and

means for supporting said second actuator on said second wheel support member so that said second actuator and said second linkage means moves with said second wheel support member as said second member pivots about said second pivot axis.

20. The wheeled vehicle of claim 19 in which said actuator and said second actuator are hydraulic actuators and in which said brake assemblies include a common reservoir of hydraulic fluid displaced from each of the actuators, and means for fluid communication of the common reservoir to each of the actuators.

21. A wheel suspension system for mounting a wheel to the frame of a vehicle adjacent the floor of the vehicle, which comprises:

a wheel support member;

a wheel mounted to said wheel support member for rotation about a horizontal rotation axis;

attachment means for attaching said wheel support member to the vehicle frame to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis displaced from the rotation axis of said wheel to move said wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position, the rotation axis of said wheel being vertically above the floor when said wheel support member is in its uppermost position;

means for providing lateral support to said wheel connected between the vehicle frame and said wheel support member at a location displaced from said rotation axis and said pivot axis;

biasing means for biasing said wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position; and

a brake assembly including;

braking means for braking the rotation of the wheel;

an actuator;

linkage means connected between said actuator and said means for braking for actuating said braking means in response to said actuator; and

means for supporting said actuator on said wheel support member so that said actuator and said linkage means moves with said wheel support member as said member pivots about said pivot axis.

22. The wheel suspension system of claim 21 in which said actuator is a hydraulic actuator and in which said brake assembly includes means for fluid communication of said actuator to a reservoir of hydraulic fluid.

23. A wheel suspension system for mounting a wheel to the frame of a vehicle adjacent a floor of the vehicle having a longitudinal axis, which comprises:

a wheel support member;

a wheel mounted to said wheel support member for rotation about a horizontal rotation axis;

attachment means for attaching said wheel support member to a vehicle frame to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis displaced from said rotation axis of said wheel to move said wheel vertically between a first, uppermost position and a second, lowermost position;

biasing means for biasing said wheel support member to an intermediate position between the uppermost and lowermost positions and permitting resisted movement away from the intermediate position; and

means for providing lateral support to said wheel including a stabilizer member connected at a first end to said wheel support member at a location longitudinally displaced from said pivot axis and pivotably connected at a second end to the vehicle frame at a location longitudinally aligned with said pivot axis.

24. The wheel suspension system of claim 23 in which said stabilizer member is connected at said first end to said wheel support member at a location longitudinally aligned with said wheel rotation axis.

25. The wheel suspension system of claim 23 in which said stabilizer member is connected at said second end to the vehicle frame at a location transversely displaced from said attachment means relative to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

26. The wheel suspension system of claim 25 in which said stabilizer member is connected at said second end to the vehicle frame at a location adjacent the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

27. The wheel suspension system of claim 23 in which said stabilizer member is rigidly fixed at said first end to said wheel support member.