Self configuring controller

• US 5,276,630 A
• Filed: 07/23/1990
• Issued: 01/04/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Trane International Inc. (Trane Technologies plc)
• Original Assignee: American Standard Companies Incorporated (Ideal Standard International Topco SCA)
• Inventors: Hansen, William G., Bishop, Richard A., Baldwin, Joe M., Polley, Phillip L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harvey, Jack B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ramirez, Ellis B.
• Application Number:
  US07/557,253
• Time in Patent Office: 1,261 Days
• Field of Search: 364/505, 364/557, 364/551.01, 364/571.01, 364/184, 364/200, 364/900, 364/148, 364/186, 364/187, 364/150, 364/151, 165/22, 62/126, 417/8, 417/38, 340/825.16, 324/503
• US Class Current: 700/276
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/00 Control or safety arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/64 using pre-stored data
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 13/15 with parallel simultaneously tiltable lamellae
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2011/0002 for admittance of outside air
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/12 of the outside air
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/20 Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/22 of the outside air
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2203/021 Compression cycle
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/54 Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/00 Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems room units F24F1/00
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/044 Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 13/00 Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle defrosting cycles F25B47/02
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2400/075 with parallel compressors
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/25069 Pseudo redundance, eliminate failing element and reconfigure system
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/1917 using digital means
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A method of operating a controller of an HVAC system comprising the steps of: constantly establishing the validity of each of a plurality of input devices; and reconfiguring the mode of operation of the HVAC system each time the validity of any of the plurality of input devices changes to ensure that the HVAC system operates in the best available mode of operation.

Claims

1. A method of operating a controller of an HVAC system complying the steps of:

constantly establishing the validity of each of a plurality of input devices; and

reconfiguring the mode of operation of the HVAC system each time the validity of any of the plurality of input devices changes to ensure that the HVAC system operates in the best available mode of operation.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the steps of establishing and reconfiguring occur automatically and without human intervention.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of input devices includes sensors, setpoints, switches and safety devices.

4. The method of claim 1 including the further step of operating the HVAC system.

5. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

establishing the validity of an outdoor air temperature sensor;

defrosting using first evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor air temperature sensor is valid; and

defrosting using a second evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor air temperature sensor is invalid.

6. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

selecting a dry bulb economizer mode of operation if an outside air humidity sensor is not valid;

selecting a reference economizer mode of operation if an outside air humidity sensor is valid, and if a return air temperature sensor or a return air humidity sensor are invalid; and

selecting a comparative economizer mode of operation if the outside air humidity sensor, the return air temperature sensor, and the return air humidity sensor are valid.

7. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

designating selected system compressors as primary and secondary compressors;

determining which compressors, if any, are disabled based upon the status of a compressor cycling input; and

replacing a designated primary or secondary compressor which is disabled with a system compressor which is not disabled.

8. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

determining a system configuration;

selecting an optimal operating mode for the HVAC system;

operating the system;

monitoring the status of selected system components;

reconfiguring the system configuration whenever the selected system components change status; and

reselecting the optimal operating mode of operation for the HVAC system.

9. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

monitoring the operation of a plurality of HVAC system components;

detecting the change of status of a particular system component; and

reconfiguring the HVAC system to an operational mode which reflects the optimal system operation mode for the operating system components.

10. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of:

determining the validity of a cooling setpoint;

determining the validity of a heating setpoint;

automatically substituting the heating setpoint plus a first offset if the heating setpoint is valid and the cooling setpoint is invalid;

automatically substituting the cooling setpoint minus a second offset if the cooling setpoint is valid and the heating setpoint is invalid.

11. A method of determining an evaporator defrost mode of operation for an HVAC system comprising the steps of:

constantly establishing the validity of an outdoor air temperature sensor;

determining a first evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor air temperature sensor is valid;

determining a second evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor air temperature sensor is invalid; and

defrosting using a st evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor temperature sensor is valid;

defrosting using the second evaporator defrost mode of operation if the outdoor air temperature sensor is invalid.

12. The method of claim 11 including the further step of using a first evaporator defrost low temperature limit if the HVAC system includes a single condenser fan unit, and a second evaporator defrost low temperature limit if the HVAC system includes more than one condenser fan unit.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the first low temperature limit is approximately 55°

F. and the second low temperature limit is approximately 40°

F.

14. A method of selecting the operating mode of an economizer comprising the steps of:

selecting a dry bulb economizer mode of operation if an outside air humidity sensor is not valid;

selecting a reference economizer mode of operation if an outside air humidity sensor is valid, and if a return air temperature sensor or a return air humidity sensor are invalid; and

selecting a comparative economizer mode of operation if the outside air humidity sensor, the return air temperature sensor, and the return air humidity sensor are valid.

15. The method of claim 14 including the further step of periodically determining the validity of the outside air humidity sensor, the return air humidity sensor, and the return air temperature sensor.

16. The method of claim 15 including the further step of determining the validity of an outside air temperature sensor.

17. A method of selecting operational compressors in an HVAC system for scheduling purposes comprising the steps of:

designating selected system compressors as primary and secondary compressors;

determining whether a compressor cycling line respectively associated with each selected system compressor is providing a valid input;

determining which compressors, if any, are disabled based upon the validity of the respective compressor cycling input; and

replacing a disabled primary or secondary compressor with a system compressor which is not disabled.

18. A self configuring controller for an HVAC system comprising:

a controller;

means, adapted for connection to said controller, for providing an initial HVAC system configuration;

means, operatively associated with the controller, for determining the validity of predetermined HVAC system components; and

means, operatively associated with the controller, for reconfiguring the controller in response to a change in the validity of the predetermined HVAC system components.

19. The controller of claim 18 further including means to periodically check the validity of particular controller'"'"'s inputs, and means to reconfigure the system configuration based upon the validity of the particular controller inputs.

20. An HVAC system comprising:

a compressor;

a condenser connected to the outlet of the compressor;

an evaporator connected to the inlet of the compressor;

an expansion device connected between the evaporator and the condenser; and

a controller including means to control the compressor, the condenser, and the evaporator;

means for initially configuring the HVAC system; and

means for periodically reconfiguring the HVAC system configuration based upon the validity of selected inputs so that the HVAC system runs in the best operational mode at all times.

21. A method of operating an HVAC system comprising the steps of:

determining a system configuration;

selecting an initial operating mode for the HVAC system;

operating the system;

monitoring the validity of selected system components;

reconfiguring the system configuration whenever the selected system components change validity; and

reselecting the optimal operating mode of operation for the HVAC system.

22. A method of reconfiguring the operation of an HVAC system comprising the steps of:

monitoring the operation of a plurality of HVAC system components;

determining the validity of input signals received from each of the plurality of HVAC system components;

p1 detecting a change of validity for a particular system component; and

reconfiguring the HVAC system to an operational mode which reflects the optimal system operation mode for the operating system components.

23. The method of claim 22 where the reconfiguring of the system occurs during operation of the HVAC system.

24. A method of using the best available setpoint to operate an HVAC system comprising the steps of:

determining a desired mode of operation for the HVAC system;

determining the validity of a cooling setpoint;

determining the validity of a heating setpoint;

operating the HVAC system using the cooling setpoint if the cooling setpoint is valid and the desired mode of operation is cooling;

operating the HVAC system using the heating setpoint if the heating setpoint is valid and the desired mode of operation is heating;

automatically substituting the heating setpoint plus a first offset for the cooling setpoint if the desired mode of operation is cooling and the heating setpoint is valid and the cooling setpoint is invalid; and

automatically substituting the cooling setpoint minus a second offset for the heating setpoint if the desired mode of operation is heating and the cooling setpoint is valid and the heating setpoint is invalid.

25. The method of claim 24 including the further step of automatically substituting a first and a second reference setpoint, respectively, for the heating setpoint and the cooling setpoint if both the heating setpoint and the cooling setpoint are invalid.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the first and second reference setpoints, and the first and second offsets are predetermined.

27. The method of claim 26 where the first offset is approximately 4°

F., the second offset is approximately 4°

F., the first reference setpoint is approximately 71°

F., and the second reference setpoint is approximately 74°

F.

28. The method of claim 27 including the further step of initially establishing an auto mode of operation for the HVAC system.

29. The method of claim 28 including the further step of reconfiguring the HVAC system to an auto mode of operation if a mode input signal is invalid.

30. A self configuring controller for an HVAC system comprising:

a controller having a plurality of modes of operation including a first mode of operation, a second mode of operation, and a default mode of operation;

the controller having a plurality of inputs where the inputs are either within a predetermined range (valid) or outside of a predetermined range (invalid);

the controller including means, operatively associated with the plurality of inputs, for continuously determining the validity of the plurality of inputs and for providing a signal each time a particular input experiences a change in validity;

means, responsive to the validity determining means, for determining an optimum mode of operation from the plurality of modes of operation each time an input experiences a change in validity, the optimum mode determining means further including means for initiating the default mode of operation only if no other mode of operation can be sustained; and

means, responsive to the optimum mode determining means, for configuring the controller to operate in the optimum mode of operation.

31. The self configuring controller of claim 30 wherein the optimum mode determining means further includes means for automatically upgrading the mode of operation from the default mode of operation to the first or second mode of operation.