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Toner composition and processes thereof

  • US 5,278,020 A
  • Filed: 08/28/1992
  • Issued: 01/11/1994
  • Est. Priority Date: 08/28/1992
  • Status: Expired due to Term
First Claim
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1. A process for the preparation of a toner composition comprising the steps of:

  • (i) preparing a latex emulsion by agitating in water a mixture of a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a first nonpolar olefinic monomer, a second nonpolar diolefinic monomer, a free radical initiator and a chain transfer agent;

    (ii) polymerizing the latex emulsion mixture by heating from ambient temperature to about 80°

    C. to form nonpolar olefinic emulsion resin particles of volume average diameter from about 5 nanometers to about 500 nanometers;

    (iii) diluting the nonpolar olefinic emulsion resin particle mixture with water;

    (iv) adding to the diluted resin particle mixture a colorant or pigment particles and optionally dispersing the resulting mixture with a homogenizer;

    (v) adding a cationic surfactant to flocculate the colorant or pigment particles to the surface of the emulsion resin particles;

    (vi) homogenizing the flocculated mixture at high shear to form statically bound aggregated composite particles with a volume average diameter of less than or equal to about 5 microns;

    (vii) heating the statically bound aggregate composite particles to form nonpolar toner sized particles;

    (viii) optionally halogenating the nonpolar toner sized particles to form nonpolar toner sized particles having a halopolymer resin outer surface or encapsulating shell; and

    (ix) isolating the nonpolar toner sized composite particles.

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