Battery charge monitoring apparatus and method

• US 5,281,955 A
• Filed: 09/20/1991
• Issued: 01/25/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: C&D Technologies Incorporated (Angel Holdings LLC)
• Original Assignee: C & D Charter Power Systems, Inc.
• Inventors: Reich, Gregory N., Hertzler, Randall
• Primary Examiner(s): Swann, III, Glen R.
• Application Number:
  US07/762,753
• Time in Patent Office: 858 Days
• Field of Search: 340/636, 340/517, 340/521, 324/435, 324/433, 324/429, 324/426, 320/48, 323/371, 364/551.01
• US Class Current: 340/636.12
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3646 for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/374 with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/379 for lead-acid batteries
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/18 Indicator or display

Abstract

An apparatus and method for monitoring operation and recording status of at least one battery component of an uninterruptable power supply is provided. Physical parameters of a battery are sensed and stored upon deviation from preselected limits. In addition, the present value of the physical parameters are displayed. Back-up power is supplied upon the interruption of utility power. Furthermore, an operator is signaled with an alarm when utility power is interrupted or there is deviation from preselected battery operation limits.

Claims

1. Apparatus for monitoring operation and recording status of at least one battery component of an uninterruptible power supply system, comprising:

a. means for sensing physical parameters associated with said battery defining battery status;

b. means for visibly displaying alphanumeric characters indicative of present values of said physical parameters defining status of said uninterruptible power supply system battery;

c. means for electronically storing said sensed parameters upon deviation from preselected limits, to provide a historical chronology of said uninterruptible power supply system battery operation;

d. means for supplying backup power to said apparatus upon interruption of utility power to said apparatus;

e. means for triggering an alarm for signaling an operator upon interruption of said utility power;

f. means for triggering said alarm upon one of said parameters deviating from associated predetermined limits.

2. Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said physical parameters include battery voltage, ambient battery temperature and battery discharge current.

3. Apparatus of claim 2 wherein said stored parameters include battery voltage, battery ambient temperature, battery discharge current, date and time.

4. Apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for visibly displaying alphanumeric characters indicative of said stored parameters.

5. Apparatus of claim 4 further comprising means, operative responsively to tactiley applied force, for changing said battery operating parameter for which said display means provides said indicative alphanumeric characters.

6. Apparatus of claim 5 further comprising modem means enabling remote access, by an independent computing device having its own modem, to said stored parameters.

7. Apparatus of claim 6 further comprising means, adapted to be connected to a communications port, for providing said stored parameters in computer readable form from said storage means to said port for access by a computing and/or printing device.

9. Apparatus of claim 1 comprising means for transmitting said historical chronology to a displaying device to allow viewing of said historical chronology.

10. Apparatus of claim 9 wherein the displaying device is a printer.

11. Apparatus of claim 9 wherein the displaying device is a terminal.

12. Apparatus of claim 9 wherein the means for transmitting is a modem.

8. A method for monitoring operation and status of an uninterruptible power system, comprising:

a. monitoring said battery voltage;

b. comparing said monitored battery voltage to a predetermined specified float voltage range;

c. electronically storing value of said voltage, of current discharge, of date and of time in memory of a computing device upon battery voltage deviation from a predetermined specified float voltage;

d. electronically storing values of voltage, discharge current, date and time in memory of computing device upon return of voltage from deviation into said predetermined float range;

e. determining whether said voltage during said deviation was less than or greater than the predetermined float voltage range;

f. classifying largest voltage deviation during said event as a maximum or a minimum voltage depending on whether said voltage was higher or lower than predetermined float voltage range during said event; and

g. comparing said maximum or minimum voltage of said event to a previously stored highest or lowest voltage of said battery, and electronically storing in memory of said computing device the higher or lower voltage as the maximum or minimum voltage depending on whether said voltage was higher or lower than predetermined float voltage range during said event.

13. A method for monitoring discharge of current from an uninterruptible power system, comprising:

a. monitoring an uninterruptible power system battery to detect current discharge events;

b. electronically storing values of said current, voltage, date and time upon detection of current discharge event;

c. continuously electronically storing values of said current, voltage, date and time during each discharge current event in memory of a computing device to record a historical chronology of operation of said uninterruptible power system battery during said current discharge events;

d. electronically storing values of voltage, date, time, total amps and total kilowatt hours for each current discharge event in memory of a computing device, upon termination of said current discharge event;

e. determining the maximum or minimum current during said discharge current event;

f. classifying largest current discharge as a maximum or a minimum depending on direction of said current;

g. comparing said maximum or minimum voltage of said event to a previously highest current discharged as electronically stored in memory of said computing device, and electronically storing the higher or lower current discharge depending on the direction of said current; and

h. determining duration of said event, categorizing said event based on said duration, and electronically storing in memory of computing device the result of said categorization.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

a. detecting availability of utility power;

b. upon detection of unavailability of utility power, electronically storing in memory of a computing device date and time that utility power became unavailable; and

c. upon restoration of utility power, electronically storing in memory of said computing device date and time that utility power was restored.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said monitoring further comprises continuously monitoring voltage of said uninterruptible power system battery and sending a signal to an alarm contact when said voltage deviates from predetermined specified float voltage range.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein said monitoring further comprises continuously monitoring ambient temperature and sending a signal to an alarm contact upon ambient temperature deviation from predetermined specified temperature range.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said monitoring further comprises continuously detecting current discharge and sending signal to an alarm contact upon detection of current discharge from said battery.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein said signal is sent to said alarm contact upon sensing unavailability of utility power.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein said monitoring further comprises continuously monitoring uninterruptible power system battery operating parameters as long as utility power is available but only periodically monitoring the uninterruptible power system battery operating parameters when utility power is unavailable.

20. Apparatus for monitoring operation and recording status of at least one battery component of an uninterruptible power supply system, comprising:

a. means for sensing physical parameters associated with said battery, defining battery status;

b. means for visibly displaying alphanumeric characters indicative of present values of said physical parameters defining status of said uninterruptible power supply system battery;

c. means for electronically storing said sense parameters upon their deviation from preselected limits, to provide a historical chronology of said uninterruptible power supply system battery operation;

d. means for supplying backup power to said apparatus upon interruption of utility power to said apparatus;

e. means for triggering said alarm for signaling an operator upon interruption of said utility power;

f. means for triggering said alarm upon one of said parameters deviating from its associated predetermined limits;

g. wherein said physical parameters include battery voltage, ambient battery temperature and battery discharge current.

21. A method for monitoring discharge of current from an uninterruptible power system, comprising:

a. monitoring an uninterruptible power system battery to detect current discharge events;

b. electronically storing values of current, voltage, date and time upon detection of a current discharge event;

c. continuously electronically storing values of said current, voltage, date and time during said discharge current event in memory of a computing device to record a historical chronology of operation of the monitored uninterruptible power system battery during said current discharge events;

d. electronically storing values of voltage, date, time, total amps and total kilowatt hours for a current discharge event in memory of a computing device, upon termination of said current discharge event;

e. determining the largest current flow during said discharge current event;

f. classifying said largest current flow as a maximum or a minimum depending on direction of said current;

g. comparing said maximum or minimum voltage of said event to previous highest current discharged as electronically stored in memory of said computing device, and electronically storing the largest current flow depending on direction of said current; and

h. determining duration of said event, categorizing said event based on said duration, and electronically storing in memory of a computing device the results of said categorization;

i. monitoring availability of utility power;

j. upon detection of unavailability of utility power, electronically storing in memory of computing device the date and time utility power became unavailable; and

k. upon restoration of utility power, electronically storing in memory of computing device the date and time utility power was restored;

l. continuously monitoring total voltage of the uninterruptible power system battery and sending a signal to an alarm contact when the voltage deviates from the predetermined specified float voltage range;

m. continuously monitoring the ambient temperature and sending a signal to an alarm contact upon ambient temperature deviation from predetermined specified temperature range;

n. continuously detecting discharge current and sending signal to an alarm contact upon detection of a current discharge from said uninterrupted power system battery.

22. Apparatus for monitoring operation and recording status of at least one battery component of a power supply system, comprising:

a. means for sensing physical parameters associated with said battery defining battery status;

b. means for storing said sensed parameters upon deviation from preselected limits, to provide a historical chronology of said supply system battery operation; and

c. means for triggering an alarm upon one of said parameters deviating from associated predetermined limits.

23. Apparatus of claim 22 comprising means for supplying backup power to said apparatus upon interruption of utility power.

24. Apparatus of claim 23 comprising means for triggering said alarm for signaling an operator upon interruption of said utility power.

25. Apparatus of claim 24 comprising means for transmitting said historical chronology to a displaying device to allow viewing of said historical chronology.

26. Apparatus of claim 25 wherein the displaying device is a printer.

27. Apparatus of claim 25 wherein the displaying device is a terminal.

28. Apparatus of claim 27 wherein the means for transmitting is a modem.