Truck/trailer control system

• US 5,282,641 A
• Filed: 12/18/1992
• Issued: 02/01/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Richard J. Mclaughlin
• Original Assignee: Richard J. Mclaughlin
• Inventors: McLaughlin, Richard J.
• Primary Examiner(s): HILL, MITCHELL
• Application Number:
  US07/992,788
• Time in Patent Office: 410 Days
• Field of Search: 280/432, 280/400, 280/426, 280/442, 280/DIG. 9, 280/DIG. 14, 180/165, 188/161, 188/162, 188/164, 188/112 A, 303/7
• US Class Current: 280/432
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/00 Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units arrangement or mounting in vehicles of electrical gearing, in which an electrical machine serves only as reduction gearing and not as the prime mover and in which no electrical storing means are used B60K17/12; control and regulation of purely electrical prime movers B60L; prime-movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors in a common engine block or housing per se F02B65/00; electric motors or motor-generators used for starting the combustion engine F02N11/04; electric motors for synchronising gearing F16H3/12 Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/20 for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2036 Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/36 of vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/60 using power supplied by batteries in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/18 Controlling the braking effect B60L7/12, B60L7/14, B60L7/16 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 13/662 characterised by specified functions of the control system components
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 7/20 specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of or overrunning by trailer inertia-actuated overrun brakes B60T13/08
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 13/04 for individually-pivoted wheels
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 61/00 Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use F16D57/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F16D 63/002 Brakes with direct electrical or electro-magnetic actuation
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/931 of land vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9318 Controlling the steering
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/93185 Controlling the brakes
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/932 using own vehicle data, e.g. ground speed, steering wheel direction
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/93271 in the front of the vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/93272 in the back of the vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 280/09 : Occupant-steered trailers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 280/14 : Tractor-trailer backing connections
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/902 : Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

Abstract

Automatic Trailer Control System--containing four principle inventions. One part of the invention provides automatic trailer steering control to the trailer to cause a delayed turn of the trailer steering mechanism while maneuvering a turn. A second part of the invention provides an electro-magnetic braking system, to the trailer, which is controlled by the same Microcomputer system that controls the trailer turning. The third part of the invention utilizes the electro-magnetic braking system as an alternator/generator to be used as an auxiliary battery charging system. A fourth part of the invention uses the electro-magnetic braking system as a motor to drive the trailer wheels as an assist during trucking operations. All operational functions are controlled by the Microcontroller based control system mounted on the trailer rear wheel platform. Sensors are placed on the truck/trailer operating system to obtain operational information needed for the control of the system.

Claims

1. In a vehicle having a truck unit with an engine, and front truck wheels mounted for turning in unison to each side relative to straight forward alignment and a trailer unit joined to said truck unit in articulated fashion by a coupling therebetween, said trailer unit having a trailer body and at least a set of rear wheels mounted on a rear trailer wheel axle assembly the improvement comprising:

front truck wheel turning sensor means for sensing the extent of turning of said front truck wheels relative to straight forward alignment of said truck unit and for generating a front wheel turning position signal indicative thereof,

truck travel speed sensing means for sensing the velocity of said truck unit and for generating a velocity signal indicative thereof,

alignment sensing means located at said coupling between said truck unit and said trailer unit and providing a truck/trailer angle position signal indicative of degree and direction of angular offset of alignment of said trailer body relative to said truck unit,

a trailer platform mounted beneath said trailer body for rotation relative thereto about a vertical platform axis and carrying said rear trailer wheel axle assembly, whereby said trailer platform and said rear wheel axle assembly are rotatable together relative to said trailer body about said vertical platform axis,

reversible platform drive motor means for selectively driving said trailer platform in alternative directions about said vertical platform axis relative to straight forward alignment with respect to said trailer body,

platform position sensor means for sensing the angular orientation position of said trailer platform relative to said trailer body and for providing a platform orientation feedback signal indicative thereof,

tilt sensing means on said trailer body generating a tilt information signal indicative of lateral tilt of said trailer body,

electronic trailer steering control means coupled to receive said front wheel turning position signal, said platform orientation feedback signal, said truck/trailer angle position signal, said tilt information signal, and said velocity signal and for providing a drive signal to said platform drive motor means to drive said platform to follow the turning of said front truck wheels at a delay interval dependent upon said velocity signal, the distance between said coupling and said front truck wheels, and the distance between said coupling and said vertical trailer axis.

2. A vehicle according to claim 1 further comprising a manually operable override control coupled to said electronic trailer steering control means whereby actuation of said manually operable override control operates said electronic trailer steering control means to drive said platform to straight fore and aft alignment with respect to said trailer body and to thereafter disable said electronic trailer steering control means.

3. A vehicle according to claim 1 wherein said drive signal is additionally dependent upon said tilt information signal.

4. A vehicle according to claim 1 further comprising a Doppler transceiver means located on said trailer body and coupled to said electronic trailer steering control means to provide an obstacle clearance signal, whereby said drive signal to said platform drive motor means is additionally dependent upon said obstacle clearance signal.

5. A vehicle according to claim 4 wherein said Doppler transceiver means is comprised of Doppler transceivers located at the upper front of said body, at the lower rear of said body, and on opposite sides of said body proximate the lower rear extremity thereof.

6. A vehicle according to claim 1 wherein said electronic trailer steering control means is a programmable Microcontroller having sets of dimensional parameters for a plurality of different truck and trailer configurations stored therein, and further comprising selection means for alternatively selecting each of said sets so that said distance between said coupling and said front truck wheels and said distance between said coupling and said vertical trailer axis is derived from the set of dimensional parameters selected by said selection means.

7. A vehicle according to claim 1 wherein said electronic trailer steering control means is comprised of electronic storage means for storing a maximum turning velocity, and a maximum turning velocity limiting means which receives and compares said velocity signal to said maximum turning velocity, and wherein a velocity signal that exceeds said maximum turning velocity activates said electronic trailer steering control means to drive said platform into and hold said platform in straight fore and aft alignment relative to said trailer body.

8. A vehicle according to claim 1 further comprising dual, redundant electronic control units within said electronic trailer steering control means, and said dual control units continuously monitor each other for inconsistencies, and further comprising an operator alarm located in said truck unit and coupled to said electronic trailer steering control means which is actuated by inconsistencies in operation of said dual control units.

9. In a vehicle having a truck with an engine with a tachometer coupled thereto to generate an engine speed signal and a body having a rear wheel axle with rear wheels thereon and transmission means through which said engine drives said rear wheel axle in rotation, the improvement comprising a magnetic motor assembly means including rotor means coupled to rotate with said rear wheel axle and stator means disposed about and stationary relative to said rotor means, tilt sensing means on said body generating a tilt information signal indicative of fore and aft angular orientation of said body, and electronic drive control means coupled to receive said tilt information signal and said engine speed signal to energize said stator means to selectively and alternatively operate said magnetic motor assembly means as a magnetic motor assisting said transmission means in rotating said rear wheel axle and as a magnetic brake opposing said transmission means and retarding rotation of said rear wheel axle to an extent dependent upon said engine speed signal and said fore and aft orientation signal.

10. A vehicle according to claim 9 wherein said electronic drive control means energizes said stator means with a variable Pulse-Width power output.

11. A vehicle according to claim 10 further characterized in that said truck has a manually operated brake pedal, and further comprising a transducer coupled between said manually operated brake pedal and said electronic drive control means for generating an electronic brake signal indicative of the magnitude of pressure applied to said manually operable brake pedal, and the width of said variable pulse of said power output to said magnetic motor assembly means is varied in accordance with said electronic brake signal when said magnetic motor assembly means is operated as a magnetic brake.

12. A vehicle according to claim 9 wherein said tilt sensing means is located at the top rear of said trailer body.

13. A vehicle according to claim 9 further comprising battery means to power said magnetic motor assembly means with direct current electrical power, and said magnetic motor assembly means is coupled to said battery means so as to serve as a generator to recharge said battery means while acting as a magnetic brake as aforesaid.

14. A vehicle according to claim 13 wherein said rear wheel axle assembly is comprised of a plurality of rear wheel axles each having a separate magnetic motor assembly means associated therewith, and further comprising a power conversion assembly coupled between said electronic drive control means and all of said magnetic motor assembly means, whereby said magnetic motor assembly means are selectively operated under the control of said electronic drive control means alternatively as magnetic motors, magnetic brakes and generators.

15. A vehicle according to claim 9 wherein said body is mounted on a trailer joined to said truck in articulated fashion by a coupling therebetween, and further comprising an alignment sensing means located at said coupling between said truck and said trailer and providing a truck/trailer angle position signal indicative of degree and direction of angular offset of alignment of said body relative to said truck, and further characterized in that said electronic drive control means is located on said trailer platform and further comprising battery means located on said platform and said electronic drive control means is conditioned to energize said stator means to operate said magnetic motor assembly as a brake so as to bring said trailer to a controlled stop upon loss of said truck/trailer angle position signal.

16. A vehicle according to claim 9 further comprising dual, redundant electronic control units as aforesaid within said electronic drive control means, wherein each of said dual, redundant electronic control units receives said tilt information signal and said engine speed signal to energize said stator means as aforesaid, and said dual control units are also coupled to each other and continuously monitor each other for inconsistencies, and further comprising an operator alarm located in said truck unit and coupled to said electronic drive control means which is actuated by inconsistencies in operation of said dual control units.