Nonwoven surface treating articles, system including same, and method of treating calcium carbonate-containing surfaces with said system

• US 5,282,900 A
• Filed: 03/19/1992
• Issued: 02/01/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/19/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: 3M Company
• Original Assignee: 3M Company
• Inventors: Kyle, Robert C., McDonell, James A.
• Primary Examiner(s): CANNON, JAMES
• Application Number:
  US07/853,919
• Time in Patent Office: 684 Days
• Field of Search: 15/230.12, 15/209.1, 51/295, 51/400, 134/2, 134/3, 134/26, 134/28, 428/85, 428/87, 428/96, 428/97, 428/283, 428/288, 428/290, 428/361, 428/362
• US Class Current: 134/2
• CPC Class Codes: A47L 13/17 containing cleaning agents A47L13/19 takes precedence ; chemical compositions C11D17/049
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/002 Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/28 Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds B24D3/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B24D 3/346 utilised during polishing, or grinding operation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/23921 With particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/23986 With coating, impregnation, or bond
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/23993 Composition of pile or adhesive
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2907 with coating or impregnation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2909 Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/8305 Miscellaneous [e.g., treated surfaces, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/2008 Fabric composed of a fiber or strand which is of specific structural definition
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/2861 Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/2902 Aromatic polyamide fiber fabric

Abstract

A nonwoven surface treating article suitable for treating surfaces which include calcium carbonate, such as marble floors, includes an open, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven web of a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers, a binder, and abrasive particles having an average particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 micrometer to about 30 micrometers. The abrasive articles of the invention do not rust, as do steel wool pads, and produce a high gloss, durable surface. A system for treating calcium carbonate-containing surfaces is also presented, the system including the articles and an acidic crystallization agent. Methods of treating calcium carbonate-containing surfaces with the system are also presented.

Claims

1. A nonwoven surface treating article suitable for treating stone surfaces comprised of calcium carbonate with crystallizing chemicals to improve the gloss thereof the article comprising an open, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven web comprising a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers, a binder which adheres said fibers at points of mutual contact, and abrasive particles adherently bonded to the fibers by said binder, the abrasive particles having an average particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 micrometer to about 9 micrometers.

2. The article of claim 1 wherein said fibers are selected from the group consisting of stuffer-box crimped fibers, helically crimped fibers, melt-bondable fibers, and combinations thereof.

3. The article of claim 2 wherein said stuffer-box fibers and helically crimped fibers comprise polymers selected from the group consisting of polyester, rayon, nylon, and wherein the melt-bondable fibers comprise a first component comprising an oriented, crimpable, at least partially crystallized polymer, and adhering to the surface of said first component a second component which comprises a compatible blend of polymers, and combinations thereof.

4. The article of claim 2 wherein the melt-bondable fibers comprise up to about 50 weight percent of the web.

5. The article of claim 3 wherein the web comprises helically crimped polyethylene terephthalate polyester staple fibers and wherein the melt-bondable fiber comprises a polyester.

6. The abrasive article of claim 1 wherein the abrasive particles comprise materials selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, fused aluminum oxide, heat treated fused aluminum oxide, alumina zirconia, cubic boron nitride, garnet, pumice, sand, emery, mica, corundum, quartz, diamond, boron carbide, fused alumina, sintered alumina, alpha alumina-based ceramic material, and combinations thereof.

7. The abrasive article of claim 1 wherein the web has a non-compressed thickness ranging from about 0.5 cm to about 4.0 cm.

8. The abrasive article of claim 1 wherein the fibers have a denier ranging from about 15 to about 200, and a length ranging from about 2.0 cm to about 4.0 cm.

9. The abrasive article of claim 2 wherein the helically crimped fibers have from about 1 to about 25 crimps per mm.

10. An abrasive article in accordance with claim 1 wherein the binder comprises an organic material comprising polymers selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, acrylic-based resins, melamine resins, urea-aldehyde resins, and a latex comprising the copolymerization product of at least one non-functionalized monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one diethyleneically unsaturated monomer, and at least one functionalized monoethylenically unsaturated monomer.

11. An abrasive article in accordance with claim 10 wherein the non-functionalized monoethylenically unsaturated monomer comprises styrene, the diethylenically unsaturated monomer comprises butadiene, and the functionalized monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of monomers having the general formula R¹ R² C═

CR³ COOH and anhydrides thereof, wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected from H and CH₃, and R³ is selected from H, CH₃ and COOH.

12. An abrasive article in accordance with claim 11 wherein the non-functionalized monoethylenically unsaturated monomer is styrene and said diethylenically unsaturated monomer is butadiene.

13. An abrasive article in accordance with claim 12 wherein the mole percent of styrene ranges from about 50 percent to about 80 percent.

14. An abrasive article in accordance with claim 1 wherein the fibers comprise nylon and the binder comprises a phenolic resin.

15. A system for polishing and/or crystallizing surfaces comprised of calcium carbonate, such as marble floors, the system comprising:

(a) An abrasive article comprising an open, lofty, three-dimensional non-woven web comprising a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers, a binder which adheres said fibers at points of mutual contact, and abrasive particles adherently bonded to the fibers by said binder, the abrasive particles having an average particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 micrometer to about 30 micrometers; and

(b) an acidic crystallization agent comprising a chemical capable of reacting with the calcium in the surface comprising calcium carbonate to produce an insoluble calcium salt.

16. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein the acidic crystallization agent comprises a hexafluorosilicate salt.

17. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein the acidic crystallization agent comprises oxalic acid.

18. A system for polishing and/or crystallizing surfaces comprised of calcium carbonate, such as marble floors, the system comprising:

(a) an abrasive article comprising an open, lofty, three-dimensional non-woven web comprising a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers selected from the group consisting of stuffer box crimped fibers, helically crimped fibers, melt-bondable fibers, and combinations thereof, a binder which adheres said fibers at points of mutual contact, and abrasive particles adherently bonded to the fibers by said binder, the abrasive particles having an average particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 micrometer to about 30 micrometers; and

(b) an acidic crystallization agent comprising a chemical capable of reacting with the calcium in the surface comprised of calcium carbonate to produce an insoluble calcium salt.

19. A method of treating a surface comprised of calcium carbonate, said method comprising:

(a) applying an acidic crystallization agent either to said surface or to a nonwoven surface treating article, or both the surface and the article, the acidic crystallization agent comprising a chemical capable of reacting with the calcium in the calcium in the surface to produce an insoluble calcium salt, the nonwoven surface treating article comprising an open, lofty, three-dimensional nonwoven abrasive web comprising a plurality of thermoplastic organic fibers, a binder, and abrasive particles having an average particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 micrometer to about 30 micrometers; and

(b) contacting said nonwoven surface treating article with said surface while creating relative movement between the surface and the nonwoven surface treating article, thereby producing a durable, high gloss finish on the surface.