Digital audio broadcasting system

• US 5,283,780 A
• Filed: 10/18/1990
• Issued: 02/01/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/18/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Exelis Incorporated (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Miller, John E., Schuchman, Leonard, Bruno, Ronald
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TON, DANG T
• Application Number:
  US07/598,396
• Time in Patent Office: 1,202 Days
• Field of Search: 370/50, 370/3, 370/70, 370/120, 370/122, 370/69.1, 371/43, 371/1, 380/32, 380/34, 380/36, 375/39, 375/58, 375/97, 375/48, 375/11, 375/23, 375/101, 375/88, 375/14, 375/13, 375/97, 455/65, 455/205, 455/158, 455/164, 455/168, 455/112, 455/165, 455/257, 455/258, 455/259, 455/260, 381/2
• US Class Current: 370/312
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/692 Hybrid techniques using combinations of two or more spread spectrum techniques
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/713 using frequency hopping
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/715 Interference-related aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/7152 with means for suppressing interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 20/71 Wireless systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 2201/20 digital audio broadcasting [DAB]
• CPC Class Codes: H04H 60/11 Arrangements for counter-measures when a portion of broadcast information is unavailable
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0059 Convolutional codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0071 Use of interleaving interleaving per se H03M13/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/04 using frequency diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03401 PSK
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03414 Multicarrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03477 not time-recursive
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03509 fractionally spaced H04L2025/03515 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03044 using fractionally spaced delay lines or combinations of fractionally integrally spaced taps
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2602 Signal structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2626 Arrangements specific to the transmitter only

Abstract

A digital audio broadcasting system that is capable of providing a large number of high quality stereophonic channels to mobile receivers in an environment with severe multipath delay and fading. Optimum combination of frequency and time diversity to guarantee robust performance in the mobile channel, with its multipath delay and frequency-selective fading effects. The system is based upon a dynamic single channel per carrier assignment of each stereo channel to many carriers. Intersymbol interference degradations caused by multipath delay are mitigated via an adaptive equalizer in the receiver. This dynamic single channel per carrier system preserves the simplicity inherent in the single channel per carrier assignment while it incorporates the ability to address frequency-selective fading by providing substantial frequency diversity. The frequency diversity is achieved via a slow frequency hop implementation in which the assignment of a number of stereo channels to an equal number of carrier frequencies is changed periodically. The system offers the simplicity of single channel per carrier assignment of stereo channels while it achieves the powerful performance benefits of frequency diversity and adaptive equalization for the mobile channel.

Claims

1. A digital audio broadcasting system for providing a large number N of high quality stereophonic (stereo) channels to one or more mobile receivers in an environment having multipath delay and fading comprising:

radio broadcast means including,

1) for each stereo channel;

a) means for converting an input audio signal to a digital signal having a predetermined data rate,

b) first convolution encoder means for encoding said digital signal with an error correcting code and generate a stereo channel signal,

c) first interleaver means for receiving a stereo channel signal from said convolution encoder and interleaving successive blocks of symbols and data blocks and supplying a sequential train of interleaved data blocks of symbols, and

2) second interleaver means for interleaving each stereo channel signal between a plurality of carrier frequencies equal in number to the number N of stereo channels, and means for periodically changing the carrier frequency of each said stereo channel, and

3) multiplexer means for forming a composite signal of the carrier signals from said second interleaver means, and means for radio broadcasting said composite of signal carrier signals.

2. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein said c) first interleaver means includes time division multiplexing means, means connecting said sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols to said time division multiplexing means, and bit preamble source means connected to said time division multiplexing means so that each train of interleaved data blocks and symbols is preceded by a unique preamble word to support rapid signal acquisition of each said stereo channel.

3. The invention defined in claims 1 or 2 wherein said first interleaver means is a matrix which receives data bit blocks and symbols in sequential columns of equal length and outputs rows of data bits sequentially, one-by-one from said columns, respectively, to constitute said sequential train of interleaved data bit blocks and symbols.

4. The invention defined in claim 1 wherein said c) first interleaver means includes an interleaver matrix means, and time division multiplexing means, means connecting said sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols to said time division multiplexing means, and bit preamble source means connected to said time division multiplexing means so that each train of interleaved data blocks and symbols is preceded by a unique preamble word to support rapid signal acquisition of each said stereo channel, and wherein said interleaver matrix means receives data bit blocks and symbols in sequential columns of equal length and outputs rows of data bits sequentially, one-by-one from said columns, respectively, to constitute said sequential train of interleaved data bit blocks and symbols, and said second interleaver is constituted by a digital baseband crosspoint switch and receives each stereo channel s sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols from said first interleaver matrix means and, at a predetermined time interval, interchanging the carrier frequency of all of said stereo channels so as to interleave blocks of symbols from N different stereo channels and form a modulation data stream for each carrier, respectively.

5. The invention defined in claim 1, wherein each of said one or more receiver means includes means for receiving the radio broadcast signals and producing a signal for processing, including mixer means and means for supplying said signal for processing to said mixer means, a frequency synthesizer connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of signals, demodulator means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to the form of said stereo channel signals from said first encoder means and decoder means connected to said deinterleaver.

9. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein said second interleaver is constituted by a digital baseband crosspoint switch and receives each stereo channel'"'"'s sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols from said first interleaver means and, at a predetermined time interval, interchanging the carrier frequency of all of said stereo channels so as to interleave blocks of symbols from N different stereo channels and form a modulation data stream for each carrier, respectively.

10. The invention defined in claim 3 wherein said second interleaver is constituted by a digital baseband crosspoint switch and receives each stereo channel'"'"'s sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols from said first interleaver means and, at a predetermined time interval, interchanging the carrier frequency of all of said stereo channels so as to interleave blocks of symbols from N different stereo channels and form a modulation data stream for each carrier, respectively.

11. The invention defined in claim 2 wherein each of said one or more received means includes means for receiving the radio broadcast signal and producing a signal for processing, including mixer means and means for supplying said signal for processing to said mixer means, a frequency synthesizer connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of frequencies, demodulation means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to form of said signals from said first encoder means and decoder means connected to said deinterleaver.

12. The invention defined in claim 3 wherein each of said one or more receiver means includes means for receiving the radio broadcast signals and producing a signal for processing, including mixer means and means for supplying said signal for processing to said mixer means, a frequency synthesizer connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of frequencies, demodulation means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to form of said signals from said first encoder means and decoder means connected to said deinterleaver.

13. The invention defined in claim 4 wherein each of said one or more receiver means includes means for receiving the radio broadcast signals and producing a signal for processing, including mixer means and means for supplying said signal for processing to said mixer means, a frequency synthesizer connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of frequencies, demodulation means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to form of said signals from said first encoder means and decoder means connected to said deinterleaver.

6. A digital audio broadcasting system for providing a large number N of high quality audio channels to one or more mobile receivers in an environment having multipath delay and fading comprising:

radio broadcast means including,

1) for each audio channel;

a) means for converting an input audio signal to a digital signal having a predetermined data rate,

b) convolution encoder means for encoding said digital signal with an error correcting code and generating an audio channel,

c) first interleaver matrix means for receiving an audio channel from said convolution encoder and interleaving successive blocks of symbols and data blocks and supplying a sequential train of interleaved symbols and data blocks, said first interleaver matrix means including time division multiplexing means, means connecting said sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols to said time division multiplexing means, and bit preamble source means connected to said time division multiplexing means so that each train of interleaved data blocks and symbols is preceded by a unique preamble word to support rapid signal acquisition of each of said audio channels, and

2) second interleaver means for interleaving each audio channel signal between a plurality of carrier frequencies equal in number to the number N of audio channels, said second interleaver being constituted by a digital baseband crosspoint switch and receives each audio channel'"'"'s sequential train of interleaved data blocks and symbols from said first interleaver matrix means and, at a predetermined time interval, interchanging the carrier frequency of all of said audio channels so as to interleave blocks of symbols from N different audio channel, and

3) multiplexer means for forming a composite signal of the carrier signals from said second interleaver means, and

means for radio broadcasting said composite of signal carrier signals.

7. The invention defined in claim 6 wherein said first interleaver matrix means is a matrix which receives data bit blocks and symbols in sequential columns of equal length and outputs rows of data bits sequentially one-by-one from said columns, respectively, to constitute said sequential train of interleaved data bit blocks and symbols.

8. The invention defined in claim 6 wherein each of said one or more receiver means includes means for receiving the radio broadcast signals and producing a signal for processing, including mixer means and means for supplying said signal for processing to said mixer means, frequency synthesizer means connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer means to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of frequencies, demodulator means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to the form of said stereo channel signals from said convolutional encoder and decoder means connected to said deinterleaver.

14. A radio receiver for receiving radio broadcast signals and producing a signal for processing said radio broadcast signals being comprised of a plurality of stereo signal channels interleaved between a plurality of carrier frequencies equal in number to the number of stereo signal channels and in which the carrier frequency of each stereo signal channel is changed periodically, comprising, mixer means and means for supplying said radio broadcast signal to said mixer means, a frequency synthesizer connected to said mixer means to provide a mixing frequency for a desired band of frequencies and to translate same to a predetermined intermediate frequency, controller means for supplying a selection signal to said frequency synthesizer to cause said mixer means to select said desired band of frequencies, demodulator means connected to receive said intermediate frequency, a training sequence matched filter connected to said demodulator for providing an input to said controller means for initial tuning of a desired stereo signal channel, an adaptive equalizer connected to said demodulator to mitigate the effects of delay spread and deinterleaver means connected to said adaptive equalizer to convert signals from said adaptive equalizer to said desired stereo signal channels.