Cuvette

• US 5,286,454 A
• Filed: 10/17/1991
• Issued: 02/15/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Jan Lilja, Sven-Erik Nilsson
• Original Assignee: Jan Lilja, Sven-Erik Nilsson
• Inventors: Nilsson, Sven-Erik, Lilja, Jan
• Primary Examiner(s): Warden, Robert J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TRAN, HIEN THI
• Application Number:
  US07/768,321
• Time in Patent Office: 852 Days
• Field of Search: 422/102, 422/72, 422/57, 422/58, 422/101, 436/45, 436/177, 436/178, 436/180, 436/809, 356/246, 494/16-21, 494/45, 210/206, 435/287, 435/291, 435/301, 435/311
• US Class Current: 422/548
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/0621 Control of the sequence of chambers filled or emptied
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0406 capillary forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0409 centrifugal forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/50273 characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids micropumps F04B19/006, of the membrane type F04B43/043
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/0346 Capillary cells; Microcells
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/07 Centrifugal type cuvettes G01N21/09 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/25375 Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/255 including use of a solid sorbent, semipermeable membrane, or liquid extraction

Abstract

A cuvette for taking up a fluid and mixing the fluid with a reagent for analyzing the mixture consists of a body (10) of glass or polymeric material having a first cavity (12) in which the fluid can be taken up, preferably by capillary action, through an inlet (13), and at least one further cavity (21) exerting capillary force on fluid which is transported from the first cavity (12) into a reception cavity (17) by subjecting the cuvette to centrifugal force. The further cavity (21) preferably exerts capillary force through a wick (19) which does not extend as far as the bottom of the reception cavity (17), and a capillary channel (20). In those cases where more than one further cavity (21) is provided, each such cavity (21) communicates with a further reception cavity into which the fluid can be transported from the cavity (21) by the exertion of centrifugal force. The cuvette may also have cavities for receiving washing or diluting liquid, which are connected in series or in parallel with the cavity (12).

Claims

1. A cuvette for taking up at least one fluid and for mixing a fluid with a dry reagent for analyzing a mixture, wherein said cuvette comprises:

a) at least one capillary first cavity having an inlet and constructed and arranged to take up a fluid by capillary action alone;

b) a first channel having a non-capillary and non-spontaneous fluid transporting function operative only under external influence by application of a centrifugal force on the cuvette;

c) a centrifugation reception cavity communicating with said at least one capillary first cavity via said first channel and constructed and arranged to exert no capillary action;

d) at least one capillary second cavity constructed and arranged to take up fluid by capillary force alone; and

e) a first capillary transporting means projecting into said centrifugation reception cavity, being connected to said at least one capillary second cavity and constructed and arranged to transport fluid by capillary action from said centrifugal reception cavity into said at least one capillary second cavity.

2. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a capillary channel provided between said reception cavity and said at least one capillary second cavity, an end portion of said first capillary transporting means facing away from said reception cavity being fixed in said capillary channel.

3. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second reception cavity communicating with said at least one capillary second cavity via a second channel corresponding to said first channel.

4. A cuvette as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second reception cavity has a second capillary transporting means corresponding to said first capillary transporting means and connected to a second capillary channel opening in a capillary third cavity.

5. A cuvette as claimed in claim 4, further comprising at least a third reception cavity, a third channel, a third capillary transporting means, a third capillary channel and a capillary fourth cavity connected to said at least one capillary second cavity via said capillary third cavity.

6. A cuvette as claimed in claim 5, having a plurality of channels and reception cavities, and capillary transporting mans, capillary channels and cavities, wherein all channels and reception cavities extend along parallel lines making an angle with parallel lines along which the capillary channels extend.

7. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least two capillary cavities are connected to each reception cavity.

8. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein said capillary transporting means consists of a wick.

9. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein all cavities and/or reception cavities are coated with reagents or fluid-modifying agents.

10. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one cavity for receiving diluting or washing liquid is connected in parallel with said at least one capillary first cavity, said two cavities having outlets connected to said first channel.

11. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one cavity for receiving diluting or washing liquid is connected in series with said at least one capillary first cavity via a channel, a reception cavity and a capillary transporting means.

12. A cuvette as claimed in claim 10, wherein said cavity for receiving diluting and washing liquid is provided, at an inlet and an outlet thereof, with means for sealingly enclosing a liquid, the means for sealingly enclosing the liquid provided in said outlet being rupturable by a penetrating means disposed in the cavity and activatable by centrifugal force.

13. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one reception cavity has a larger volume than the succeeding cavities which are arranged to take up fluid from said reception cavity.

14. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the cavities is covered with a hydrophillic or hydrophobic semipermeable membrane containing a reagent.

15. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1 in which said capillary second cavity is offwet with respect to said first channel and wherein said capillary second cavity communicates with the ambient atmosphere through a vent.

16. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1 in which said capillary second cavity is in line with said first channel and between said first capillary cavity and said centrifugation reception cavity.

17. A cuvette as claimed in claim 1 wherein said capillary second cavity contains a dry reagent or a fluid-modifying agent.