Spanwise graded twist panel

• US 5,288,039 A
• Filed: 07/29/1992
• Issued: 02/22/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 07/29/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: James D. Delaurier, Jeremy M. Harris
• Original Assignee: James D. Delaurier, Jeremy M. Harris
• Inventors: DeLaurier, James D., Harris, Jeremy M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Peters, Jr., Joseph F.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ellis, Christopher P.
• Application Number:
  US07/921,220
• Time in Patent Office: 573 Days
• Field of Search: 244/219, 244/90 R, 244/123, 244/124
• US Class Current: 244/219
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 3/52 Warping
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 33/02 Wings; Actuating mechanisms therefor
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/10 Drag reduction

Abstract

A closed shear flexible panel has upper and lower surfaces each having front ends which define a leading edge and rear edges which define a trailing edge. The rear edges are slideable longitudinally with respect to each other when a torsional force is applied to the panel or a linear force is applied to the rear edges to induce a spanwise gradient pitch in the panel.

Claims

1. A shear flexible panel which comprises:

a longitudinally extending upper surface having a first longitudinal front end;

a first longitudinal rear edge and a first inner face;

a longitudinally extending lower surface having a second longitudinal front end, a second longitudinal rear edge and a second inner face;

wherein said first and said second inner faces cooperate to define an interior cavity;

wherein said first and second front ends cooperate to form a leading edge and said first and second rear edges cooperate to form a trailing edge; and

wherein said first and said second rear edges are slidable longitudinally with respect to each other when one of a torsional force is applied to said panel or a linear force is applied to at least one of said first and second rear edges to thereby induce a spanwise gradient twist extending longitudinally in said panel.

2. The panel of claim 1 in which a portion of one of said first and second rear edges overlies a portion of said other first and second rear edges.

3. The panel of claim 1 further comprising:

at least one rib mounted laterally in said cavity;

wherein said rib has a body with a nose at one end and a tail at the opposite end and a top perimeter surface high complements and lies adjacent to a portion of said first inner face defining said cavity and a bottom perimeter surface which complements and lies adjacent to a portion of said second inner face defining said cavity; and

wherein one of said top and bottom perimeter surfaces is rigidly attached to and movable with its respective adjacent first or second inner face and the other of said top and bottom perimeter surfaces is detached from and movable with respect to its respective adjacent first or second inner face.

4. The panel of claim 3 further comprising:

a longitudinally extending torsionally elastic spar mounted within said cavity adjacent said leading edge and remote from said first and second rear edges; and

wherein said rib nose is rigidly affixed to said spar.

5. The panel of claim 1 further comprising;

at least one rib mounted laterally in said cavity;

wherein said rib has a body with a nose at one end, a tail at the opposite end, a top perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said first inner surface defining said cavity and a bottom perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said second inner surface defining said cavity; and

drive means attached to said rib for rotating said rib to impart a torsional force to said panel.

6. The panel of claim 5 in which said panel has a root at one end and a tip at the other end and said rib is located adjacent the tip of said panel and said drive means includes a rotatable spar which extends longitudinally within said interior cavity from the root to the tip of said panel.

7. The panel of claim 3 further comprising;

at least one rib mounted laterally in said cavity;

wherein said rib has a body with a nose at one end, a tail at the opposite end, a top perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said first inner surface defining said cavity and a bottom perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said second inner surface defining said cavity; and

drive means attached to said rib for rotating said rib to impart a torsional force to said panel.

8. The panel of claim 7 in which said panel has a root at one end and a tip at the other end and said rib is located adjacent the tip of said panel and said drive means includes a rotatable spar which extends longitudinally within said interior cavity from the root to the tip of said panel.

9. The panel of claim 1 further comprising:

actuator means attached to one of said first and second rear edges for sliding one of said first and second rear edges longitudinally with respect to the other of said first and second rear edges to impart a torsional force to said panel.

10. The panel of claim 3 further comprising:

actuator means attached to one of said first and second rear edges for sliding one of said first and second rear edges longitudinally with respect to the other of said first and second rear edges to impart a torsional force to said panel.

11. The panel of claim 1 further comprising:

at least one rib mounted laterally in said cavity;

wherein said rib has a body split longitudinally into a top section having a top nose at one end and a top tail at the opposite end and a top perimeter surface which complements and lies adjacent to a portion of said first inner face defining said cavity and a bottom section having a bottom nose at one end and a bottom tail at the opposite end and a bottom perimeter surface which complements and lies adjacent to a portion of said second inner face defining said cavity;

wherein said top perimeter surface of said top section is rigidly attached to and movable with said first inner face and said bottom perimeter surface of said bottom section is attached to and movable with said second inner face.

12. The panel of claim 11 further comprising;

a longitudinally extending torsionally elastic spar mounted within said cavity adjacent to said leading edge and remote from said first and second rear edges; and

wherein said top and bottom noses are affixed to said spar.

13. The panel of claim 11 further comprising:

a plurality of spanwise extending stringers rigidly affixed to one of said top section or said bottom section of said rib.

14. The panel of claim 12 further comprising;

at least one solid rib mounted laterally in said cavity;

wherein said solid rib has a body with a nose at one end, a tail at the opposite end, a top perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said first inner surface defining said cavity and a bottom perimeter surface which compliments and lies adjacent to a portion of said second inner surface defining said cavity; and

drive means attached to said rib for rotating said rib to impart a torsional force to said panel.

15. The panel of claim 11 further comprising:

actuator means attached to one of said first and second rear edges for sliding one of said first and second rear edges longitudinally with respect to the other of said first and second rear edges to impart a torsional force to said panel.

16. The panel of claim 1 further comprising:

a clip having a first body element affixed to one of said first and said second rear edges and a second body element which overlies the other of said first and second rear edges to retain said first and second rear edges in close cooperation with each other while allowing said first and second rear edges to slide with respect to each other.

17. The panel of claim 1 in which said upper surface and said lower surface are formed from a single element.

18. The panel of claim 1 further comprising:

twist means for causing said shearflex panel to twist about a spanwise axis;

wherein said twist means comprises mechanical force means for applying a mechanical force to said first and second inner faces of said shearflex panels.

19. The panel of claim 18 in which said mechanical force means comprises:

a spanwise extending forward spar and a spanwise extending rearward spar mounted within said shearflex panel;

a first lateral pivot for said forward spar;

a second lateral pivot for said rearward spar; and

first drive means connected to said forward and rearward spars to cause said spars to be rocked differentially about their respective lateral pivots.

20. The panel of claim 19 which further comprises:

a first drive pivot attached to one end of said forward spar;

a second drive pivot attached to one end of said rearward spar; and

said second drive means being connected to both said first and second drive pivots.

21. The panel of claim 20 in which said second drive means further comprises a third drive means to cause said forward and rear spars to be rocked in parallel about said lateral pivots.

22. The panel of claim 20 in which each of said first and second drive pivots have ball joints.

23. The panel of claim 22 in which said second drive means includes a connecting link which mounts each of said ball joints for said first and second drive pivots.

24. The panel of claim 23 in which said third drive means operates to move said connecting link vertically.