Energy control system

• US 5,289,362 A
• Filed: 12/15/1989
• Issued: 02/22/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Johnson Service Company
• Original Assignee: Johnson Service Company
• Inventors: Liebl, Ronald J., Bronikowski, Alan J., Tellier, Mark W., Holdorf, Thomas C., Strojny, Lawrence J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Jerry
• Assistant Examiner(s): BROWN, THOMAS
• Application Number:
  US07/452,285
• Time in Patent Office: 1,530 Days
• Field of Search: 364/140-146, 364/505, 364/557, 364/464.01, 364/464.04, 364/492, 364/493, 236/46 R, 236/91 D, 165/12-14, 165/24-27, 307/39, 307/33-38, 340/310 R, 340/310 A, 340/310 CP
• US Class Current: 700/22
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/47 Responding to energy costs
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 23/1923 using thermal energy, the cost of which varies in function of time
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply

Abstract

A control system for controlling a climate control device, such as an HVAC device within a premise, utilizes real time price tier data supplied by the utility company to achieve economical temperature regulation of the premise. The control system regulates temperature based on time of day data and desired temperature data supplied by the user wherein the user may program different desired temperatures depending upon the relative cost of electricity. The system also provides billing information to the user for current usage and projected usage. The control system additionally controls appliance modules and regulates operation of the hot water heater.

Claims

1. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each time interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

2. A control system as recited in claim 1, wherein

said display means further includes means for displaying weekend and weekday identifying data,

said input means further includes means for selecting said weekend or weekday identifying data, and

said control means is further operative to control said climate control device in accordance with said weekend and weekday identifying data.

3. A control system as recited in claim 1, wherein

said display means further includes means for displaying time of day subintervals, such as morning, day, evening and night, and

said input means further includes means for selecting said time of day subintervals.

4. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said input means includes means for inputting contiguous time of day data for defining contiguous time intervals.

5. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein

said control system further includes storing means for storing preset time of day data corresponding to predetermined time intervals, and preset set point temperature data corresponding to said preset time of day data for each of said price tier identifying data, and

wherein said control means is operative for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said preset set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding preset time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

8. A control system as recited in claim 4, wherein

said climate control device operates in at least a cooling mode for cooling said premise and

wherein for use in said cooling mode said storing means stores said preset set point temperature data for each of said price tier identifying data such that any given preset set point temperature data for a given cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data has a value equal to or greater than the preset set point temperature value corresponding to any lower cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data.

11. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein

said input means further includes means for selecting an appliance module data indicative of a selected one of a plurality of appliance modules and means for inputting start and stop time data for each selected appliance module, and

wherein said control means is further operative in response to said appliance module data and said start and stop time data to activate said appliance during a time period defined by said start and stop time data.

12. A control system as recited in claim 11 wherein said appliance modules are connected to said control means via an AC power line within said premise.

13. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said climate control device is connected to said control means via AC power lines within said premise.

14. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said climate control device is connected to said control means via dedicated lines within said premise, said dedicated lines separate from any AC power lines within said premise.

15. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means is connected to said utility via a telephone communication link.

16. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein:

said control means includes a data processing unit and an analog to digital converter,

said analog to digital converter connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data and providing digital actual temperature data to said data processing unit,

said processing unit operative for averaging said digital actual temperature data to provide an average temperature data, and

said control means operative for controlling said display means so as to display said average temperature data.

17. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means is operative for controlling said display means to display said actual temperature data as sensed by said temperature sensing means.

18. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means further includes means for calculating the cost of electricity over a given time period as utilized at least by said climate control device.

19. A control system as recited in claim 18 wherein

said input means includes a bill information switch and

said control means is connected to said display means for controlling said display means to display said calculated cost of electricity in response to actuation of said bill information switch.

20. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means includes means for determining electricity usage data in each of said price tiers, said control means controlling said display means to display said electricity usage data in response to actuation of a given switch on said input means.

21. A control system as recited in claim 20 wherein said given switch is a bill information switch, sequential actuation of said bill information switch causing sequential action by said control means to cause said display means to sequentially display said electricity usage data in each price tier.

22. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means includes means for determining electricity cost data in each of said price tiers, said control means controlling said display means to display said electricity cost data in response to actuation of a given switch on said input means.

23. A control system as recited in claim 1 further including a hot water heater connected to said control means and wherein said control means further includes means for calculating the cost of electricity over a given time period as utilized by at least said climate control device, said appliance modules, and said hot water heater.

24. A control system as recited in claim 1 further including:

a hot water heater connected to said controller, and

wherein said display means further includes means for displaying a start and stop time for displaying the scheduling of the on time of said hot water heater, and

wherein said input means further includes means for inputting said start and stop times for scheduling the on time of said hot water heater,

said controller being further operative to control said hot water heater in accordance with said scheduled on time and said real time clock data and further in response to said real time price tier data.

29. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said means for inputting includes a keypad and said means for displaying included an LCD display.

30. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein said control means is connected to said utility to receive said real time price tier data and a corresponding utility time schedule data during which said real time price tier data is in effect, said control means being further operative for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said corresponding utility time schedule data and said real time clock data.

31. A control system as recited in claim 1 wherein:

said control means includes a data processing unit connected to receive said actual temperature data from said temperature sensing means,

said processing unit operative for averaging said actual temperature data to provide an average temperature data, and

said control means operative for controlling said climate control means in response to said averaged temperature data.

32. A control system as recited in claim 31 wherein said control means is operative for controlling said display means to display said actual temperature data as sensed by said temperature sensing means.

33. A control system as recited in claim 31 wherein said data processing means averages a current actual temperature data with an immediately preceding actual temperature data and with a past average of said actual temperature data to calculate a current average temperature data and wherein said control means controls said climate control device in response to said current average temperature data.

6. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, and control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each timer interval.

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein said control system further includes storing means for storing preset time of day data corresponding to predetermined time intervals, and preset set point temperature data corresponding to said preset time of day data for each of said price tier identifying data, and

wherein said control means is operative for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said preset set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding preset time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein

said storing means further stores said time of day data and said set point temperature data input via said input means, and said control means is operative to control said climate control device in response to said input time of day data and said input set point temperature data in place of said preset time of day data and said preset set point temperature data respectively, and

wherein said input means further includes an optimizer switch, said control means responsive to actuation of said optimizer switch to control said climate control device in response to said preset time of day data and said preset set point temperature data in place of said input time of day data and said input set point temperature data respectively.

10. A control system as recited in claim 6 wherein

said climate control device operates in at least a heating mode for heating said premise and

wherein for use in said heating mode said storing means stores said preset set point temperature data for each of said price tier identifying data such that any given preset set point temperature data for a given cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data has a value equal to or less than the preset set point temperature value corresponding to any lower cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data.

7. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each time interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein said control system further includes storing means for storing preset time of day data corresponding to predetermined time intervals, and preset set point temperature data corresponding to said preset time of day data for each of said price tier identifying data,

wherein said control means is operative for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said preset set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding preset time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein

said climate control device operates in at least a cooling mode for cooling said premise and

wherein for use in said cooling mode said storing means stores said preset set point temperature data for each of said price tier identifying data such that any given preset set point temperature data for a given cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data has a value equal to or greater than the preset set point temperature value corresponding to any lower cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data.

9. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each timer interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein said control system further includes storing means for storing preset time of day data corresponding to predetermined time intervals, and preset set point temperature data corresponding to said preset time of day data for each of said price tier identifying data,

wherein said control means is operative for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said preset set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding preset time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

wherein

said climate control device operates in at least a heating mode for heating said premise and

wherein for use in said heating mode said storing means stores said preset set point temperature data for each of said price tier identifying data such that any given preset set point temperature data for a given cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data has a value equal to or less than the preset set point temperature value corresponding to any lower cost of electricity as represented by said price tier identifying data.

25. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each timer interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

a hot water heater connected to said controller, and

wherein said display means further includes means for displaying a start and stop time for displaying the scheduling of the on time of said hot water heater,

wherein said input means further includes means for inputting said start and stop times for scheduling the on time of said hot water heater,

said controller being further operative to control said hot water heater in accordance with said scheduled on time and said real time clock data and further in response to said real time price tier data,

and wherein said controller is operative for turning on said hot water heater in advance of said scheduled on time so as to preheat said hot water heater in a preheat time interval immediately preceding said scheduled on time.

26. A control system as recited in claim 25 wherein said control means includes means for calculating a preheat time interval which produces a lowest utility cost with respect to said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

27. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) displaying means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each timer interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

a hot water heater connected to said controller, and

wherein said display means further includes means for displaying a start and stop time for displaying the scheduling of the on time of said hot water heater,

wherein said input means further includes means for inputting said start and stop times for scheduling the on time of said hot water heater,

said controller being further operative to control said hot water heater in accordance with said scheduled on time and said real time clock data and further in response to said real time price tier data,

and wherein said control means is operative for inhibiting operation of said hot water heater if said real time price tier data for said scheduled on time corresponds to a highest price tier data.

28. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting;

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each timer interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto, and

e) control means

1) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data,

a hot water heater connected to said controller, and

wherein said display means further includes means for displaying a start and stop time for displaying the scheduling of the on time of said hot water heater, and

wherein said input means further includes means for inputting said start and stop times for scheduling the on time of said hot water heater,

said controller being further operative to control said hot water heater in accordance with said scheduled on time and said real time clock data and further in response to said real time price tier data,

and wherein said control means is operative for inhibiting operation of said hot water heater if said real time price tier data for said scheduled on time corresponds to either a highest or next to highest price tier data.

34. A control system for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to said control system, said control system comprising:

a) display means for displaying;

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) input means for inputting said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each time interval,

c) temperature sensing means for sensing the temperature within said premise and for producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) clock means for maintaining a real time clock and for generating real time clock data corresponding thereto,

e) control means

2) connected to said input means for receiving said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

2) connected to said temperature sensing means for receiving said actual temperature data,

3) connected to said clock means for receiving said real time clock data,

4) connected to said utility for receiving said real time price tier data, and

5) connected to said climate control device for controlling said climate control device for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

35. A method for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers and said utility providing real time price tier data to a control unit within said premise, said method comprising the steps of:

a) displaying to a user of said control unit

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

b) inputting into said control unit

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each time interval,

c) sensing the temperature within said premise and producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

d) maintaining a real time clock and generating real time clock data corresponding thereto,

e) receiving in said control unit said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

f) receiving in said control unit said actual temperature data,

g) receiving in said control unit said real time clock data,

h) receiving in said control unit said real time price tier data from said utility, and

i) controlling said climate control device via said control unit for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

36. A method for controlling a climate control device such as an HVAC device at a premise, said climate control device being supplied with electricity via a utility at various price tiers, said method comprising the steps of:

a) providing real time price tier data from said utility to a control unit which is connected for controlling said climate control device,

b) displaying to a user of said control unit

1) time of day data,

2) price tier identifying data for identifying price tiers representing at least the relative cost of electricity from one price tier to the next price tier, and

3) set point temperature data corresponding to each of said price tier identifying data,

c) inputting into said control unit

1) said time of day data for defining time intervals,

2) said set point temperature data corresponding to each price tier identifying data and corresponding to each of said time of day data, said set point temperature data indicative of the desired temperature corresponding to each price tier for each time interval,

d) sensing the temperature within said premise and producing actual temperature data indicative of said sensed temperature;

e) maintaining a real time clock and generating real time clock data corresponding thereto,

f) receiving in said control unit said time of day data and said set point temperature data,

g) receiving in said control unit said actual temperature data,

h) receiving in said control unit said real time clock data, and

i) controlling said climate control device via said control unit for regulating the temperature within said premise in accordance with

(a) said set point temperature data for a corresponding price tier identifying data and a corresponding time of day data and

(b) said actual temperature data, said real time price tier data and said real time clock data.

37. A method for controlling an apparatus having an ON/OFF status using a system including:

a thermostat unit including a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the apparatus, the method comprising the steps of;

establishing an apparatus schedule including a plurality of ON/OFF statuses associated with apparatus schedule times for the apparatus, wherein the schedule resides in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

providing the controller unit with electrical energy cost data associated with power company schedule times;

establishing energy cost limit data associated with each apparatus schedule time;

storing the energy cost limit data in the second means for storing information;

comparing the real time to the power company schedule times and the apparatus schedule times, and determining the electrical energy cost and the energy cost limit for the real time;

comparing the determined electrical energy cost to the determined energy cost limit;

comparing the real time to the apparatus schedule times and determining the scheduled ON/OFF status of the apparatus for the real time; and

manipulating the ON/OFF status of the apparatus to correspond with the scheduled ON/OFF status;

wherein the status of the apparatus is set to OFF when the electrical energy cost is greater than the energy cost limit.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the apparatus is an electric hot water heater.

39. The method of claim 37, wherein the apparatus is an appliance.

40. The method of claim 37, wherein the controller unit is provided with peak energy usage times from the power company, the method further comprising the steps of:

comparing the real time to the peak energy usage times; and

setting the status of the apparatus to OFF if the real time is equal to a peak energy usage time.

45. The method of claim 37, wherein the controller is coupled to a power company data supply with a data link, the method further comprising the steps of:

accessing the data supply over the data link to acquire electrical energy cost data and the associated power company schedule times; and

storing the electrical energy cost data and the associated power company schedule times in the second means for storing information.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the apparatus is an electric hot water heater.

47. The method of claim 40, wherein the controller is coupled to a power company data supply with a data link, the method further comprising the steps of:

accessing the data supply over the data link to acquire peak energy usage times; and

storing the peak energy usage times in the second means for storing information.

41. A method for controlling an apparatus having an ON/OFF status using a system including:

a thermostat unit including a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the apparatus, the method comprising the steps of;

establishing an apparatus schedule including a plurality of ON/OFF statuses associated with apparatus schedule times for the apparatus, wherein the schedule resides in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

providing the controller unit with electrical energy cost data associated with power company schedule times;

establishing energy cost limit data associated with each apparatus schedule time;

storing the energy cost limit data in the second means for storing information;

comparing the real time to the power company schedule times and the apparatus schedule times, and determining the electrical energy cost and the energy cost limit for the real time;

comparing the determined electrical energy cost to the determined energy cost limit;

comparing the real time to the apparatus schedule times and determining the scheduled ON/OFF status of the apparatus for the real time; and

manipulating the ON/OFF status of the apparatus to correspond with the scheduled ON/OFF status;

wherein the status of the apparatus is set to OFF when the electrical energy cost is greater than the energy cost limit;

wherein the thermostat includes a user interface for allowing a user to manipulate an apparatus schedule, and means for displaying the schedule, and the step of manipulating the apparatus schedule including the steps of;

storing the apparatus schedule from the second means for storing information in the first means for storing information;

displaying the apparatus schedule on the means for displaying;

altering the apparatus schedule in the first means for storing information by activating the user interface to provide desired ON/OFF statuses associated with the appropriate times; and

storing the altered schedule from the first means for storing information in the second means for storing information.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein the user interface includes a keypad, and the means for displaying includes an LCD display.

43. The method of claim 41, wherein the apparatus is an electric hot water heater.

44. The method of claim 41, wherein the apparatus is an appliance.

48. A method for controlling a means for heating and cooling a predetermined air mass with a system including:

a thermostat unit including means for sensing the temperature of the air mass and a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the means for heating and cooling, the method comprising the steps of;

manipulating a first schedule, said first schedule including a plurality of setpoint temperatures and associated times, wherein the first schedule resides in the first means for storing information;

storing the manipulated first schedule from the first means for storing information in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

determining the actual temperature of the air means for the means for sensing;

comparing the real time to the first schedule times and determining the setpoint temperature for the real time;

comparing the setpoint temperature to the actual temperature; and

controlling the means for heating and cooling such that the air mass is heated when the setpoint temperature is greater than the actual temperature by a first predetermined differential, and the air mass is cooled when the setpoint temperature is less than the actual temperature by a second predetermined differential;

wherein the step of determining the actual temperature of the air mass from the mass for sensing includes the steps of;

reading a temperature value from the means for sensing each time the real time determination is made;

averaging the temperature values read from the means for sensing corresponding to the real time determination made prior to the real time determination made immediately preceding the current real time determination to provide a past average;

storing the past average in the first means for storing information;

storing the temperature value associated with the real time determination made immediately preceding the current real time determination;

determining a current temperature value from the means for sensing associated with the current real time; and

averaging the past average, the temperature value associated with the real time determination made immediately preceding the current real time, and the current temperature to provide the actual temperature of the air.

49. A method for controlling a means for heating and cooling a predetermined air mass with a system including:

a thermostat unit including means for sensing the temperature of the air mass and a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the means for heating and cooling wherein the controller unit is provided with electrical energy cost data associated with power company schedule times, the method comprising the steps of;

manipulating a first schedule, said first schedule including a plurality of setpoint temperatures and associated times, wherein the first schedule resides in the first means for storing information;

storing the manipulated first schedule from the first means for storing information in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

determining the actual temperature of the air mass from the means for sensing;

comparing the real time to the first schedule times and determining the setpoint temperature for the real time;

comparing the setpoint temperature to the actual temperature;

controlling the means for heating and cooling such that the air mass is heated when the setpoint temperature is greater than the actual temperature by a first predetermined differential, and the air mass is cooled when the setpoint temperature is less than the actual temperature by a second predetermined differential;

establishing energy cost limit data associated with each first schedule time;

storing the energy cost limit data in the second means for storing information;

comparing the real time to the power company schedule times and the first schedule times, and determining the electrical energy cost and the energy cost limit for the real time;

comparing the determined electrical energy cost to the determined energy cost limit; and

disabling the means for heating and cooling when the electrical energy cost is greater than the energy cost limit.

51. The method of claim 49, wherein the means for heating and cooling comprises a heat pump.

52. The method of claim 49, wherein the means for heating and cooling comprises at least one resistive heating element and an air conditioner.

53. The method of claim 49, wherein the thermostat includes a user interface for allowing a user to manipulate the first schedule and means for displaying the first schedule, the step of establishing the first schedule including the steps of:

displaying the first schedule on the means for displaying; and

altering the first schedule by activating the user interface to provide desired setpoint temperatures and associated times.

54. The method of claim 49, wherein the user interface includes a keypad and the means for displaying includes an LCD display.

50. A method for controlling a means for heating and cooling a predetermined air mass with a system including:

a thermostat unit including means for sensing the temperature of the air mass and a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the means for heating and cooling wherein the controller unit is coupled to a power company data supply with a data link, the method comprising the steps of;

manipulating a first schedule, said first schedule including a plurality of setpoint temperatures and associated times, whereby the first schedule resides in the first means for storing information;

storing the manipulated first schedule from the first means for storing information in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

determining the actual temperature of the air mass from the means for sensing;

comparing the real time to the first schedule times and determining the setpoint temperature for the real time;

comparing the setpoint temperature to the actual temperature;

controlling the means for heating and cooling such that the air mass is heated when the setpoint temperature is greater than the actual temperature by a first predetermined differential, and the air mass is cooled when the setpoint temperature is less than the actual temperature by a second predetermined differential;

accessing the data supply over the data link to acquire electrical energy cost data and associated power company schedule times; and

storing the electrical energy cost data and associated power company schedule times in the second means for storing information.

55. A method for controlling an electric hot water heater with a system including:

a device for controlling the electric hot water heater having an ON/OFF status coupled to the electric hot water heater, a thermostat unit including a first means for storing information; and

a controller unit including a second means for storing information, the controller unit being a unit separate from and coupled to the thermostat and the device, the method comprising the steps of;

establishing a hot water schedule including a plurality of ON/OFF statuses for the device associated with times, wherein the hot water schedule resides in the second means for storing information;

determining the real time;

determining the actual ON/OFF status of the device;

comparing the real time to the hot water schedule times and determining the scheduled ON/OFF status of the device;

providing the controller unit with electrical energy cost data including energy costs associated with power company time periods;

comparing the real time to the hot water schedule times and determining scheduled ON/OFF status of the device for a subsequent hot water schedule time greater than the real time;

comparing the real time to the company time periods and determining a first energy cost for the real time;

comparing the subsequent hot water schedule time to the company time periods to determine a second energy cost for the subsequent hot water schedule time;

comparing the first energy cost with the second energy cost; and

changing the status of the device to ON for a predetermined amount of time when the first energy cost is less than the second energy cost.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the controller unit is coupled to a power company data supply with a data link, the method further comprising the steps of:

accessing the data supply over the data link to acquire the energy cost data and associated power company time periods; and

storing the energy cost data and the associated power company time periods in the second means for storing information.

57. The method of claim 55, wherein the thermostat unit includes a user interface for allowing a user to manipulate a hot water hot water schedule and means for displaying the hot water schedule, the step of manipulating the hot water schedule including the steps of:

storing the hot water schedule from the second means for storing information in the first means for storing information;

displaying hot water schedule on the means for displaying;

altering the hot water schedule data in the first means for storing information by activating the user interface to provide desired setpoint temperatures at associated times; and

storing the altered hot water schedule from the first means for storing information in the second means for storing information.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the user interface includes a keypad and the means for displaying includes an LCD display.