Surface active lactams

• US 5,294,644 A
• Filed: 02/12/1991
• Issued: 03/15/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/1986
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ISP Capital, Inc. (Ashland Global Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: ISP Investments, Inc. (Ashland Global Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Haldar, Rama K., Hashem, Mohamed M., Chaudhuri, Ratan K., Login, Robert B., Tracy, David J., Helioff, Michael W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ivy, C. Warren
• Assistant Examiner(s): COVINGTON, RAYMOND K
• Application Number:
  US07/654,359
• Time in Patent Office: 1,127 Days
• Field of Search: 252/357, 540/485, 540/574, 546/243, 548/401, 548/529, 548/530, 71/DIG. 1, 514/698
• US Class Current: 514/698
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/04 Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels foams A01N25/16
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/14 wettable
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/4913 having five membered rings, e.g. pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 13/00 Formulations or additives for perfume preparations essential oils or perfumes per se C11B9/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 17/005 Antimicrobial preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 17/02 containing insect repellants
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 5/02 Preparations for cleaning the hair
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/683 by addition of complex-forming compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 207/267 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 211/76 attached in position 2 or 6
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 223/10 attached in position 2
• CPC Class Codes: C07D 499/00 Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula: , e.g. penicillins, penems; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 9/00 Chemical paint or ink removers fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating C09D10/00
• CPC Class Codes: C09G 1/00 Polishing compositions French polish C09F11/00; detergents C11D
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 1/58 Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/28 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 3/32 Amides; Substituted amides
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 516/07 Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing

Abstract

The invention relates to properties and uses of N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams, particularly N-alkyl substituted lactams having the formula ##STR1## wherein R'"'"' is a hydrophobic radical such as linear or branched chain alkyl group containing from 8 to 27 carbon atoms, most preferably micelle forming pyrrolidones having 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the R'"'"' group. The invention particularly relates to the uses of the N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams which involve surfactant properties, such as solubility, wetting, viscosity building, emulsifying and/or complexing properties.

Claims

1. An emulsion concentrate which comprises an N-hydrocarbon substituted lactam surfactant having the formula ##STR8## wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3 and R'"'"' is a hydrophobic radical consisting of a linear, branched chain or cyclic alkyl radical containing from 7 to 22 carbon atoms;

a naphthyl or alkyl substituted naphthyl radical containing from 10 to 26 carbon atoms and an alkylphenyl or phenylalkyl radical containing from 9 to 26 carbon atoms;

which lactams are capable of forming micelles in neutral, basic or acidic aqueous media and have a critical micelle concentration of between about 1×

10^-3 and about 5×

10^-5 moles per liter, and a water insoluble agricultural chemical in an agriculturally effective amount.

3. The emulsion concentrate of claim 1 wherein n is 1 and R'"'"' is a linear alkyl radical containing 8 or 12 carbon atoms.

4. The emulsion concentrate of claim 1 wherein n is 1 and R'"'"' is a linear alkyl radical containing 8 or 12 carbon atoms.

2. An emulsion concentrate which comprises an N-hydrocarbon substituted lactam surfactant having the formula ##STR9## wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3 and R'"'"' is a hydrophobic radical consisting of a linear, branched chain or cyclic alkyl radical containing from 7 to 22 carbon atoms;

a naphthyl or alkyl substituted naphthyl radical containing from 10 to 26 carbon atoms and an alkylphenyl or phenylalkyl radical containing from 9 to 26 carbon atoms;

which lactams are capable of forming micelles in neutral, basic or acidic aqueous media and have a critical micelle concentration of between about 1×

10^-3 and about 5×

10^-5 moles per liter, and a water insoluble agricultural chemical in an agriculturally effective amount selected from the group consisting of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,6-trichlorphenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, chlordane, chlorinated camphene, phenylmercuric acetate, phenyl mercuric naphthenate, phenyl mercuric oleate, aldrin, dieldrin, isopropyl phenylcarbamate and triazine.

5. An emulsion concentrate which comprises an N-hydrocarbon substituted lactam surfactant having the formula ##STR10## wherein n is an integer having a value of from 1 to 3 and R'"'"' is a hydrophobic radical consisting of a linear, branched chain or cyclic alkyl radical containing from 7 to 22 carbon atoms;

a naphthyl or alkyl substituted naphthyl radical containing from 10 to 26 carbon atoms and an alkylphenyl or phenylalkyl radical containing from 9 to 26 carbon atoms;

which lactams are capable of forming micelles in neutral, basic or acidic aqueous media and having a critical micelle concentration of between about 1×

10^-3 and about 5×

10^-5 moles per liter, and a water insoluble agricultural chemical selected from the group consisting of herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides in a herbicidal, fungicidal, or insecticidal effective amount, respectively.

6. The emulsion concentrate of claim 5 wherein n is 1 and R'"'"' is a linear alkyl radical containing 8 or 12 carbon atoms.