Locating target in human body

• US 5,295,483 A
• Filed: 10/11/1991
• Issued: 03/22/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bank of Montreal
• Original Assignee: Christopher Nowacki, Mark T. Horbal
• Inventors: Horbal, Mark T., Nowacki, Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pfaffle, Krista M.
• Application Number:
  US07/777,433
• Time in Patent Office: 893 Days
• Field of Search: 128/24 AA, 128/24 EL, 128/660.03, 128/782, 128/660.01, 128/916
• US Class Current: 600/439
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/2255 Means for positioning patient, shock wave apparatus or locating means, e.g. mechanical aspects, patient beds, support arms, aiming means positioning of patients for radiation diagnosis A61B6/04; positioning of locating means inside shock wave apparatus A61B17/2256
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/2256 with means for locating or checking the concrement, e.g. X-ray apparatus, imaging means A61B17/2255 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/363 Use of fiducial points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/378 using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/25 User interfaces for surgical systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0833 involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4245 involving determining the position of the probe, e.g. with respect to an external reference frame or to the patient

Abstract

Apparatus and methods are provided for locating a target in a living body. Three cameras are supported at an elevated location such as on a wall or from a ceiling. The cameras are supplied as an integrated unit with a computer and are factory calibrated to said computer. A patient examining table is provided with a single radiation device, the radiation which is detectable by the cameras. The table is moved both horizontally and vertically to establish X, Y and Z coordinates relative to the room in which the installation is made. A hand held ultrasound probe is positioned to detect a target in a body disposed on said table, and an ultrasound scan screen apparatus displays the relation of the probe to the target, and also provides information for moving the table to position the target at a predetermined location.

Claims

1. Apparatus for locating a target in a human body comprising a three dimensional viewing camera unit including a housing, three cameras mounted in said housing in fixed relation to one another, and an auxiliary computer mounted in said housing, means for supporting said camera unit at an elevated location, a patient examining table disposed within respective aspects seen by said three cameras, said patient examining table being adapted to support a human patient having therein a target an ultrasound probe and an ultrasound scan screen apparatus, said probe having a plurality of radiation sources capable of being seen by said cameras, and a main computer, said auxiliary computer being electrically connected to said three cameras and to said main computer, said ultrasound probe being connected to said scan screen apparatus, said probe radiation sources being electrically connected to and strobed by said auxiliary computer, said ultrasound scan screen apparatus having three displays of X-Y, X-Z and Y-Z planes and being electrically connected to said probe to shown the relation of said probe to said target, and said ultrasound scan screen apparatus respectively having said three displays indicating a desired amount of movement of said patient examining table to position said target at a desired location.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 and further including a radiation source fixed relative to said said table, said table being moved to different horizontal and vertical positions in said room, and said fixed radiation source and said cameras being sequentially strobed by said auxilliary computer and the results stored in said main computer for orienting X, Y and Z coordinates to predetermine a working volume relative to a room in which said target locating device is installed.

3. A method of locating a target in a living body of a patient which comprises disposing a single electrically operated radiation emitting device in a fixed position relative to a patient examining table, moving said table and monitoring said radiation emitting device with three dimensional viewing camera means sensitive to the radiation emitted by said device, utilizing a first computer to control radiation from said device, storing information from said camera means in as second computer as to different positions of said radiation emitting device as it moves in fixed relation to said table upon movement of said table, placing said living body of a patient on said table and holding an ultrasonic probe in contact with said patient, said patient having a target therein, said probe having a plurality of electrically operated radiation emitting devices thereon, strobing said radiation emitting devices sequentially with said first computer to cause said radiation emitting devices to radiate in sequence, and monitoring the sequentially strobed probe radiation emitting devices with said three dimensional viewing camera means to detect the position of said probe, and determining the position of said probe relative to said target.

4. The method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said table with said single radiation emitting device is moved horizontally and vertically with said table maintaining a fixed relation to said single radiation emitting device to establish a volume within which said probe is to operate.

5. The method as set forth in claim 4 wherein said camera means is mounted in a room and the volume is defined in X, Y and Z coordinates relative to the room in which the camera means is installed.

6. The method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said three dimensional camera means comprises three cameras.

7. The method as set forth in claim 6 in which said three cameras are supplied as a factory calibrated unit including said first computer.

8. The method as set forth in claim 6 and further including moving said table with the patient therefrom to position said target in a desired location.