Stress test system with bidirectional filter

• US 5,297,557 A
• Filed: 10/14/1992
• Issued: 03/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/14/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: DEL Mar Medical Systems, LLC (Bio-Techne Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Del Mar Avionics
• Inventors: Reichl, Philip
• Primary Examiner(s): Kamm, William E.
• Application Number:
  US07/960,959
• Time in Patent Office: 531 Days
• Field of Search: 128/702-707
• US Class Current: 600/520
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/363 Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4884 inducing physiological or psychological stress, e.g. applications for stress testing
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 17/04 Recursive filters

Abstract

A system for filtering stochastic signals as embodied in stress test systems for measuring electrocardiographic (ECG) activity in response to exercise employs a bidirectional Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filtering process over a predetermined window on a digitized version of an ECG signal to eliminate noise up to the 0.67 Hz frequency range. To eliminate phase shifting distortion in the ECG signal, the IIR filter is applied in a first direction over a predetermined window of the ECG and then applied in a second direction opposite the first direction segment over the identical window. In this manner the phase shift distortion normally associated with IIR filters is completely eliminated and superior bandwidth (as compared to FIR filters) is obtained. The response is achieved fast enough to be used in real time purpose.

Claims

1. A stress test system for eliminating noise contained in an accelerated ECG signal comprising:

electrode means for detecting bioelectric signals generated by accelerated hearts of human subjects and generating, therefrom, an analog electrical signal;

digitizing means for converting said analog signal into a series of digital signals;

processing means for performing digital processing on said series of digital signals;

storage means operatively coupled to said processing means for storing data relating to said processing means operation, including storage of a predetermined length;

segmentation means contained within said processing means for dividing said series of digital signals into a series of windows, each of said windows being of said predetermined length;

filtering means contained within said processing means, said filtering means performing a bidirectional infinite impulse response (IIR) filter upon each of said windows; and

comparison means contained within said processing means for determining when said filtering means has completed each pass of said bidirectional IIR filter by comparing the length filtered in each direction against said predetermined length.

2. The invention defined by claim 1 further comprising:

analytical means contained within said processing means, said analytical means performing an analysis on said electrical signal after said filtering means performs said bidirectional IIR upon each of said windows; and

means responsive to said analytical means for indicating a result of said digital analysis.

3. The invention of claim 1 wherein said filtering means performs said bidirectional IIR filter in a first direction over each of said windows of detected ECG signals, and in a second direction opposite to said first direction over each of said windows, thereby canceling out any resulting phase distortions occurring fromn employing said IIR in said first direction.

4. The invention of claim 3 wherein said window has a terminal portion relative to said first direction that is discarded by said filtering means.

5. The invention of claim 3 wherein said window is approximately 3 seconds long.

6. The invention of claim 5 wherein said terminal portion is approximately 2 seconds long.

7. The invention of claim 3 wherein said filtering means is a butterworth filter.

8. The invention of claim 7 wherein said butterworth filter is a 3 pole filter.

9. The invention of claim 7 wherein said butterworth filter is a 5 pole filter.

10. A system for filtering electrocardiographic signals generated as a result of accelerated cardiac activity comprising:

at least one electrocardiographic sensor capable of detecting bioelectric signals generated by accelerated hearts of human subjects, said sensor being attached to human subjects to detect heartbeats, and generate an analog electrical signal, therefrom;

digitizing means for converting said analog electrical signal into a series of digital electrical signals;

computational means for dividing said series of digital electrical signals into a series of segments each of said segments having a predetermined length;

filtering means contained within said computational means, for performing a zero phase bidirectional infinite impulse response (IIR) filter on said series of segments; and

means responsive to said filtering means for reconstructing said series of segments to create an estimated baseline level of said analog signal.

11. The invention defined by claim 10 further comprising comparison means for determining that said bidirectional IIR filter has filtered said digitized electrical over a length equal to said predetermined length for each direction of operation for said bidirectional filter.

12. The invention of claim 10 wherein said filtering means performs said bidirectional IIR in a first direction over said predetermined length of detected ECG signals, and in a second direction that is opposite said first direction over said predetermined length thereby canceling out any resulting phase distortions occurring from employing said IIR in said first direction.

13. The invention of claim 12 wherein said predetermined length has a first portion and a second portion, selected such that one of said portions may be discarded to eliminate ringing generated by said IIR filter.

14. The invention of claim 12 wherein said IIR filter is a butterworth filter.